LOUSSAPATZ 913 2011 12 10 The Dawn

... I would like to offer apologies as this post failed to publish the Armenian script...

ÂÆô 913 Þ2 ́2Â, 10 ̧oÎîoØ ́oð 2011

3⁄4ç Pages

1– 9

10- 20

NOTICE To subscribe/ unsubscribe, Email to : loussapatz@gmail.com

23 î2ðÆ 2è2æa ̧oÎîoØ ́oð 7, 1988-ÆÜ îoÔÆ àôÜoò2ô Ð2Ú2êî2ÜÆ oðÎð2Þ2ðÄÀ

1ìÆÈÜÆôêÆ Ø3⁄4æ ÀÜ ̧àôÜàô2Ì 3⁄4 Ú2Úî2ð2ðàôÂÆôÜa Ô2ð2 ́2ÔÆ

Ð2ðòàì ÈÇÃáõ3ÝÇáÛ Ù3Ûñ3ù3Õ3ù ìÇÉÝÇõëÇ Ù¿ç ̧»Ïï»Ùμ»ñ 7-ÇÝ ëÏë3Í ¿ o2ÐÎ Ü3Ë3ñ3ñÝ»ñáõ

ÊáñÑáõñ1Ç »ñÏûñ»3Û 18-ñ1 ·3·3ÃÝ3ÅáÕáíÁ: 2é3çÇÝ ûñáõ3Û 3õ3ñïÇÝ, o2ÐÎ ØÇÝëÏÇ ËáõÙ- μÇ Ñ3Ù3Ý3Ë3·3ÑáÕ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ å3ïáõÇñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Õ»Ï3í3ñÝ»ñÁ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ Ð3- Û3ëï3ÝÇ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó Ý3Ë3ñ3ñ 3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Ü3Éμ3Ý1»3Ý áõ 2ïñå¿Û×3ÝÇ Çñ å3ßïûÝ3- ÏÇó 3⁄4ÉÙ3ñ Ø3Ù¿ï»3ñáí È»éÝ3ÛÇÝ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõû3Ý í»ñ3μ»ñ»3É ÁÝ1áõÝ3Í »Ý Ñ3Ù3ï»Õ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñáõÃÇõÝ, áõñ, Ù3ëÝ3õáñ3å¿ë, Ï’ÁëáõÇ.

¦íÇÉÝÇõëÇ Ù¿ç Çñ3Ï3Ý3óáõáÕ o2ÐÎ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÝ»ñáõ ËáñÑáõñ1Ç ÝÇëïÇ ÍÇñÇÝ Ù¿ç o2ÐÎ ØÇÝëÏÇ ËáõÙμÇ Ñ3Ù3Ý3Ë3·3ÑáÕ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ å3ïáõÇñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Õ»- Ï3í3ñÝ»ñÁ (èáõë3ëï3ÝÇ 2¶ Ý3Ë3ñ3ñ ê»ñ·¿Û È3õñáí, 2ØÜ å»ï3Ï3Ý ù3ñïáõÕ3ñ ÐÇÉÁñÇ øÉÇÝÃÁÝ, üñ3Ýë3ÛÇ »õñáå3Ï3Ý Ñ3ñó»ñáí Ý3Ë3ñ3ñ Ä3Ý È¿áÝ¿ÃÇ), ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ Ð3Û3ëï3- ÝÇ 2¶ Ý3Ë3ñ3ñ 3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Ü3Éμ3Ý1»3Ý áõ 2ïñå¿Û×3ÝÇ 2¶ Ý3Ë3ñ3ñ 3⁄4ÉÙ3ñ Ø3Ù¿ï»3ñáí Ñ3Ù3ï»Õ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñáõû3Ùμ í»ñ3Ñ3ëï3ï3Í »Ý ÈÔ Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõû3Ý Ë3Õ3Õ Ï3ñ·3õáñ- Ù3Ý Ñ3ëÝ»Éáõ Ï3ñ»õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ: ÐÇÝ· å3ïáõÇñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Õ»Ï3í3ñÝ»ñÁ, íÏ3Û3Ïáã»Éáí 2008-ÇÝ ØáëÏáõ3ÛÇ Ñéã3Ï3·ÇñÁ, 2008-ÇÝ Ð»ÉëÇÝùÇÇ »õ 2009-ÇÝ 2ÿÝùÇ Ù¿ç o2ÐÎ Ý3Ë3ñ3- ñ3Ï3Ý ËáñÑáõñ1Ç Ñ3Ý1ÇåáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ 2010-ÇÝ 2ëÃ3Ý3ÛÇ Ù¿ç o2ÐÎ ·3·3ÃÝ3ÅáÕáíÇ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï Çñ»Ýó »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3Í »Ý o2ÐÎ ØÇÝëÏÇ ËáõÙμÇ Ó»õ3ã3÷áí μ3Ý3Ïó3ÛÇÝ ·áñÍÁÝÃ3óÁ ß3ñáõÝ3Ï»Éáõ »õ Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõû3Ý Ë3Õ3Õ Ï3ñ·3õáñÙ3Ý áõÕÕáõû3Ùμ Û3é3çÁÝÃ3ó 3ñÓ3Ý3·ñ»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ ÙÃÝáÉáñïÁ μ3ñ»É3- õ»Éáõ 3ÝÑñ3Å»ßïáõû3Ý Ñ»ï§:

ä3ïáõÇñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Õ»Ï3í3ñÝ»ñÁ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3Í »Ý, áñ 3Û1 áõÕÕáõû3Ùμ Ó»éÝ3ñ- ÏáõáÕ ù3ÛÉ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÁ å¿ïù ¿ ÁÉÉ3Û Ññ31313ñÇ Ë3ËïÙ3Ý 1¿åù»ñÁ Ñ»ï3ùÝÝ»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ Ù»- ù»Ý3Ï3Ýáõû3Ý Ù3Ýñ3Ù3ëÝ»ñáõ Ùß3ÏáõÙÁ:

ÂoÈoÂàÜ 2011-Ç ÜàôÆð2îàôàôÂÆôÜÜoðÀa Àêî oðÎÆðÜoðàô

¦Ð3Û3ëï3ݧ Ð3Ù3Ñ3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý ÐÇÙÝ31ñ3ÙÁ ¦Â»É»ÃáÝ 2011§-Ç ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ ÝáõÇñ3μ»ñáõ3Í ·áõÙ3ñÝ»ñÁ åÇïÇ Û3ïÏ3óÝ¿ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ »õ 2ñó3ËÇ çñ3Ù3ï3Ï3ñ3ñÙ3Ý »ÝÃ3Ï3éáõóáõ3ÍùÝ»ñáõ Ï3éáõóÙ3Ý áõ í»ñ3Ï3éáõóÙ3Ý, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ åÇïÇ ß3ñáõÝ3Ï¿ 1⁄23ñ·3óÙ3Ý Íñ3·ñ»ñ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÝ»É ·ÇõÕ3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3ÛÝùÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç:

¦Â»É»ÃáÝ 2011§-Ç ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ Ñ3õ3ùáõ»ó3õ 3õ»ÉÇ ù3Ý 12 ÙÇÉÇáÝ 3Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý ïáÉ3ñ: êïáñ»õa Ñ3Ý·3Ý3ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Áëï »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ:

Ð3Û3ëï3Ý- 2. 461.638 ïáÉ3ñ È»éÝ3ÛÇÝ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ Ð3Ýñ3å»ïáõÃÇõÝ- 1.013.170 üñ3Ýë3- 3.671.250 ¶»ñÙ3ÝÇ3- 114.000 ÐáÉ3Ýï3- 62.000 1⁄4áõÇó»ñÇ3- 34.000 2ØÜ 2ñ»õ»É»3Ý 3÷- 500.000 2ØÜ 2ñ»õÙï»3Ý 3÷- 2.610.420 2ñÅ3ÝÃÇÝ- 500.000 äñ31⁄2ÇÉ- 100.000 2õëïñ3ÉÇ3- 60.000 ¶3Ý3ï3-ÂáñáÝÃû- 600.000 ¶3Ý3ï3-ØáÝñ¿3É- 120.000 Ø»ÍÝ ́ñÇï3ÝÇ3- 210.000 ÎÇåñáë, ÚáõÝ3ëï3Ý- 100.000 ÈÇμ3Ý3Ý- 90.000 Æñ3Ý- 40.000

2

ØÆæ21⁄4¶2ÚÆÜ ̧Æîàð ̧ÜoðÀ ÎÀ êä2êoÜ Ð2Ú2êî2ÜÆ Ðð2ô3⁄4ðÆÜ o2ÐÎ-Ç ÄáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý Ð3ëï3ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ »õ Ø3ñ1áõ Çñ3õáõÝùÝ»ñáõ ·ñ3ë»Ý»3- ÏÇ (o2ÐÎ/ÄÐØƶ) ïÝûñ¿Ý o3ÝÇß È»Ý3ñÇã ÛáÛë áõÝÇ, áñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ ÇßË3ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Å3Ù3- Ý3ÏÇÝ ÏÿáõÕ3ñÏ»Ý o2ÐÎ 1Çïáñ13Ï3Ý 3é3ù»Éáõû3Ý Ññ3õ¿ña 2012 Ãáõ3Ï3ÝÇÝ Ï3Û3Ý3ÉÇù ËáñÑñ13ñ3Ý3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ù3ëÝ3Ïó»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ: 2Ûë Ù3ëÇÝ ̧»Ïï»Ùμ»ñ 6-ÇÝ ìÇÉ- ÝÇõëÇ Ù¿ç ÁÝÃ3óáÕ o2ÐÎ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ·áñÍ»ñáõ Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÝ»ñáõ ËáñÑáõñ1Ç ÝÇëïÇ 3éÃÇõ Ï3-

Û3ó3Í Ù3ÙáõÉÇ 3ëáõÉÇëÇÝ Áë3õ È»Ý3ñÇã: ä3ï3ëË3Ý»Éáí Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ ËáñÑñ13ñ3Ý3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ o2ÐÎ/ÄÐØƶ 1Ç-

ïáñ1Ý»ñáõ Ù3ëÝ3Ïóáõû3Ý Ñ3ñóÇÝ‘ È»Ý3ñÇã Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ»ó. ¦ÞÝáñÑ3Ï3ÉáõÃÇõÝ Ñ3ñóÇ Ñ3- Ù3ñ, ÇÝÍÇ 3éÇà ïáõ3õ å3ï3ëË3Ý»Éáõa ¦»ë ã»Ù ·Çï»ñ§:

ÆÝãå¿ë Áë3õ È»Ý3ñÇã‘ Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÁ ãáõÝÇ å3ïÏ»ñ3óáõÙ, »ñμ »õ ÇÝã ù3Ý3Ïáõ- û3Ùμ 1Çïáñ1Ý»ñ áõÕ3ñÏ»É: ¦êÏÇ1⁄2μÁ ÏÿáõÕ3ñÏ»Ýù Çñ3íÇ×3ÏÇ Ý3ËÝ3Ï3Ý ·Ý3Ñ3ïáÕ ËáõÙμÁ, áñ Ð3Û3ëï3Ý Ïÿ3Ûó»É¿ Ñ3õ3Ý3μ3ñ Û3çáñ1 ï3ñáõ3Û ëÏ1⁄2μÇÝ: 2é3ù»ÉáõÃÇõÝÁ ï»Õ- õáÛÝ íñ3Û ÏÿáõëáõÙÝ3ëÇñ¿ Çñ3íÇ×3ÏÁ, Ù3ëÝ3õáñ3å¿ë, ÏÁ Ñ3Ý1ÇåÇ ÁÝïñ3Ï3Ý ·áñÍÁÝÃ3óÇ μáÉáñ Ù3ëÝ3ÏÇóÝ»ñáõ‘ Ïáõë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ, Éñ3ïáõ3ÙÇçáóÝ»ñáõ, ÇßË3Ý3Ï3Ý ßñç3Ý3ÏÝ»- ñáõ, ù3Õ3ù3óÇ3Ï3Ý Ñ3ë3ñ3Ïáõû3Ý Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇãÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï, áñÙ¿ »ïù, Ñ3õ3ùáõ3Í ï»- Õ»Ï3ïáõáõû3Ý ÑÇÙ3Ý íñ3Û ÏÁ å3ïñ3ëïáõÇ 3é3ç3ñÏáõÃÇõÝ 1Çïáñ13Ï3Ý 3é3ù»Éáõû3Ý ýáñÙ3ïÇ »õ Ó»õÇ í»ñ3μ»ñ»3ɧ:

¦ÎÁ ÷3÷3ùÇÙ Û3ïáõÏ ÁÝ1·Í»É, áñ Ù»Ýù ÛáÛë áõÝÇÝù Å3Ù3Ý3ÏÇÝ ëï3Ý3É Ññ3õ¿ñÁ Ñ3Û- Ï3Ï3Ý ÏáÕÙ¿Ý »õ 1Çïáñ13Ï3Ý 3é3ù»Éáõû3Ý ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ Ïÿ3ÏÝÏ3É»Ýù Ñ3Ù3·áñÍ3ÏóáõÃÇõÝ »õ 3ç3ÏóáõÃÇõÝ: ê3Ï3ÛÝ Ûëï3Ï ýáñÙ3ïÇ Ù3ëÇÝ ÏñÝ3Ýù »Ýù ËûëÇÉ ÙÇ3ÛÝ Ý3ËÝ3Ï3Ý ·Ý3- Ñ3ïáÕ ËáõÙμÇ 3ßË3ï3ÝùÇ 3õ3ñï¿ Û»ïáÛ§, - Áë3õ È»Ý3ñÇã:

ØÇõë ÏáÕÙ¿, Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ùûï ØÇ3ó»3É Ü3Ñ3Ý·Ý»ñáõ 1»ëå3Ý ÖáÝ Ð¿ýÁñÝ Û3ÛïÝ»ó, áñ

2012 »õ 2013 Ãáõ3Ï3ÝÝ»ñáõ ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ï3ñ»õáñ »Ý Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ áõ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ñ»- ÕÇÝ3Ïáõû3Ý Ñ3Ù3ña 3ÙμáÕç 3ßË3ñÑÇ Ù¿ç:

¦21⁄23ïáõÃÇõݧ é3ïÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇ Ñ»ï Ñ3ñó31⁄2ñáÛóÇ ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ Ð¿ýÁñÝ Áë3õ, áñ Ñ3Ï3é3Ï μáÉáñÁ 1Åáõ3ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ áõ Ù3ñï3Ññ3õ¿ñ ÏÁ ï»ëÝ»Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñåÙ3Ý ×3- Ý3å3ñÑÇÝ, ë3Ï3ÛÝ ÇÝù 3ÛÝ Ï3ñÍÇùÇÝ ¿, áñ Ù¿Ï Ñ3ñóÇ ßáõñç μáÉáñÁ Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñÍÇù »Ýa 3ÝÑ- ñ3Å»ßï ¿, áñå»ë1⁄2Ç Û3é3çÇÏ3Û ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÁÉÉ3Ý Ï3ñ»ÉÇáõû3Ý ã3÷ 3ñ13ñ áõ Ã3- ÷3ÝóÇÏ:

¦Î3ñ»õáñ ¿, áñå¿ë1⁄2Ç ÁÉÉ3Ý Ñ3õ3ë3ñ å3ÛÙ3ÝÝ»ñ, áñå¿ë1⁄2Ç μáÉáñ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý áõÅ»ñáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ Éñ3ïáõ3ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÁ Ï3ñáÕ3Ý3Ý ùÇã ÿ ß3ï Ñ3õ3ë3ñ3å¿ë Ñ3ë3Ý»ÉÇ ÁÉÉ3Ý, - ß»ß- ï»ó пýÁñÝ:

Ð2Ú2êî2ÜàôØ 2ÜúÂoô2ÜÜoðÆ ÂÆôÜ 2ôoÈ2ÜàôØ 3⁄4 ¦Ð3Û3ëï3ÝáõÙ ÙÇ3Ï 3Ýûûõ3ÝÝ»ñÇ Ï3ó3ñ3ÝáõÙ ÓÙé3Ý 3Ûë ûñ»ñÇÝ μáÉáñ ï»Õ»ñÁ ëå3éáõ»É »Ý: êáó3å Ý3Ë3ñ3ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ãÇ Ùï3Ñá·õáõÙ 3Ýûûõ3ÝÝ»ñáí: 2ÝïáõÝÝ»ñÁ ÙÝ3ó»É »Ý ËÕ×áí Ù3ñ1Ï3Ýó ÛáÛëÇÝ: ÆÝãDZ Ñ3Ù3ñ ¿ 3Û1 Ï3éáÛóÁ, »Ã¿ Í»ñ»ñÁ 1áõñë »Ý ÙÝ3ó»É: ƱÝã 3Ý»Ýù, »Ã¿ Ýñ3Ýó μ3ËïÁ ãÇ μ»ñ»É§,-3Ûëûñ Ññ3õÇñáõ3Í 3ëáõÉÇëÇÝ 3ë»É ¿ ·ñáÕ, Ññ3å3ñ3- Ï3Ëûë ÈáõëÇÝ¿ ì3Û3û3ÝÁa Ýß»Éáí, áñ ËûëùÁ Ú3ÕÃ3Ý3Ï ·ÇõÕáõÙ ·ïÝáõáÕ Í»ñ»ñÇ ÇÝï»ñ-

Ý3ïÇ Ù3ëÇÝ ¿: ÜáÛÝ 3ëáõÉÇëÇÝ Ù3ëÝ3ÏóáÕ 2ßË3ï3ÝùÇ »õ ëáóÇ3É3Ï3Ý Ñ3ñó»ñÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ ÷áËÝ3Ë3-

ñ3ñ Î3ñÇÝ¿ Ú3Ïáμ»3ÝÝ ¿É, Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ»Éáí ÑÝã3Í ï»ë3Ï¿ïÇ Ñ»ï, Ýß»ó, ÿ 3ÝÑ3ëÏ3Ý3ÉÇ ¿a á±ñÝ ¿ ëáó3å Ý3Ë3ñ3ñáõû3Ý Õ»Ï3í3ñÝ»ñÇ ·áñÍ3éáÛÃÁ:

¦2Ýûûõ3ÝÝ»ñÇ ù3Ý3ÏÁ 3õ»É3ÝáõÙ ¿: Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ ëáóÇ3É3Ï3Ý íÇ×3ÏÁ ëïÇåáõÙ ¿, áñ 3Ù¿Ý ûñ ÙÇ 3Ýûûõ3Ý 3õ»É3Ý3Û: 2Ûë ÷áùñÇÏ å»ïáõÃÇõÝáõÙ å¿ïù ¿ 3Ýûûõ3ÝÝ»ñ ãÉÇÝ»Ý: ä»ïáõÃÇõÝÁ å3ñï3õáñáõ3ÍáõÃÇõÝ áõÝÇ μÝ3Ïãáõû3ÝÁ 3å3Ñáí»Éáõ Ï3ó3ñ3Ýáí§,-3ë»É ¿ ëáó3å Ý3ËÏÇÝ ÷áËÝ3Ë3ñ3ñÁ:

3

ä2ÂàÜ èàôÄ ÊàôØ ́ ØÀ Üàð2¶ÆðÜoðàô ØàôîøÀÐÜâ2Îo2Ü Îàôê2ÎòàôÂo2Ü

Þ2ðøoðÀ

ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3 Ý3Ñ3Ý·Ç ä3ÃáÝ èáõÅ ù3Õ3ùÇ ê ̧ÐÎ ¦ÄÇñ3Ûñ Øáõñ3ï§ Ù3ëÝ3×ÇõÕÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ 3ÝóÝáÕ ß3μ3Ã3í»ñçÇ ûñ»ñÁ »Õ3Ý Ëñ3ËáõëÇã »õ ÛÇß3ï3Ï»ÉÇ: 2ñ13ñ»õ, àõñμ3Ã, ̧»Ïï»Ù- μ»ñ 2ÇÝ »ñ»ÏáÛ»3Ý, ï»ÕõáÛÝ ê. ̧.Ð.Î. ¦ÄÇñ3Ûñ Øáõñ3ï§ Ù3ëÝ3×ÇõÕÇ í3ñãáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ 3Ý13Ù- Ý»ñÁ Çñ»Ýó Ñ»ñÃ3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ý1ÇåáõÙÇÝ ïáõ3Í ¿ÇÝ 3ñï3ëáíáñ »ñ»õáÛÃ: ø3ÝÇ áñ ÐÝã3Ï»3Ý Ø3Ûñ Îáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý ·3Õ3÷3ñ3μ3Ýáõû3Ùμ ïá·áñáõ3Í ËáõÙμ ÙÁ Ñ3õ3ï3õáñ »ñÇï3- ë3ñ1Ý»ñ »Ï3Í ¿ÇÝ Ùáõïù ·áñÍ»Éáõ, Ëï3óÝ»Éáõ ß3ñù»ñÁ Ù»ñ ÷3é3å3ÝÍ Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñåáõ- û3Ý:

Üáñ3·ÇñÝ»ñáõ »ñ1Ù3Ý 3ñ3ñáÕáõû3Ý Ý»ñÏ3Û ¿ñ ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛÇ Í3Ýûà 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝÝ»ñ¿Ý »õ ê. ̧.Ð.Î.Ç Î»1ñáÝ3Ï3Ý ì3ñãáõû3Ý ÝáõÇñ»3É 3Ý13Ù ÁÝÏ. ì31⁄2·¿Ý ¶3ÉÃ3·×»3Ý: 2Ü 3Ûë 3é- ÃÇõ áÕçáõÝ»ó ûÏÝ3ÍáõÝ»ñÝ áõ Èáë 2Ý×»ÉÁë¿Ý Å3Ù3Ý3Í Ïáõë3Ïó3Ï3Ý å3ïáõÇñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ, 1⁄2áñ ÏÁ ·ÉË3õáñ¿ñ 2ñ»õÙï»3Ý 2Ù»ñÇÏ3ÛÇ ì3ñÇã Ø3ñÙÝÇ 3ï»Ý3å»a ÀÝÏ. ì31⁄2·¿Ý Êáï3Ý- »3Ý:

ä3ÃáÝ èáõÅ ù3Õ3ùÇ ê. ̧.Ð.Î.Ç ¦ÄÇñ3Ûñ Øáõñ3ï§ Ù3ëÝ3×ÇõÕÇ 3ï»Ý3å»ï ÁÝÏ. äûÕáë ØáõÃ3ý»3Ý Ù¿Ï 3é Ù¿Ï Í3ÝûÃ3óݻɿ »ïù Ýáñ3·ÇñÝ»ñÁa Ãáõ»ó 3ÝáÝó μ3ñ»Ù3ëÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñå¿ë ·3Õ3÷3ñ3å3ßï »ñÇï3ë3ñ1Ý»ñ, áñáÝù å3ïñ3ëï »Ý Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý ÙÇçáóáí Í3- é3Û»Éáõ Ñ3Û ÅáÕáíáõñ1ÇÝ »õ Ø3Ûñ Ð3Ûñ»ÝÇùÇÝ:

oñ1Ù3Ý 3ñ3ñáÕáõû3Ý ÏÝù3Ñ3Ûñ ÁÝÏ. äûÕáë ØáõÃ3ý»3Ý Ñ3Ûñ»Ý3ëÇñ3Ï3Ý Ïáõé »ÉáÛ- Ãáí ÙÁ ßÝáñÑ3õáñ»ó Ýáñ3·ÇñÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù »Ï3Í ¿ÇÝ Ëï3óÝ»Éáõ ßñç3ÝÇ Ïáõë3Ïó3Ï3Ý ß3ñ- ù»ñÁ: Êûëù 3éÇÝ Ý3»õ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñ ì31⁄2·¿Ý Êáï3Ý»3Ý »õ ¶3μñÇ¿É ØáÉáÛ»3Ý, áñáÝù å3ñ1⁄2»É¿ »ïù Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý áñ1»·ñ3Í áõÕ»·ÇÍÁa Ññ3õÇñ»óÇÝ Ýáñ3·ÇñÝ»ñÁ áñ Çñ»Ýó Í3é3Û3Ï3Ý Ý»ñ1ñáõÙÝ áõÝ»Ý3Ý Û3é3çÇÏ3Û 3ßË3ï3ÝùÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç:

Ð3õ3ùáÛÃÝ 3õ3ñï»ó3õ ¦îáõñ Ò»éù1 ÀÝÏ»ñ§ Ïáõë3Ïó3Ï3Ý Ù3ÕûñùÇ ËÙμ3ÛÇÝ Ï3ï3- ñáõÙáí:

Þ3μ3Ã, ̧»Ïï»Ùμ»ñÇ 3ÇÝ, 2011 Ýáñ3·ÇñÝ»ñáõÝ Ç å3ïÇõ ßù»Õ ×3ßÏ»ñáÛÃ-å3ñ3Ñ3Ý1¿ë ÙÁ ë3ñùáõ»ó3õ Echelon Center ëñ3ÑÇÝ Ù¿ç: oñ»ÏáÝ Ë3Ý13í3é»ó ÉÇμ3Ý3Ý3Ñ3Û ¿ëÃñ3ï3ÛÇÝ ßÝáñÑ3ÉÇ »ñ·Çã ä»ñ× Ü3··3ß»3Ý: Ê3Ý13í3éáõÃÇõÝÝ Çñ ·3·3ÃÝ3Ï¿ïÇÝ Ñ3ë3õ »ñμ ÑÝã»- óÇÝ 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ, Ñ3Ûñ»Ý3ëÇñ3Ï3Ý »õ Û»Õ3÷áË3Ï3Ý »ñ·»ñÁ:

Ü»ñÏ3Ý»ñÁ ÙÇÝã»õ 3é3õûï»3Ý 3é3çÇÝ Å3Ù»ñÁ 3åñ»ó3Ý ÇëÏ3Ï3Ý Ñ3Û3μáÛñ ÙÃÝáÉáñï ÙÁ, áñáõÝ ÝÙ3ÝÁ ß3ï ùÇã 3Ý·3Ù ï»ëÝáõ3Í ¿ 3Ûë Ñ»é3õáñ »õ Ù»ÏáõëÇ ù3Õ3ùÇÝ Ù¿ç:

Ú3çáÕáõÃÇõÝ »õ μ»ÕáõÝ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ Ù3ÕûÝù Çñ ß3ñù»ñÁ Ýáñ3·ÇñÝ»ñáõ ÑáÛÉáí ÙÁ Ëï3óáõó3Í ßñç3ÝÇ ¦ÄÇñ3Ûñ Øáõñ3ï§ Ù3ëÝ3×ÇõÕÇÝ:

¶. Ø.

4

oôð2ØÆàôÂÆôÜàôØ àôð2Ê oÜ Ð2Ú2êî2ÜàôØ îoêÜoÈ §Üàð àô Ú2ô2ÎÜàî¦ ́2ðoöàÊàôØÜoð

îÇ·ñ3Ý ê3ñ·ë»3Ý »õ Þï»ý3Ý üÇõÉ¿

́ñÇõë»É Ï3ï3ñ3Í 3ÛóÇ ßñç3Ý3ÏÝ»ñáõÙ, Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ í3ñã3å»ï îÇ·ñ3Ý ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ Ñ3Ý1Çå»É ¿ oØ ÁÝ1É3ÛÝÙ3Ý »õ »õñáå3Ï3Ý Ñ3ñ»õ3Ýáõû3Ý ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ýáõû3Ý Ñ3ñó»ñáí Û3ÝÓÝ3Ï3ï3ñ Þï»ý3Ý üÇõÉ¿ÇÝ, áõÙ Ñ»ï ùÝÝ3ñÏ»É ¿ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝáõÙ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óáõáÕ μ3ñ»- ÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÇ »õ Ñ3Ù3ï»Õ Íñ3·ñ»ñÇ í»ñ3μ»ñ»3É Ñ3ñó»ñÁ:

Î3é3í3ñáõû3Ý Ù3ÙáõÉÇ Í3é3ÛáõÃÇõÝÇó NEWS.am-ÇÝ Û3ÛïÝáõÙ »Ý, áñ îÇ·ñ3Ý ê3ñ·ë- »3ÝÁ Ýᯐ ¿, áñ Ù»ñ »ñÏÇñÝ 3ÙμáÕçáõû3Ùμ Ï3ï3ñáõÙ ¿ ëï3ÝÓÝ3Í å3ñï3õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ:

¦Ø»Ýù Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÝáõÙ »Ýù Éáõñç »õ Û3õ3ÏÝáï μ3ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÇ Íñ3·Çñ: úñÇÝ3Ï‘ »ñ¿Ï Ñ3Ýñáõû3Ý 13ïÇÝ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óñ»óÇÝù 3ñ1ÇõÝ3μ»ñáõû3Ý 1⁄23ñ·3óÙ3Ý Ýáñ Ñ3Û»ó3Ï3ñ·Á, áñÝ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÝáõÙ »Ýù Ð3Ù3ßË3ñÑ3ÛÇÝ μ3ÝÏÇ ûÅ3Ý13Ïáõû3Ùμ: 2ÛÝ ùÝÝ3ñÏ»óÇÝù ù3Õ3- ù3Ï3Ý Ïáõë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ »õ Ñ3ë3ñ3Ï3Ï3Ý Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï‘ μ3ó ËáñÑñ13Ï- óáõû3Ý Ó»õ3ã3÷áí§,- 3ë»É ¿ í3ñã3å»ïÁ‘ Ýß»Éáí, áñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ñ3ë3ñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝáõÙ Ï3 »õñáå3Ï3Ý áõÕÇáí 3é3ç ß3ñÅáõ»Éáõ í»ñ3μ»ñ»3É É3ÛÝ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝáõÃÇõÝ:

¦Ø»Ýù 3ÏÝÏ3ÉáõÙ »Ýù Ó»ñ 3ç3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ‘ ÊáñÁ »õ Ð3Ù3å3ñ÷3Ï 31⁄23ï 3é»õïñÇ Ñ3- Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3·ñÇ ßáõñç μ3Ý3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ 3ñ3·3óÙ3Ý Ñ3ñóáõÙ§,- Ýᯐ ¿ í3ñã3å»ïÁ:

¦Î3ñÍáõÙ »Ù, áñ Ù»Ýù ß3ï 3ñ1ÇõÝ3õ¿ï 3ßË3ï3Ýù »Ýù Ï3ï3ñáõÙ‘ Ð3Û3ëï3Ý-oõñ3- ÙÇáõÃÇõÝ Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ »õ Ñ3Ù3·áñÍ3Ïóáõû3Ý 1⁄23ñ·3óÙ3Ý ·áñÍáõÙ§,- 3ë»É ¿ üÇõ- É¿Ý: 2Ý1ñ313éÝ3Éáí oØ- Ð3Û3ëï3Ý Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, Þï»ý3Ý üÇõÉ¿Ý Û3ÛïÝ»É ¿, áñ áõ- ñ3Ë ¿ ï»ëÝ»É Ýáñ áõ Û3õ3ÏÝáï μ3ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñ: ̧ñ3Ýù Ù¿Ïï»ÕáõÙ »Ý Ð3Û3ëï3Ý- oØ Û3- ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ 3é3çÝ3ÛÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ, 3Û1 ÃõáõÙ ÊáñÁ »õ Ñ3Ù3å3ñ÷3Ï 31⁄23ï 3é»õïñÇ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3·ÇñÁ:

îÇ·ñ3Ý ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ »õ Þï»ý3Ý üÇõÉ¿Ý 3ñÓ3Ý3·ñ»É »Ý, áñ 3é3çÁÝÃ3ó ¿ ·ñ3Ýóáõ»É »ñÏÏáÕÙ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý »ñÏËûëáõû3Ý áÉáñïáõÙ: Üß»Éáí, áñ 3éÏ3Û ¿ ÐÐ-oØ »ñÏËûëáõû3Ý Ýáñ åÉ3ïýáñÙ, áñáí Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÁ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óñ»É ¿ 33 áõÕÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáí ÙÇçáó3éáõÙÝ»ñÇó Ï31⁄2Ùáõ3Í μ3ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ýáñ ûñ3Ï3ñ·Á: 1⁄4ñáõó3ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ Ï3ñ»õáñ »Ý Ñ3Ù3ñ»É 1ñ3 Ý»ñ- 13ßÝ3Ï»óáõÙÝ áõ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óáõÙÁ‘ áñå¿ë Ù¿Ï ÙÇ3ëÝ3Ï3Ý ÷3ûÃ:

Ð2Ú2êî2ÜÀ ÚÆÞàôØ 3⁄4 êäÆî2ÎÆ 2ôoðÆâ oðÎð2Þ2ðÄÆ

1⁄4àÐoðÆÜ

øë3Ý»ñ»ù ï3ñÇ 3é3ç‘ 1988Ã. ̧»Ïï»Ùμ»ñÇ 7-ÇÝ, Å3ÙÁ 11:41-ÇÝ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÁ óÝóáõ»ó êåÇï3ÏÇ 3õ»ñÇã »ñÏñ3ß3ñÅÇó: Ð1⁄2ûñ ëïáñ»ñÏñ»3Û óÝóáõÙÝ»ñÁ Ï¿ë ñáå¿Ç ÁÝÃ3óùáõÙ 3õ»- ñ»óÇÝ Ñ3Ýñ3å»ïáõû3Ý ÑÇõëÇë3ÛÇÝ Ù3ëÁ‘1 ÙÉÝ. μÝ3Ïãáõû3Ùμ: oñÏñ3ß3ñÅÇ ¿åÇÏ»Ýïñá- ÝáõÙ‘ êåÇï3ÏáõÙ, ëïáñ»ñÏñ»3Û óÝóáõÙÝ»ñÇ áõÅ·ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï31⁄2Ù»É ¿ñ 10 μ3É (12 μ3É3Ýáó ë3Ý1Õ3ÏáõÙ): òÝóáõÙÝ»ñÁ ·ñ3Ýóáõ»É ¿ÇÝ Ý3»õ oñ»õ3ÝáõÙ »õ ÂμÇÉÇëáõÙ:

Ø3ëÝ3·¿ïÝ»ñÇ Ñ3ßáõ3ñÏÝ»ñáí‘ »ñÏñ3ß3ñÅÇ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï »ñÏñ3ϻջõÇ ×»ÕùÙ3Ý ·ûïáõÙ 3ñï3Ý»ïáõ3Í ¿Ý»ñ·Ç3ÛÇ Ñ1⁄2ûñáõÃÇõÝÁ Ñ3Ù3ñÅ¿ù ¿ñ 1945 Ã. ÐÇñáëÇÙ3ÛÇ íñ3Û Ý»ïáõ3Í éáõÙμÇ ÝÙ3Ý ï3ëÁ 3ïáÙ3ÛÇÝ éáõÙμ»ñÇ å3ÛÃÇõÝÇ áõÅ·Ýáõû3ÝÁ: oñÏñ3ß3ñÅÇ 3é3ç3óñ3Í 3ÉÇùÁ ·ñ3Ýóáõ»É ¿ñ oõñáå3ÛÇ, 2ëÇ3ÛÇ, 2Ù»ñÇÏ3ÛÇ »õ 2õëïñ3ÉÇ3ÛÇ É3μáñ3ïáñÇ3Ý»ñáõÙ:

ä3ßïûÝ3Ï3Ý ïáõ»3ÉÝ»ñáí‘ 1⁄2áÑáõ»É ¿ñ 3õ»ÉÇ ù3Ý 25 Ñ31⁄2. Ù3ñ1, 19 Ñ31⁄23ñÁ 13ñÓ»É ¿ñ Ñ3ßÙ3Ý13Ù, 530 000 μÝ3ÏÇã 3Ýûûõ3Ý ¿ñ ÙÝ3ó»É:

5

oñÏñ3ß3ñÅÇ 3ñ1ÇõÝùáõÙ ÑÇÙÝ3õáñ3å¿ë 3õ»ñáõ»É ¿ñ êåÇï3Ï ù3Õ3ùÁ: 2õ»ñáõ»É ¿ÇÝ 21 ù3Õ3ù »õ 3õ3Ý, 324 ·ÇõÕ, áãÝã3óáõ»É ¿ñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ù»Íáõû3Ùμ »ñÏñáñ1 ù3Õ3ùÇ‘ È»ÝÇ- Ý3Ï3ÝÇ (Ý»ñÏ3ÛÇë ¶ÇõÙñÇ) μÝ3Ï3ñ3Ý3ÛÇÝ, ëáóÇ3É3Ï3Ý »õ 3ñï31ñ3Ï3Ý ýáÝ1Ç 80%-Á: 2õ»ñ3ÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ¿ÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó»É Ý3»õ Ñ3Ýñ3å»ïáõû3Ý »ññáñ1 ù3Õ3ùáõÙ‘ ÎÇñáí3Ï3- ÝáõÙ (Ý»ñÏ3ÛÇë ì3Ý3Óáñ): oñÏñ3ß3ñÅÁ ß3ñùÇó Ñ3Ý»É ¿ñ Ñ3Ýñ3å»ïáõû3Ý 3ñ1ÇõÝ3μ»ñ3- Ï3Ý åáï»ÝóÇ3ÉÇ Ùûï 40%-Á:

2Û1 Å3Ù3Ý3Ï Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇÝ û·Ýáõû3Ý Ó»éù Ù»ÏÝ»óÇÝ áÕç ÊáñÑñ13ÛÇÝ ØÇáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ 3ßË3ñÑÁ:

Þoô2ð ̧Ü2Ò3⁄4. Ð2ÚoðÀ Î2ðàÔ oÜ öàÊoÈ 2æ2ðÆ2ÚÆ ÄàÔàìð ̧2¶ð2Î2Ü Æð2ìÆÖ2ÎÀ

ìñ3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ 3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Þ»õ3ñ1Ý3Ó¿

ìñ3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ 3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Þ»õ3ñ1Ý3Ó¿Ý Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÝ 2ç3ñÇ3ÛÇÝ Ï3åáÕ áõÕÇÕ 3õïáÙ3ÛñáõÕáõ ßÇÝ3ñ3ñáõû3Ý ·áñÍáõÙ ëå3éÝ3ÉÇù ¿ ï»ëÝáõÙ, Ñ3Õáñ1áõÙ ¿ ¦¶éáõ1⁄2- Ç3 Online§-Á:

¦2Ûë Ý3Ë3·ÇÍÁ Ï3ñáÕ ¿ ÅáÕáíñ13·ñ3Ï3Ý ËÝ1ÇñÝ»ñ 3é3ç3óÝ»É ìñ3ëï3ÝáõÙ§,- ¦2ë3õ3É- ̧3ë3õ3Éǧ ß3μ3Ã3ûñÃÇÝ ïáõ3Í Ñ3ñó31⁄2ñáÛóáõÙ Û3ÛïÝ»É ¿ Þ»õ3ñ1Ý3Ó¿Ý:

ÚÇß»óÝ»Ýù, áñ Ý3Ëáñ1 ß3μ3à Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ ìñ3ëï3Ý Ï3- ï3ñ3Í 3ÛóÇ ÁÝÃ3óùáõÙ Çñ ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñ ØÇË3ÛÇÉ ê3Ñ3Ï3ßíÇÉÇÇ Ñ»ï ùÝÝ3ñÏ»É ¿ ×3Ý3å3ñ- ÑÇ ßÇÝ3ñ3ñáõû3ÝÝ 3éÝãáõáÕ Ñ3ñó»ñ: Üñ3Ýù å3ÛÙ3Ý3õáñáõ»É »Ý 3ñ3·3óÝ»É Ð3Û3ë- ï3ÝÝ áõ ́3ÃáõÙÇÝ ÙÇ3óÝáÕ ×3Ý3å3ñÑÇ ßÇÝ3ñ3ñáõû3Ý ·áñÍ Þ»õ3ñ1Ý3Ó¿. Ð3Û»ñÁ Ï3ñáÕ »Ý ÷áË»É 2ç3ñÇ3ÛÇ ÅáÕáíñ13·ñ3Ï3Ý Çñ3íÇ×3ÏÁ

ìñ3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ 3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Þ»õ3ñ1Ý3Ó¿Ý Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÝ 2ç3ñÇ3ÛÇÝ Ï3åáÕ áõÕÇÕ 3õïáÙ3ÛñáõÕáõ ßÇÝ3ñ3ñáõû3Ý ·áñÍÁÝÃ3óÁ: ê3Ñ3Ï3ßíÇÉÇÝ Ýᯐ ¿, áñ 13 3õ»ÉÇ ÏÁ Ù»Í3óÝÇ Ñ3Û 1⁄2μûë3ßñçÇÏÝ»ñÇ ÑáëùÁ ìñ3ëï3Ý:

ØÇ»õÝáÛÝ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï, Þ»õ3ñ1Ý3Ó¿Ý í3Ë»ÝáõÙ ¿ ÅáÕáíñ13·ñ3Ï3Ý å3ïÏ»ñÇ ÷á÷áËáõ- ÃÇõÝÇó:

Ô2ð2 ́2ÔÆ ́2Ü2ÎÜ 2è2æÆÜ 2ܶ2Ø ú¶î2¶àðÌoÈ 3⁄4 2Üú ̧2âàô ÂèâàÔ ê2ðøoð

Ð3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý 3ñï31ñáõû3Ý 3Ýû13ãáõ ÃéãáÕ ë3ñù

6

È»éÝ3ÛÇÝ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ ä3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý μ3Ý3ÏÁ 1⁄2ûñ3í3ñÅáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ ÁÝÃ3óùáõÙ Ñ»- ï3Ëáõ1⁄23Ï3Ý ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ Ñ3õ3ù3·ñ»Éáõ Ýå3ï3Ïáí 3õ3Ý13Ï3Ý Ù»Ãá1Ý»ñÇó μ3óÇ Ï»Ýë3Ï3Ýûñ¿Ý û·ï3·áñÍ»É ¿ Ý3»õ 3Ýû13ãáõ ÃéãáÕ ë3ñù»ñÇ ÑÝ3ñ3õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: 2Û1 Ù3- ëÇÝ NEWS.am-ÇÝ Û3ÛïÝ»ó ÈÔÐ å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý μ3Ý3ÏÇ Ù3ÙáõÉÇ ù3ñïáõÕ3ñ ê»Ýáñ Ð3ë- ñ3û3ÝÁ:

ÚÇß»óÝ»Ýù, áñ Ñ3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý 3ñï31ñáõû3Ý 3Ýû13ãáõ ÃéãáÕ ë3ñù»ñÝ 3é3çÇÝ 3Ý·3Ù óáõ- ó31ñáõ»É »Ý Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 3ÝÏ3Ëáõû3Ý 20-3Ù»3ÏÇ Ï3å3Ïóáõû3Ùμ ê»åï»Ùμ»ñÇ 21-ÇÝ oñ»õ3ÝÇ Ð3Ýñ3å»ïáõû3Ý Ññ3å3ñ3ÏáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í 1⁄2ûñ3Ñ3Ý1¿ëÇ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï:

2õ»ÉÇ í3Õ È»éÝ3ÛÇÝ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ å3ßïå3Ý3Ï3Ý μ3Ý3ÏÇ ëïáñ3μ3Å3ÝáõÙÝ»ñÁ Õ3ñ3- μ3Õ3-31ñμ»ç3Ý3Ï3Ý 1⁄2ûñù»ñÇ ß÷Ù3Ý ·ÍáõÙ áãÝã3óñ»É ¿ÇÝ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ 1⁄2ÇÝáõÅÇ 3Ýû13ãáõ ÙÇ ë3ñù:

ê2Øàô3⁄4È ÜÆÎào2ÜÀ ÀÜîðàôoò 21⁄4¶2ÚÆÜ ÄàÔàìÆ Ü2Ê2¶2Ð

21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíÁ Ýáñ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ê3Ùáõ¿É ÜÇÏá»3Ý Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíÁ Ýáñ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ áõÝÇ: oñ»ùß3μÃÇ, ̧»Ïï»Ùμ»ñ 5-ÇÝ Ï3Û3-

ó3Í ÷3Ï, ·3ÕïÝÇ ùáõ¿ñ3Ïáõû3Ý 3ñ1ÇõÝùÝ»ñáí 102 ÏáÕÙ Ó3ÛÝ»ñáí ËáñÑñ13ñ3ÝÇ Ëûë- Ý3Ï ÁÝïñáõ»ó Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ñ3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3Ý Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇã ê3Ùáõ¿É ÜÇÏá- Û»3ÝÁ:

ÊáñÑñ13ñ3ÝÇ Õ»Ï3í3ñÇ Ã3÷áõñ ï»ÕÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ å3Ûù3ñáõÙ ¿ÇÝ »ñÏáõ ûÏÝ3ÍáõÝ»ñ‘ Ð3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3ÝÇó ê3Ùáõ¿É ÜÇÏáÛ»3ÝÁ »õ ÁÝ11ÇÙ31Çñ ¦Ä3é3Ý·áõÃÇõݧ-Çó È3ñÇë3 2É3- õ»ñ1»3ÝÁ: ì»ñçÇÝë ëï3ó3õ ÁÝ13Ù¿ÝÁ 4 ÏáÕÙ Ó3ÛÝ:

ÀÝïñáõÃÇõÝÇó Û»ïáÛ ÜÇÏáÛ»3ÝÁ ÙÇ3Ý·3ÙÇó ãÝëï»ó ËáñÑñ13ñ3ÝÇ Õ»Ï3í3ñÇ Çñ Ýáñ 3ÃáéÇÝ: Ü3 ëÏ1⁄2μáõÙ Ùûï»ó3õ Çñ Ùñó3ÏóÇÝ‘ È3ñÇë3 2É3õ»ñ1»3ÝÇÝ, Ýñ3Ý Í3ÕÇÏÝ»ñ ÝáõÇ- ñ»ó: ä3ï·3Ù3õáñÝ»ñÁ μáõéÝ Í3÷»ñáí 3ñÓ3·3Ý·»óÇÝ ÜÇÏáÛ»3ÝÇ 3Ûë ù3ÛÉÇÝ:

Ð3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3ÝÇ Ã»ÏÝ3ÍáõÝ áõÝ¿ñ Ïá3ÉÇóÇáÝ »ñ»ù Ïáõë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ 3ç3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ: ¦Ä3é3Ý·áõÃÇõݧ-Á í»ó å3ï·3Ù3õáñáí ¿ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõ3Í ËáñÑñ13ñ3ÝáõÙ: àñ»õ¿ Ù»ÏÇ Ñ3- Ù3ñ ùáõ¿3ñÏáõû3Ý í»ñçÝ3ñ1ÇõÝùÁ 3Ý3ÏÝÏ3É ã¿ñ, μ3Ûó 13 ãË3Ý·3ñ»ó ¦Ä3é3Ý·áõû3ݧ- Á 3é3ç31ñáõÙ Ï3ï3ñ»É ËáñÑñ13ñ3ÝÇ Õ»Ï3í3ñÇ Ã3÷áõñ ï»ÕÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ: ÆÝãå¿ë ð3ýýÇ ÚáíÑ3ÝÝÇë»3ÝÁ 3ë3ó Çñ »ÉáÛÃáõÙ‘ Çõñ3ù3ÝãÇõñ Ñ3Û Ù3ñ1 áõÝ3Ï ¿ 3ÛÉÁÝïñ3Ýù ëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ: ¦Ä3é3Ý·áõû3ݧ ûÏÝ3ÍáõÇÝ ãå3ßïå3Ý»ó ̧3ßÝ3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ: ÜÇÏáÛ»3ÝÁ »Õ»É ¿ »ñÏáõ ·áõ- Ù3ñáõÙÝ»ñÇ 21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíÇ å3ï·3Ù3õáñ, 2008-ÇÝ Õ»Ï3í3ñ»É ¿ Ù3ñïÇÙ¿Ï»3Ý Çñ313ñ- ÓáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõëáõÙÝ3ëÇñáÕ ËáñÑñ13ñ3Ý3Ï3Ý Ý3ËÏÇÝ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï3õáñ Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÁ, 3å3 13ñÓ»É 2Ä-Ç ÷áËÝ3Ë3·3Ñ:

ÀÝ11ÇÙ31Çñ Ð3Û 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÏáÝ·ñ»ëÇ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ åÝ1áõÙ »Ý, áñ ¦Ø3ñïÇ 1-Ç μ3- ó3Û3ÛïáõÙÁ ï3å3ÉáÕÝ»ñÁ å3ñ·»õ3ïñõáõÙ »Ý§: Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíÇ ÷áËÝ3Ë3·3Ñ ÁÝïñáõ»ó Ð3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3Ý Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý å3ï·3Ù3õáñ 3⁄41áõñ31 Þ3ñÙ31⁄23ÝáíÁ: Üñ3 û·ïÇÝ ùáõ¿3ñÏ»É ¿ 92 å3ï·3Ù3õáñ 98 ùáõ¿3ñ- ÏáÕÇó: ÀÝ11ÇÙ31Çñ ¦Ä3é3Ý·áõÃÇõݧ ËÙμ3Ïóáõû3Ý Ã»ÏÝ3Íáõ 2ñÙ¿Ý Ø3ñïÇñáë»3ÝÇ û·- ïÇÝ ùáõ¿3ñÏ»É ¿ 6 å3ï·3Ù3õáñ:

7

ÀÜ ̧ ̧ÆØ2 ̧ÆðÜoðÀ 2ð ̧2ð ÀÜîðàôÂÆôÜÜoðÆ ÊàêîØ2ÜÀ âoÜ Ð2ô2îàôØ

ÀÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï ÑÝ3ñ3õáñ ÁÝïñ3Ë3ËïáõÙÝ»ñÁ Ï3ÝË»Éáõ í»ñ3μ»ñ»3É ̧»Ï- ï»Ùμ»ñ 6-ÇÝ oñ»õ3ÝÇ ¦ÎáÝ·ñ¿ë§ ÑÇõñ3ÝáóáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í ùÝÝ3ñÏÙ3Ý Å3Ù3Ý3Ï ÝÙ3Ý Ñ3Ùá1⁄2ÙáõÝù Û3ÛïÝ»óÇÝ ü»ÉÇùë Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ‘ Ð3Û 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÏáÝ·ñ¿ëÇó, 2ñÙ¿Ý Ø3ñïÇñáë- »3ÝÁ‘ ¦Ä3é3Ý·áõÃÇõÝÇó§, 2ñÍáõÇÏ ØÇÝ3ë»3ÝÁ‘ Ð3Û Ú»Õ3÷áË3Ï3Ý ̧3ßÝ3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÇó »õ 2ñÙ¿Ý 2é3ù»É»3ÝÁ‘ ¦21⁄23ï 1»ÙáÏñ3ïÝ»ñ§ Ïáõë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÇó:

¦Ø¿Ï Ù3ñ1áõ Ï3ÙùÇó ¿ Ï3Ëáõ3Í ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ ÝáñÙ3É 3ÝóÏ3óáõÙÁ, áñáíÑ»ï»õ Ð3- Û3ëï3ÝÁ ÷áùñ »ñÏÇñ ¿, μáÉáñÇë 3ãùÇ 3é3ç ¿, μáÉáñë ï»ëÝáõÙ »Ýù§, - Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ»ó ü»ÉÇùë Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ, áí »Õ»É ¿ λÝïñáÝ3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñ3Ï3Ý Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ 3Ý13Ù, Ù3Ýñ3- Ù3ëÝ»Éáí, áñ Çñ ÏáÕÙÇó Ýßáõ3Í ¦Ù¿Ï Ù3ñ1Á§, áõÙ Ï3ÙùÇó ¿ Ï3Ëáõ3Í 3é3çÇÏ3Û ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝ- Ý»ñÇ ÝáñÙ3É 3ÝóÏ3óáõÙÁ, Ð3Ýñ3å»ïáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3·3ÑÝ ¿:

Þ3ñáõÝ3Ï»Éáí, Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ ÛÇß»óñ»ó, áñ λÝïñáÝ3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñ3Ï3Ý Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ¶3ñ»·ÇÝ 21⁄23ñ»3ÝÇ Ù3Ñáõ3ÝÇó Û»ïáÛ, ÎÀÚ-áõÙ 3ÝóÏ3óáõ»ÉÇù ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇó 6 ûñ 3é3ç ûñûñÁ ·ñ»óÇÝ, áñ îÇ·ñ3Ý ØáõÏáõã»3ÝÁ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ ¿ Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ:

¦ ̧» ÑÇÙ3 »Ï¿ù 3ë¿ù, áñ λÝïñáÝ3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñ3Ï3Ý Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÁ 3ÝÏ3Ë å»ï3Ï3Ý Ù3ñÙÇÝ ¿§, - »1⁄2ñ3÷3Ï»ó ü»ÉÇùë Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ‘ Ï3ñÍÇù Û3ÛïÝ»Éáí, áñ ÝÙ3Ý å3ÛÙ3ÝÝ»ñáõÙ ÁÝïñáõ3Í ÉÇÝ»Éáí‘ îÇ·ñ3Ý ØáõÏáõã»3ÝÁ Ï3ï3ñ»Éáõ ¿ ÇßË3ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Ï3ÙùÁ: - ¦3⁄4É Ç±Ýã Ï3ÙùÇ Ù3ëÇÝ ¿ ËûëùÁ: Î3ÙùÁ Ó»ñ Ó»éùáõÙ ¿, ÇÝã áõ1⁄2áõÙ »ù‘ 3ÝáõÙ »ù§:

¦21⁄23ïáõÃÇõݧ é31ÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇ Ñ3ñóÇÝ‘ »Ã¿ íëï3Ñ »Ý, áñ ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ï»ÕÍáõ»Éáõ »Ý, Ð3Û 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÏáÝ·ñ¿ëÁ ÙÇ»õÝáÛÝÝ ¿‘ Ù3ëÝ3Ïó»Éá±õ ¿ ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, Ð2Î-Ç Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇã ü»ÉÇùë Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ å3ï3ëË3Ý»ó. - ¦Ø»Ýù 13 1»é ã»Ýù ùÝÝ3ñÏ»É, μ3Ûó »ë Ï3ñÍáõÙ »Ù, áñ 3Ûá, Ý3Ñ3Ýç»ÉÁ ëË3É ¿: Ø»Ýù å¿ïù ¿ Ù3ëÝ3Ïó»Ýù, å3Ûù3ñ»Ýù: ä3ñï31Çñ ã¿, áñ Ù»Ýù ÇßË3Ýáõû3Ý Ñ3ëÝ»Ýù: Ø»ñ ËÝ1ÇñÁ ÇßË3ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÅáÕáíñ1ÇÝ ï3ÉÝ ¿: ̻ͻÝù, Í»Íáõ»Ýù... DZÝã 3Ý»Ýù: ¶Ý3Ýù Ýëï»Ýù Ù»ñ ï3ÝÁ‘ Ïÿ3ë»Ý É3õ ¿: êË3É ¿ ãÙ3ëÝ3Ïó»ÉÁ: ÆÙ Ï3ñÍÇùÝ ¿ 13, áã ÎáÝ·ñ¿ëǧ:

ì21⁄4¶3⁄4Ü Ø2ÜàôÎo2ÜÀ ÀÜîðàôÂÆôÜÜoðÆ 2ð ̧ÆôÜøàôØ §3⁄42Î2ܦ

öàöàÊàôÂÆôÜÜoð âÆ 2ÎÜÎ2ÈàôØ 21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý ÙÇáõÃÇõÝ Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý Õ»Ï3í3ñ ì31⁄2·¿Ý Ø3ÝáõÏ»3ÝÁ

3é3çÇÏ3Û ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ 3ñ1ÇõÝùáõÙ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý 13ßïáõÙ ¿3Ï3Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ãÇ 3ÏÝÏ3ÉáõÙ:

¦êáóÇáÉá·Ç3Ï3Ý Ñ3ñóáõÙÝ»ñÇó, ÇÙ 1Çï3ñÏáõÙÝ»ñÇó, Ý3Ëáñ1 ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ ÷áñÓÁ Ñ3ßáõÇ 3éÝ»Éáí‘ åÇïÇ áñ Ùûï3õáñ3å¿ë ÝáÛÝ 3ñ1ÇõÝùÝ»ñÁ ÉÇݻݧ, - oñÏáõß3μÃÇ ûñÁ ¦21⁄23- ïáõÃÇõݧ é31ÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇ Ñ»ï 1⁄2ñáÛóáõÙ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ»ó Ø3ÝáõÏ»3ÝÁ: - ¦Ð3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3Ý Ïáõ- ë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ μÝ3Ï3Ý ¿, áñ åÇïÇ ÉÇÝÇ [Ù3Ý13ïÝ»ñ] í»ñóÝÇ: Ð3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3Ý Ïáõë3Ïóáõ- û3Ý »õ ¦ ́3ñ·3õ3× Ð3Û3ëï3Ýǧ ÙÇç»õ ¿ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ Ó3ÛÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í Ù3ëÇ å3Ûù3ñÁ, »õ Ï3ñÍáõÙ »Ù, áñ Ð3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3Ý Ïáõë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ Çñ 3ñ1ÇõÝùÁ Ñ3Ù3ñ»3 ÏÁ ÏñÏÝÇ‘ ÙÇ ùÇã 3Ûë ÏáÕÙ, ÙÇ ùÇã 3ÛÝ ÏáÕÙ§:

21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý ÙÇáõû3Ý Õ»Ï3í3ñÁ Û3õ»É»ó, ÿ ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝ Ï3ñáÕ ¿ ÉÇ- Ý»É ÁÝ11ÇÙ31Çñ 13ßïáõÙ, áñï»Õ ð3ýýÇ ÚáíÑ3ÝÝÇë»3ÝÇ ï»ÕÁ Ï3ñáÕ ¿ 1⁄2μ3Õ»óÝ»É È»õáÝ î¿ñ-ä»ïñáë»3ÝÁ:

8

Ð3ñóÇÝ, ÿ 21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý ÙÇáõÃÇõÝÁ Ù3ëÝ3Ïó»Éá±õ ¿ 3é3çÇÏ3Û ËáñÑñ- 13ñ3Ý3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, ì31⁄2·¿Ý Ø3ÝáõÏ»3ÝÁ å3ï3ëË3Ý»ó‘ 13 Ïáõë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ åÇïÇ áñáßÇ:

¦Øûï Å3Ù3Ý3ÏÝ»ñë »ñ»õÇ Ï3Ù í3ñãáõû3Ý ÝÇëïáí, Ï3Ù ËáñÑñ1Ç ÝÇëïáí Ïÿáñáßáõǧ, - 3ë3ó Ý3:

ÆÝã í»ñ3μ»ñáõÙ ¿ Ð3Û 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÏáÝ·ñ¿ë - ¦ ́3ñ·3õ3× Ð3Û3ëï3ݧ ÑÝ3ñ3õáñ Ñ3Ù3·áñ- Í3Ïóáõû3Ý Ù3ëÇÝ Ëûë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, ì31⁄2·¿Ý Ø3ÝáõÏ»3ÝÇ Ï3ñÍÇùáí‘ ¦1ñ3Ýù ëáíáñ3- Ï3Ý ÁÝïñ3Ï3Ý ï»ËÝáÉá·Ç3Ý»ñ »Ý§:

§Üàð Ä2Ø2Ü2ÎÜoð¦-À êoö2Î2Ü òàôò2Îàì ÎÀ ¶Ü2Ú ÀÜîðàôÂÆôÜÜoðÆ

¦Üáñ Ä3Ù3Ý3ÏÝ»ñ§ Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý 2ñ3Ù Î3ñ3å»ï»3Ý

̧»Ïï»Ùμ»ñÇ 2-ÇÝ ÐÐ Î3é3í3ñáõû3Ý ÝÇëï»ñÁ ï»ÕÇ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É ¦Üáñ Ä3Ù3Ý3ÏÝ»ñ§ Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý 6-ñ1 Ñ3ßáõ»ïáõ-í»ñÁÝïñ3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3·áõÙ3ñÁ: 2Û1 3éÇÃáí Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý Ù3ÙáõÉÇ Í3é3ÛáõÃÇõÝÁ ï3ñ3Í»É ¿ Ñ3Õáñ13·ñáõÃÇõÝ, áñáõÙ 3ëõáõÙ ¿, áñ Ñ3Ù3·áõÙ3ñÇ ÁÝ- Ã3óùáõÙ Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý 3é3çÝáñ1 2ñ3Ù Î3ñ3å»ï»3ÝÁ Ñ3Ù3ÏáÕÙ3ÝÇûñ¿Ý Ý»ñÏ3Û3óñ»É ¿ »ñÏñáõÙ ÁÝÃ3óáÕ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý åñáó¿ëÝ»ñÁ:

Ð3Ù3·áõÙ3ñÁ ÙÇ3Ó3ÛÝ 2ñ3Ù Î3ñ3å»ï»3ÝÇÝ í»ñÁÝïñ»É ¿ Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3·3Ñ »õ ÁÝïñ»É ¿ 5 Ñá·áõó μ3ÕÏ3ó3Í ì3ñãáõÃÇõÝ:

¦Ð3Ù3·áõÙ3ñÝ ÁÝ1áõÝ»ó »ñÏáõ Ï3ñ»õáñ3·áÛÝ áñáßáõÙ‘ Ï3åáõ3Í 3é3çÇÏ3Û Ñ3Ù3å»- ï3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ ÜÄÎ Ù3ëÝ3Ïóáõû3Ý Ñ3ñóÇÝ »õ oõñ3ëÇ3Ï3Ý ÙÇáõû3ÝÁ ÐÐ-Ç 3Ý- 13Ù3·ñáõ»Éáõ ËÝ1ñÇÝ: ¦Üáñ Ä3Ù3Ý3ÏÝ»ñ§ Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý 6- ñ1 Ñ3Ù3·áõÙ3ñÁ áñáßáõÙ ¿, áñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ð3Ýñ3å»ïáõÃÇõÝÁ 3Ýí»ñ3å3Ñûñ¿Ý å¿ïù ¿ ÙÇ3Ý3Û 2011 Ãáõ3Ï3ÝÇ ÜáÛ»Ù- μ»ñÇ 18-ÇÝ ØáëÏáõ3ÛáõÙ‘ èáõë3ëï3ÝÇ ̧3ßÝáõû3Ý, Ô31⁄23Ëëï3ÝÇ »õ ́»ÉáéáõëÇ Õ»Ï3í3ñ- Ý»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ¦oõñ3ëÇ3Ï3Ý ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý ÙÇáõÃÇõݧ ëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ Ù3ëÇÝ 3ñ1¿Ý ëïáñ3·ñáõ3Í Ûáõß3·ñÇݧ:

ÆÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ ¦Üáñ Å3Ù3Ý3ÏÝ»ñ§ Ïáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý 6-ñ1 Ñ3Ù3·áõÙ3ñÁ áñáᯐ ¿, áñ ë»- ÷3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñ3óáõó3Ïáí ÏÁ Ù3ëÝ3ÏóÇ 2012 Ãáõ3Ï3ÝÇÝ 3ÝóÏ3óáõ»ÉÇù ËáñÑñ13ñ3Ý3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, »õ ë»÷3Ï3Ý Ã»ÏÝ3Íáõáí‘ ÐÐ Ü3Ë3·3ÑÇ ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ:

Öú ä2ÚîÀÜ 3⁄4ðîàÔ2ÜÆ Ðoî øÜÜ2ðÎ2Ì 3⁄4

Ð2Ú-Âðø2Î2Ü Ú2ð2 ́oðàôÂÆôÜÜoðÀ ØÇ3ó»3É Ü3Ñ3Ý·Ý»ñáõ ÷áËÝ3Ë3·3Ñ Öû ä3ÛïÁÝ ÂáõñùÇ3 Ï3ï3ñ3Í 3ÛóÇ ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝa Ñ3Ý1Çå3Í ¿ Ý3»õ ÂáõñùÇáÛ í3ñã3å»ï è»×¿å Â3ÛÇ÷ 3⁄4ñïáÕ3ÝÇ Ñ»ï: Ð3Ý1ÇåÙ3Ý ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ ä3ÛïÁÝ ÛáÛë Û3ÛïÝ3Í ¿, áñ ÂáõñùÇáÛ ËáñÑñ13ñ3ÝÁ Û3é3çÇÏ3Û 3ÙÇëÝ»ñáõÝ ·áñÍÝ3Ï3Ý ù3ÛÉ»ñ åÇïÇ Ó»éÝ3ñÏ¿‘ Ñ3Û-Ãñù3Ï3Ý

3ñÓ3Ý3·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ í3õ»ñ3óÙ3Ý ·áñÍÁÝÃ3óÁ 3é3ç ÙÕ»Éáõ áõÕÕáõû3Ùμ: Ð3Ý1ÇåÙ3Ý ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ ùÝÝ3ñÏáõ3Í ¿ Ý3»õ ÎÇåñáëÇ Ñ3ñóÁ, 3Ñ3μ»Ïãáõû3Ý 1¿Ù å3Ûù3ñÇ, 3é»õïñ3ÛÇÝ

Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ 1⁄23ñ·3óÙ3Ý, Ý»ñ1ñáõÙÝ»ñáõ Í3õ3ÉÝ»ñáõ Ù»Í3óÙ3Ý 3éÝãáõáÕ Ñ3ñó»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ Çñ31ñáõÃÇõÝÁ 2ñ3μ3Ï3Ý »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç:

9

OSCE Minsk Group Ministers: No Military Solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict

VILNIUS, LITHUANIA — On the sidelines of the OSCE Ministerial Council’s meeting in Vil- nius, the heads of delegations representing the OSCE Minsk Group co-chairing countries, and the foreign ministers of Armenia and Azerbaijan adopted a joint statement on Nagorno-Karabakh.

According to the statement, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, and Minister for European Affairs of France Jean Leonetti, as well as Ar- menian and Azerbaijani FMs Edward Nalbandyan and Elmar Mammadyarov reaffirmed the impor- tance of reaching a peaceful settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

Recalling the November 2008 Moscow Declaration, as well as their countries’ statements at the OSCE Ministerial Council meetings in Helsinki (2008) and Athens (2009), and at the OSCE Summit in Astana (2010), the five delegations head agreed on the need to continue the negotiation process in the OSCE Minsk Group format and to improve the climate for making progress towards a peace- ful settlement. As one of the steps in this direction, they agreed that further efforts should be made to work on the details of the mechanism to investigate ceasefire violations that followed Presidents Aliyev, Sargsyan, and Medvedev’s joint statement at the March 2011 Sochi summit.

Noting the May 2011 statement of their Presidents at Deauville, which urged Armenia and Azerbaijan to finalize the Basic Principles for the Peaceful Settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, the Heads of Delegation of the Minsk Group co-chair Countries expressed regret that the parties have been unable to take this decisive step. The three delegation heads reiterated that there can be no military solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and that the United Nations Charter, the Principles of the Helsinki Final Act, and the elements outlined in the joint statements of their Presidents at L’Aquila in July 2009 and Muskoka in June 2010 offer the way for all sides to move beyond the unacceptable status quo to reach a peaceful settlement. In light of the intensive negotia- tions conducted since the 2007 OSCE Ministerial Council in Madrid, including at the highest level, the three delegation heads urged the parties to give further careful consideration to the co-chairing countries’ proposals.

The foreign ministers of Azerbaijan and Armenia appreciated the efforts of the co-chairing coun- tries, including the personal engagement of Presidents Medvedev, Obama, and Sarkozy, in assisting their countries to elaborate a framework for a comprehensive peace settlement. They informed the co-chairing countries’ delegation heads that their presidents are ready tohold another joint meeting in the near future to continue their direct dialogue, based upon recent experience, on how to bring peace, stability, and prosperity to their peoples.

10

23 Years After Devastating Earthquake Dec 7 Continues to Symbolize Mourning

YEREVAN -- The disastrous earthquake that rocked Armenia 23 years ago on this day contin- ues to remain a symbol of mourning for many.

One thirds of the country, including the second and third largest cities of Gyumri and Vanadzor (the former also considered Armenia's cultural capital) turned into a disaster zone. The earthquake, whose epicenter was the northern town of Spitak. claimed 25,000-30,000 lives, leaving thousands homeless.

Despite promises by Armenia’s successive governments to eliminate the consequences of the quake and stamp out the very notion of the ‘Disaster Zone’, many residents in Gyumri, Spitak and dozens of towns and villages in the area continue to feel the impact of the tragedy even today.

According to the official website of the Emergency Situations Ministry, the aftermaths of the quake came to prove that the seismic protection system in the then Soviet Union was underdevel- oped, with most buildings lacking cement on panels, and the society not being skilled enough to re- spond to emergencies.

The heavy losses resulting from the 1988 devastating earthquake should be a good lesson for Armenia, a seismic expert has stated.

Gurgen Namalian, the head of an Emergency Situations Ministry department dealing with seis- mic protection of buildings, told reporters on Wednesday that the disaster could have entailed less losses if the earthquake resistance of constructions had been considered a priority.

"Wise people learn from others' mistakes. We did not learn from others but we could have been smart enough to push the issue to the forefront after suffering a disaster," he said, adding that the majority of buildings in capital Yerevan are not earthquake-proof.

The expert noted in the meantime that modern technologies allow for making constructions quake-resistant, without taking them down.

"The buildings constructed after the 1960's face a major threat. There is a wrong opinion that five-storey stone constructions are earthquake resistant. Tall panel buildings are sometimes even stronger. We are, for instance, satisfied with the quake resistance level of newly built construc- tions," he said, calling upon the population not to hazard their lives by dismantling walls in their apartments.

11

Vice President Biden Calls on Turkey to Ratify Protocols with Armenia

ANKARA — U.S. Vice President Joe Biden pressed Turkey to unconditionally ratify its West- ern-backed normalization agreements with Armenia “in the months ahead” during a visit to Ankara and Istanbul that ended at the weekend.

A senior official from the administration of President Barack Obama said the fate of the two Turkish-Armenian protocols signed in 2009 was on the agenda of Biden’s talks with Turkish Presi- dent Abdullah Gul, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan and parliament speaker Cemil Cicek.

The official said that during a breakfast meeting with Cicek on Friday Biden “applauded the fact that the protocols for normalization with Armenia were back on the agenda of the [Turkish] parliament.” “And he expressed his hope that the parliament will be able to act those protocols in the months ahead,” the official told U.S. journalists travelling with Biden.

The U.S. vice president met Gul later on Friday before travelling to Istanbul for separate talks with Erdogan held on Sunday.

“On Armenia, he said to the prime minister what he had raised with President Gul, as well, the hope that now that the protocols for normalization were back on the agenda of the parliament that Turkey would be able to move on those protocols in the months ahead,” the Obama administration official said.

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton conveyed a similar message to the Turkish government when she visited Istanbul last July.

The Turkish leaders and Erdogan in particular have repeatedly made clear that the protocols will not be ratified by Turkey’s parliament before a breakthrough in international efforts to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Armenia rejects this precondition.

According to the Istanbul-based “Hurriyet Daily News” newspaper, Biden told Gul that Ankara should “speed up the normalization process with Armenia” if it wants the Obama administration to block further resolutions in the U.S. Congress recognizing the 1915 Armenians Genocide.

This warning attributed to Biden could be seized upon by Armenian critics of the Turkish- Armenian rapprochement who say it has helped Ankara to thwart a broader international recognition of the Armenian genocide.

They were already incensed when Biden claimed last year that Sarkisian himself had asked the White House not to use the word genocide with regard to the slaughter of some 1.5 Ottoman Arme-

12

nians while Turkish-Armenian negotiations are in progress. Both official Yerevan and the U.S. Em- bassy in Armenia denied Biden’s claim videotaped by an Armenian-American activist. Biden strongly supported Armenian genocide resolutions debated by Congress when he was a mem- ber of the U.S. Senate.

Armenia to Delay Closure of Metsamor Nuclear Power Station

YEREVAN -- President Serzh Sarkisian on Tuesday gave more indications that Armenian gov- ernment will likely delay the decommissioning of the nuclear power station at Metsamor that was originally expected to start by 2017.

Sarkisian said that the fate of Metsamor’s sole functioning reactor is “closely connected” with time frames for the planned construction of a new and more powerful plant at the same site about 40 kilometers west of Yerevan.

Yerevan has been under pressure from the United States and the European Union to shut down the Soviet-era facility ever since one of its two reactors built in the 1970s was reactivated in 1995. Armenian officials for years insisted that the reactor, which provides about 40 percent of Armenia’s electricity, is safe enough to continue to operate at least until 2016.

The government announced in 2005 that it is already making preparations for the launch of the decommissioning process. It said the costly process will be completed in time for the construction of a new reactor meeting modern safety standards. Officials in Yerevan insisted afterwards that work on the facility will start by 2012.

The head of Armenia’s the State Committee on Nuclear Safety, Ashot Martirosian, called that target date “not realistic” last year. He suggested that Metsamor’s decommissioning is therefore likely to be postponed by several years.

Sarkisian appeared to echo that view as he addressed a regular session of another, advisory body also dealing with nuclear safety. “It is obvious that in case of a delay in the introduction of the new [nuclear] power-generating unit, we will have to solve the issue of extending the operations of the Armenian Nuclear Power Station’s [function- ing] second power-generating unit,” he told the body headed by Adolf Berghoffer, a German nuclear scientist.

Sarkisian insisted that continued reliance on atomic energy is vital for Armenia’s energy security. “We are obliged to have a nuclear plant and atomic energy at the heart of our energy system,” he said. “Therefore, we must be able to combine what is beneficial for us with safety.”

The possible delay acknowledged by the president reflects the Armenian government’s failure so far attract some $4.5 billion in foreign investments needed for building the new plant.

According to Energy and Natural Resources Minister Armen Movsisian, Russia’s Rosatom state nuclear energy corporation is ready to invest up to half of the required sum. “There are candidates from different countries for the remaining 50 percent,” Movsisian told RFE/RL’s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am) “Discussions with them are in progress.”

“We are continuing negotiations on attracting other investors,” Sarkisian said, for his part. He noted in that con- text that he discussed French companies’ involvement in the ambitious project with France’s President Nicolas Sar- kozy when the latter visited Yerevan in October.

Neither Sarkisian nor Movsisian mentioned any possible dates for the start of the new plant’s construction. 13

In a related development, Movsisian announced that the Armenian government will soon take over Metsamor’s financial management from RAO Unified Energy Systems (UES), Russia’s state-controlled electricity distribution company. A UES subsidiary, Inter RAO, gained control of Metsamor’s finances in 2003 in return for repaying its $40 million debts to Russian nuclear fuel suppliers.

Prof. Ashot Chilingarian Elected American Physical Society Fellow

Prof. Ashot Chilingarian, the director of Yerevan Physics Institute and the head of its Cosmic Ray Division has been elected American Physical Society (APS) Fellow, a prestigious honor given to only a few of the world’s greatest scientists, the Armenian Reporter informs.

The APS elected Chilingarian for bringing one of the world’s largest facilities for monitoring different species of secondary cosmic rays located in Armenia to the International Space Weather initiative as a global warning system from violent space events. He was nominated by: Forum on In- ternational Physics.

Prof. Chilingirian earned his Ph.D. in Physics and Mathematics in 1991 from Yerevan Physics Institute (YerPhI). From 1971 to 1993 he was a scientist, then senior scientist at YerPhI. In 1993 he became the deputy director of the Institute as well as head of the Cosmic Ray Division. Since 1975 he has been a lecturer of Physics and Software Engineering at Yerevan State University.

His expertise is in the sphere of high energy astroparticle physics, particle detector instrumen- tation and advanced statistical computation. His current interests include the Galactic and Solar cosmic ray origin and acceleration, detection of secondary cosmic ray fluxes on earth surface, Space Weather and supernovae explosions.

In the last 10 years Prof. Chilingarian has won more than 20 research grants totaling more than $2.5 million from foundations such as the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC), In- ternational Technology and Science foundation (INTAS) and others.

He is the author of the ANI (Analysis and Nonparametric Inference) computer code library, which has been extensively used during the last few decades for multidimensional analysis of data from modern cosmic ray detectors. He also introduced the “multidimensional nonlinear cuts” meth- od for analyzing data from the Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (ACT) and event-by-event anal- ysis for Extensive Air Shower experiments.

Currently he is Armenia’s representative to COSPAR (the COmmission for SPace Research) and International Heliophysical Year 2007, spokesperson for ANI and ASEC collaborations. In ad- dition, he is on the board of the Armenian National Foundation of Science and Advanced Technolo- gies (NFSAT). The American Physical Society (APS) was founded in 1899 by 36 prominent physicists of the time, who gathered at Columbia University for that purpose. Browsing through the names of the APS presidents from founding days to today, is like reading the Who’s Who in the field of physics. Some

14

of these scientists are so famous that they have famous experiments or units of measure named after them. The mission of APS is to be the leading voice for physics and an authoritative source of phys- ics information for the advancement of physics and the benefit of humanity. Annually the APS names physicists from around the world whose work has contributed to the mission of advancing physics knowledge and benefiting humanity, as APS fellows.

New Parliament Speaker Elected

YEREVAN -- Samvel Nikoyan, a senior member of the governing Republican Party (HHK), was formally elected on Tuesday as the new speaker of Armenia’s parliament.

Nikoyan, who until now served as deputy speaker, received the backing of 102 of the 131 par- liament deputies mainly representing the HHK and its two junior partners in the ruling coalition.

By contrast, his opposition challenger, Larisa Alaverdian of the Zharangutyun (Heritage), re- ceived only four votes.

Nikoyan’s election became a forgone conclusion after the HHK’s governing body headed by President Serzh Sarkisian nominated him for the vacant post late last week.

The previous speaker, Hovik Abrahamian, resigned for still unclear reasons last month. Inci- dentally, Abrahamian also took part in the election of his successor.

The HHK leadership made sure that turnout for the parliament vote is high. Many HHK law- makers who rarely attend parliament sessions showed up to cast their ballots for Nikoyan. Nikoyan will head the National Assembly until the next parliamentary elections scheduled for May. Few expect him to be as influential as Abrahamian.

Shevardnadze: Road Linking Armenia to Batumi will Raise

Problems for Georgia

TBILISI -- Former President of Georgia Eduard Shevardnadze sees a danger in Armenia’s con- struction of a road linking the country with the Georgian province of Ajara.

“This project might create a demographic problem for Georgia,” he said in an interview with Georgian daily Asaval-Dasavali.

Recall, during his visit to Georgia last week, Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan discussed the matter of building roads with his Georgian counterpart, Mikhail Saakashvili. They agreed to accel- erate construction of the road from Armenia to Batumi, Georgia. Saakashvili said this will prompt the flow of Armenian tourists to Georgia.

Shevardnadze, however, fears that the demographic picture in Ajara might change was a result of the inflow of Armenians.

“Look at Abkhazia, there are more Armenians than Abkhaz there,” he said.

Cash Remittances by Armenian Working in Foreign Countries Soar In 2011

YEREVAN -- Vital cash remittances sent home by scores of Armenians working in Russia and other countries increased by over 23 percent in the first ten months of this year, according to offi- cial statistics released on Wednesday.

Data from the Central Bank of Armenia (CBA) shows that local commercial banks processed almost $1.24 billion in non-commercial cash transfers from abroad, up from just over $1 billion in the same period of last year.

The total amount of incoming wire transfers, which includes funding for business transactions, reached $1.56 billion. It stood at $1.27 billion in January-October 2010.

More than 80 percent of these cash inflows came from Russia, which is home to hundreds of thousands of Armenian migrant workers. The United States, which also has a sizable Armenian im- migrant population, accounted for roughly 5 percent of the total.

The remittances have long been a major source of income for a considerable part of Armenia’s population. A rapid rise in their volume in the early 2000s contributed to a double-digit growth of the Armenian economy, which came to an end with the outbreak of the global recession in late 2008.

15

Economic growth in the country resumed in 2010, helped an almost 14 percent rise in remit- tances. According to the CBA, they totaled $1.3 billion, equivalent to over 13 percent of Gross Do- mestic Product. The sharper rise in 2011 remittances is one of the reasons why growth is on course to exceed 4 percent this year.

Armenia’s heavy dependence on the cash transfers also makes it vulnerable to a renewed eco- nomic crisis around the world and in Russia in particular. Moody’s Investors Service, a credit rat- ings agency, emphasized this fact as it lowered its outlook for the Armenian economy late last month. It warned that an economic slowdown in Russia resulting from a drop in global commodity prices could seriously cut the Armenian remittances. Residents of rural areas of the country, where unemployment rates have been above the nationwide average, are particularly reliant on financial support from their family members working abroad.

Facing History, the Anti-Defamation League, and the Silence of the Lambs

By David Boyajian

The Anti-Defamation League’s hostility to Armenian Americans is no secret. The ADL and its national director, Abraham Foxman, have worked with Turkey to deny the Armenian genocide and defeat the Armenian genocide resolution in Congress. It was a shock, therefore, to learn that Fac- ing History and Ourselves (FHAO), a nationwide Holocaust and human rights educational organiza- tion whose curriculum includes the Armenian genocide, was to “partner” with Foxman for an ADL panel discussion on “The New Anti-Semitism” in Boston on November 7, 2011.

Alerted by an Armenian-authored Open Letter to FHAO, many Armenians urged the group to withdraw its partnership with Foxman. I myself spoke to FHAO, without success.

FHAO’s Form Letter

Instead, FHAO responded to Armenian Americans with a form letter which claimed, disingenu- ously, that Foxman had acknowledged the Armenian genocide. FHAO didn’t even bother to ad- dress the ADL’s hypocritical opposition to the Armenian genocide resolution, which Foxman con- tinues to call a “counterproductive diversion.”

Though Foxman’s notorious August 21, 2007 statement mentioned the “G word,” it also im- plied that Armenian deaths in 1915 were a “consequence” of wartime conditions rather than inten- tional. “Intent,” however, is what United Nations law requires for an act to be considered genocide. Foxman knew that when he issued his statement.

Prompted by human rights activists and Armenian Americans, a dozen Massachusetts cities and the Massachusetts Municipal Association condemned Foxman’s rhetorical sleight-of-hand, and from 2007-2008 - after Foxman’s statement - cut ties with the ADL’s “No Place for Hate” program.

Open Letter to the Genocide Education Project

A second Open Letter (Oct. 31, 201l) requested the San Francisco-based Armenian organiza- tion, the Genocide Education Project (GEP), whose primary mission is teaching the Armenian geno- cide, to ask FHAO to drop its co-sponsorship of the Foxman event.

Why GEP? Because it and FHAO’s advisory boards overlap: Professors Peter Balakian and Richard Hovannisian are on both boards. And FHAO executives Adam Strom, son of his group’s founder, and Jack Weinstein, are on GEP’s advisory board.

I contacted GEP, which said that it would decide how to proceed and get back to me. It never did. Other Armenians, too, pressed GEP to ask FHAO to not co-sponsor Foxman. I later made an- other attempt to reach GEP, without success. Ultimately, GEP remained silent. GEP owed answers to a concerned public. Silence invites speculation. Did it fear losing FHAO’s friendship? If so, should an Armenian American organization collaborate with such organizations if that prevents it from speaking out?

Fortunately, the Coalition to Recognize the Armenian Genocide, composed of Armenians and Jews, rose to the occasion. At the ADL event, it distributed flyers urging “all organizations and of- ficials to spurn the ADL until it unequivocally recognizes the Armenian Genocide” and “ceases lob- bying against” the Armenian genocide resolution.

Interesting questions and issues arise from the sad spectacle of the FHAO-ADL partnership and GEP’s silence.

16

Human Rights as a Cover

If an organization recognizes, and even teaches about, the Armenian genocide, is that recogni- tion principled and consistent? Or is it mainly a vehicle to advance the organization’s own goals?

We do know, after all, of organizations that use human rights or genocide education to disguise their real agenda. The ADL is one such example.

The ADL has lots of nice-sounding, “politically correct” programs: “No Place for Hate,” “Combat Bullying,” “Making Diversity Count,” “Workplace of Difference,” “Stories of LGBT His- tory,” and more. These programs, along with its ample funds and alleged prestige, have enabled the ADL to gain entry to thousands of public elementary and high schools, colleges, corporations, cit- ies, and governments. (FHAO, incidentally, has several programs similar to the ADL’s.) Teaching human rights is not, however, the ADL’s real aim. ADL programs are just a backdoor way to in- still familiarity and sympathy with itself, the concerns of the Jewish people, the Holocaust, and Is- rael.

How do we know this? Because no genuine human rights organization would ever work closely - as the ADL has done - with the human rights-abusing, genocide-denying Turkish government to defeat a Congressional resolution on the Armenian genocide, especially while advocating Holocaust recognition and repara- tions in Congress.

And must we surrender to the “taboo” against critiquing Jewish groups such as the ADL, even when they’re clearly adversaries?

That taboo could explain the reluctance, 3 - 4 years ago, of many Armenian American political groups, leaders, and academicians, especially on the West Coast, to emulate Massachusetts’ hugely successful, internationally- recognized campaign (www.NoPlaceForDenial.com) against the ADL’s anti-Armenian bias.

When Armenian American leaders avoid criticizing influential adversaries, are they defending the community’s interests or their own?

Another question: when an individual recognizes the Armenian genocide, is that recognition principled and consistent? Or is it mainly a vehicle to advance his or her interests? Public offi- cials are, of course, the most obvious examples.

Genocide ‘Bait and Switch’

Presidential candidate Barack Obama recognized the Armenian genocide and promised to do the same as president. As a result, he garnered several Armenian American endorsements. Once in the White House, he quickly forgot his promise. And consider Jane Harman who as a Congress- woman (D-CA) supported the genocide resolution before she deceitfully undermined it. Then there’s Richard Gephardt, at one time the U.S. House Majority Leader. As a Congressman (D-MO), he supported the Armenian resolution. He even spoke at an Armenian genocide commemoration on Capitol Hill. Nevertheless, after leaving Congress in 2005, Gephardt became a paid consultant for Turkey and lobbied against the Armenian resolution that he once supported. And recall Samantha Power, the alleged genocide expert and “friend” of Armenian Americans.

Reluctance to Critique

Three years ago Power very publicly urged Armenian Americans to vote for Barack Obama be- cause as president he would recognize our genocide. She now heads the White House’s “Office of Multilateral Affairs and Human Rights” (while her husband and longtime Obama friend, Cass Sun- stein, is the president’s “regulatory czar.”) Our “friend” Samantha hasn’t been heard from in years. By now, Armenian American organizations should have made some kind of critique of America’s “Human Rights” sweetheart. But, no, they’re as quiet as she is. The lesson is not lost on Power or anyone else contemplating self-serving rhetoric and promises to Armenians.

And could self-interest, rather than the Armenian people’s best interests, explain why more di- asporan Armenian “leaders” and organizations haven’t been more critical of corruption among Ar- menia’s government officials and oligarchs? Armenian Americans expect their political leaders and organizations to speak up strongly when our interests are at stake. Fear of offending those who offend us is a poor excuse.

17

By Alena Rasi

Armenian Director Ruben Gini Offers a New Historical Perspective "Armenia – The Great Chinese Journey"

China's ties with the western civilization has long been a topic for debate. A documentary film by a 26-year-old Armenian director offers a new perspective. Will it prove to be a sensation?

Based exclusively on scientific research, the latest archaeological findings and archival data, "Armenia – The Great Chinese Journey" is a new documentary that promises to present previously unknown historical artefacts.

Radio86 interviewed director Ruben Gini to find out more What makes it unique? “It is not a story of one nation. My purpose is to make the documentary equally interesting for

a broad audience, from different countries, and also for different ages, from respected scholars to schoolboys,” explained Gini.

The history of the ancient East still retains many secrets. What century saw the first contact between the East and the West? Who was the first Westerner to reach Tibet? Who was the first Chi- nese person to travel westwards and visit Rome? The answers to these questions are buried in time.

“However, in our new documentary "Armenia – the Great Chinese Journey " we will try to find the answers by relying on the latest archaeological data, international publications and interviews with Western and Asian experts. This is what makes it unique,” said Gini.

The documentary uses three periods to explore the history of Chinese-Armenian relations, be- ginning with antiquity and the Middle Ages, then the 20th century and finally the modern age and the Shanghai 2010 Expo.

Viewers will head on an exciting and educating journey back in time to see major historical events with their own eyes and make new discoveries.

Accessing archives: Mission possible

A couple of decades ago, accessing Chinese archive materials would have been an impossible mission. However, today, all the doors are open to this young film director.

18

Working on the documentary script, he felt like a detective investigating the mysteries of the past: “I think that now is a convenient time to work with archives in China because, after 100 years of communism, this country is open again. Now a Westerner can get access to these unstudied his- torical records and resources.”

“The script is mostly ready but we are constantly receiving new data and making final changes. For the shooting, we are planning to visit five countries and 14 cities, such as Shanghai, Harbin, Lhasa (Tibet), Samarkand, Singapore, Macao and Hong Kong,” said the director.

Truth or legend?

Ruben Gini was born in Erevan, Armenia, and studied film directing at the All-Russian State University of Cinematography (VGIK). He moved to China in 2004 to work as a creative director in an advertisement company. Now at age 26, he communicates in four languages: Russian, Armenian English and Chinese.

China could not but arouse his curiosity, which soon evolved into deep interest and passion: “The experience I got in China was as valuable as gold,” admitted Gini. Being fond of history and archaeology, he participated in several scientific expeditions in Armenia and China.

“What intrigued me most was the fact that Chinese history is so different and closely inter- twined with legend. Sometimes it's not easy to define truth from the legend,” observes Gini.

Unknown artefacts

Contemporary archaeological research shows that China and Armenia were in contact in the se- cond century BCE. To prove this, the documentary will feature convincing artefacts, such as ancient Armenian coins found in China and an image of the Chinese dragon on Armenian engravings.

Armenia is important in this respect due to its geographical location on the crossroads of cul- tures and trading routes. Gini says, that Chinese-Armenian relations have not been studied very ex- tensively.

For example, not many of us know that Armenian costume served as a sort of pass to the East- ern trade routes: “Europeans disguised themselves in Armenian clothes to see the wonders of Chi- na,” says Gini.

“It's important to understand that the first contacts with the East were the first steps towards globalisation, a process which began in ancient times and is continuing to the present day and to the future... So the film intends to show these connections,” concluded Ruben Gini. The film will be released during 2012.

US Court to Rule on Turkish Banks’Motion to Dismiss Armenian Lawsuits

By Harut Sassounian Publisher, The California Courier

Two separate lawsuits were filed last year in US Federal Court in Los Angeles against the Republic of

Turkey and two of its major banks demanding compensation for properties confiscated from Armenians af-

ter the 1915 Genocide.

The first is a class action lawsuit seeking what could amount to billions of dollars from the Turkish Re-

public, T.C. Ziraat Bankasi, and the Central Bank of Turkey for unjust enrichment from liquidation of

properties belonging to Armenians deported and exterminated during the Genocide.

The second lawsuit, filed by three Armenian-Americans, seeks $64 million for their confiscated properties

in Adana, Turkey, and millions more for accrued rent and interest paid by the U.S. government in the past

60 years for use of the strategic Incirlik Air Base, built on land taken from families of the Armenian plain-

tiffs.

When these lawsuits were initiated, the Turkish government and its two banks ridiculed the charges,

claiming that US courts have no authority to judge the actions of other governments. In order to block the

lawsuits, the Turkish entities refused to be served with the legal documents, which is the first step in filing

a lawsuit. After lengthy cat and mouse games, Turkish officials finally received the court documents trans-

mitted to them by the US Embassy in Ankara at the request of the State Department.

After grudgingly accepting the court papers, the Republic of Turkey refused to appear in US Federal

Court, despite warnings from the State Department that it risked a default judgment. The Turkish banks,

however, fearing a similar fate, rushed to the court and filed a motion to dismiss the pending lawsuits.

In their filings, the banks objected to the lawsuits, claiming that American courts lacked jurisdiction due

to sovereign immunity. They argued that the lawsuits should not go forward because of the Ankara Agree-

ment of 1934, the "political question doctrine," potential harm to U.S.-Turkish relations, lack of evidence

19

that the plaintiffs are heirs of the owners of the confiscated properties, and the expiry of the statute of limi-

tations.

Surprisingly, the Turkish banks conceded that even if the Republic of Turkey did confiscate Armenian

properties, international law precluded the filing of such lawsuits, since Turkey had taken "the property of

its own nationals."

The banks’ lawyers made the outrageous suggestion that the wills of Armenian Genocide victims be re-

viewed to determine the legal heirs of the confiscated properties. In case these victims did not have a will,

the lawyers proposed that the relevant laws be examined to see who was really entitled to their properties!

The attorneys for the Armenian plaintiffs countered the Turkish objections and asked the court to deny the

motion to dismiss. The plaintiffs asserted that the Ziraat bank branch in the United States is a private com-

mercial bank and has no reason to enjoy sovereign immunity. Moreover, "genocide and the associated

plunder of property is never deemed a legitimate act of the state. There is no application of a political ques-

tion, as this case focuses on the return of unjust gains from the sale and/or rental of property held in trust.

Finally, the statute of limitations does not apply because the properties were held in trust, and the failure to

return them is a continuing injury." The attorneys further asserted that there are no statutes of limitations

for War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity.

Contradicting the Banks’ claims, the lawyers for the class action lawsuit maintained that the Foreign Sov-

ereign Immunity Act does not preclude the prosecution of foreign entities engaged in commercial activity

in the United States which both the Republic of Turkey and the two banks have done for many years. The

lawyers also asserted that the defendants falsely claimed that international law does not apply to foreign

countries "for wrongs perpetrated against their own nationals." On the contrary, "international law prohibits

states from expropriating property of nationals conducted during genocide and human rights abuses."

A hearing is scheduled in Federal Court on December 19 to determine the validity of the Turkish banks’

motion to dismiss the two lawsuits. Should the court reject the Turkish motion, and the Armenian plaintiffs

end up winning their lawsuits during a subsequent trial, the court may order that the US assets of both

Turkish banks be seized, up to the value of the claims, and turned over to the heirs of dispossessed Arme-

nian victims as fair compensation.

Èàôê2 ́2ò Þ2 ́2Â2Âoð - LOUSSAPATZ - THE DAWN

Ðð2î2ð2ÎàôÂÆôÜ Üàð êoðàôÜ ̧ ØÞ2ÎàôÂ2ÚÆÜ ØÆàôÂo2Ü - ÂàðàÜÂú

333 DENISON ST. UNIT # 3 MARKHAM, ON CANADA L3R 2Z4 TEL:905–752–1206 FAX: 905–752–1207

E-MAIL : loussapatz@gmail.com

Èàôê2 ́2ò Þ2 ́2Â2ÂoðÂÆ ì2ðâ2Î2Ü Î21⁄4Ø

îÜúð3⁄4Ü äoîðàê ØàôÞo2Ü MANAGING EDITOR BEDROS MOUCHIAN îÜîoê2Î2Ü Úàìê3⁄4ö ¶2ܶàôðo2Ü FINANCE HOVSEP KANKOURIAN