Loussapatz - The Dawn 987 100-TH BIRTHDAY OF ARAM KHACHATURIAN ARMENIAN COMPOSER 6 June 1903 in Tblisi -1 May 1978 in Moscow

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ԹԻՒ 987 ՇԱԲԱԹ, 8 ՅՈՒՆԻՍ 2013

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100-TH BIRTHDAY OF ARAM KHACHATURIAN ARMENIAN COMPOSER 6 June 1903 in Tblisi -1 May 1978 in Moscow

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Ü»ñë¿ë ä»ïñáë ÄÂ. ÏÁ Ññ3õÇñ¿ ä3åÁ ÛÇß3ï3Ï»Éáõ Ð3Ûáó ò»Õ3ëå3Ýáõû3Ý 100-ñ1 ï3ñ»ÉÇóÁ

oñÏáõß3μÃÇ, 3 ÛáõÝÇë 2013, 3é3õûï»3Ý Å3ÙÁ 11.30 -ÇÝ, üñ3ÝãÇëÏáë êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ïÁ Û3ïáõÏ áõÝÏÝ1ñáõÃÇõÝ ßÝáñÑ»ó 3Ù»Ý3å3ïÇõ ï¿ñ Ü»ñë¿ë ä»ïñáë ÄÂ. Ï3ÃáÕÇÏáë å3ïñÇ3ñùÇÝ, áñáõÝ ÁÝÏ»ñ3ÏóáÕ å3ïáõÇñ3Ïáõû3Ý Ù3ë ÏÁ Ï31⁄2Ù¿ÇÝ 2Ý3ñ3ï ÚÕáõû3Ý Ñ3Û ùáÛñ»ñáõ ÁÝ1Ñ3Ýáõñ Ù»Í3õáñáõÑÇ Ù3Ûñ oõ1áùëÇ3 ø¿ßÇß»3Ý, ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ï3Ï3Ý. È»õáÝ»3Ý Ñ3Û í3ñÅ3ñ3ÝÇ Ù»Í3õáñ Ñ3Ûñ ¶¿áñ· Í.í. Üáñ3ïáõÝÏ»3Ý, ÷áË-ï»ëáõãa

Ñ3Ûñ ¶ñÇ·áñ íñ1. ä3ïÇß3Ñ, ÙÇ ù3ÝÇ Ñ3õ3ï3ó»3ÉÝ»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ Ñ3Û Ñ3Õáñ13ÙÇçáóÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇãÝ»ñ£

ä3ïáõÇñ3Ïáõû3Ý 3Ý13ÙÝ»ñÁ ÁÝ1áõݻɿ 3é3ç, êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ïÁ »õ 3Ù»Ý3å3ïÇõ Ðá·»õáñ î¿ñÁ áõÝ»ó3Ý 3é3ÝÓÝ3ÏÇ 1⁄2ñáÛó ÙÁ, áñáõÝ ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ, ÁÝ1Ñ3Ýáõñ 3ÏÝ3ñÏáí ÙÁ 3Ý1ñ313éÝ3É¿ »ïù Ñ3Û Ï3ÃáÕÇÏ¿ oϻջóõáÛ Ù3ëÇÝ, 3Ù»Ý3å3ïÇõ Ðá·»õáñ î¿ñÁ êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ï¿Ý ËÝ1ñ»ó, áñ êáõñμ 2ÃáéÁ Ñ3Ý1Çë3õáñ3å¿ë Ù3ëÝ3ÏóÇ Ð3Ûáó ò»Õ3ëå3Ýáõû3Ý 100-ñ1 ï3ñ»ÉÇóÇ ÛÇß3ï3ÏáõÙÇÝ, »õ 3Ûë 3éÇÃáí ù3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ï3Ï3Ý Ûáñ1áñ ÙÁ áõÕÕ¿ Ñ3Ù3ÛÝ ùñÇëïáÝ»3Ý»ñáõÝ, Ý»ñÏ3Û3óÝ»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ 1915-Ç Ø»Í oÕ»éÝÇ Ý3Ñ3ï3ÏÝ»ñáõÝ íÏ3ÛáõÃÇõÝÁ: Ðá·»õáñ î¿ñÁ ËÝ1ñ»ó Ý3»õ áñ ì3ïÇÏ3ÝÇ å»ïáõÃÇõÝÝ 3É Ù3ëÝ3ÏóÇ 3Ûë Ñ3ñÇõñ3Ù»3ÏÇ ÛÇß3ï3Ïáõû3Ý 1ñáßÙ3ÃáõÕûñáõ Ññ3ï3ñ3Ïáõû3Ùμ: 2Ù»Ý3å3ïÇõ Ðá·»õáñ î¿ñÁ Û3ïÏ3å¿ë Ñ3Ûó»ó êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ïÇÝ ûñÑÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ñ3Ù3ÛÝ Ñ3Û ÅáÕáíáõñ1ÇÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ Ð3Û Î3ÃáÕÇÏ¿ êÇõÝÑá1áëÇ 3Ý13ÙÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ3Ù3ñ: êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ïÁ Çñ Ï3ñ·ÇÝ Û3ïáõÏ áõß31ñáõÃÇõÝ óáõó3μ»ñ»ó Ðá·»õáñ îÇñáç ËÝ1ñ3ÝùÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ3Ý1¿å, ß»ßï»Éáí Û3ïÏ3å¿ë Ù3ñ1áõ Çñ3õáõÝùÝ»ñáõ áõ Ù3ñ1Ï3ÛÇÝ 3ñÅ¿ùÝ»ñáõ å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý Ï3ñ»õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ oϻջóõáÛ Ñ3Ù3ñ:

2Ûë Ùï»ñÙÇÏ Ñ3Ý1ÇåáõÙ¿Ý »ïù, Ðá·»õáñ îÇñáç ÁÝÏ»ñ3óáÕ å3ïáõÇñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ Ý»ñÏ3Û3ó3õ êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ïÇÝ »õ 3ç3Ñ3ÙμáÛñ¿Ý »ïù, Ñ3Û Ï3ÃáÕÇÏ¿ Ñ3õ3ï3ó»3ÉÝ»ñáõÝ 3ÝáõÝáí 2Ýáñ ÝáõÇñ»ó åñáÝ1⁄2»3Û §Ê3ã»ÉáõÃÇõݦ ÙÁ, áñáõÝ Ñ»ÕÇÝ3ÏÝ ¿ ÉÇμ3Ý3Ý3Ñ3Û 3ñáõ»ëï3·¿ïa ð3ýýÇ Âá·3ÃÉ»3Ý: Àëï §ð3ïÇû ì3ïÇÏ3ݦÇ, 3Ûë 3éÃÇõ 3ñï3ë3Ý3Í ËûëùÇÝ Ù¿ç, êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ïÁ Ýß»ó ÿ Ð3Ûáó ò»Õ3ëå3ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ §20ñ1 13ñáõ 3é3çÇÝ ó»Õ3ëå3ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿¦, »õ Ûáñ1áñ»ó Ý»ñÏ3Ý»ñÁ 3ßË3ï»Éáõ ÙÇßï oϻջóõáÛ »õ 31⁄2·ÇÝ ÙÇáõû3Ý Ç Ýå3ëï, 3åñ»Éáí Ñ3Ù»ñ3ßËáõû3Ùμ »õ ÁÝ11ÇÙ3Ý3Éáí ë3ï3Ý3ÛÇÝ ÷áñÓáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ:

Üß»Ýù Ý3»õ, áñ »ñ»ùß3μÃÇ, 4 ÛáõÝÇëÇ 3é3õûï»3Ý, 3Ù»Ý3å3ïÇõ Ðá·»õáñ î¿ñÁ Ññ3õÇñáõ»ó3õ Ñ3Ù3å3ï3ñ3·»Éáõ üñ3ÝãÇëÏáë êñμ31⁄23Ý ø3Ñ3Ý3Û3å»ïÇÝ Ñ»ï ê3Ý13 Ø3ñÃ3ÛÇ Ù3ïñ3Ý Ù¿ç, ì3ïÇÏ3Ý: 2Ûë ä3ï3ñ3·ÇÝ Ù3ëÝ3Ïó»ó3õ Ý3»õ Ðá·»õáñ îÇñáç ·3õ31⁄23Ý3ÏÇña î¿ñ 2õ»ïÇù íñ1. ÚáíÑ3ÝÝ¿ë»3Ý:

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Â3⁄4 ÆÜâä3⁄4±ê ê2Î2ô2ÂÆô Ð2Ú Ð2Ø2ÚÜø àôÜoòàÔ ÈàôÆ1⁄4Æ2Ü2ÚÆ êoÜ2îÀ 2ðò2ÊÆ 2ÜÎ2ÊàôÂÆôÜÀ Ö2Ü2âàÔ  ́2Ü2ÒoôÜ ÀÜ ̧àôÜoò

ê ̧ÐΠλ1ñáÝ3Ï3Ý ì3ñãáõû3Ý 3Ý13Ù, 2ØÜ ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3 Ý3Ñ3Ý·Ç Ð3Û-2Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý ÊáñÑñ1Ç 3ï»Ý3å»ï ì31⁄2·¿Ý ¶3ÉÃ3ù×»3ÝÁ, áõÙ ç3Ýù»ñáí 2ñó3ËÇ 3ÝÏ3ËáõÃÇõÝÁ ×3Ý3ãáÕ բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ Ùáõïù ·áñÍ»ó ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛÇ Ý3Ñ3Ý·3ÛÇÝ ê»Ý3ï, 3Ûë ûñ»ñÇÝ oñ»õ3ÝáõÙ ¿:

HayNews.am-Ç Ñ»ï 1⁄2ñáÛóáõÙ ¶3ÉÃ3ù×»3ÝÁ å3ïÙ»ó, ÿ ÇÝãå¿±ë ¿ բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ Û3ÛïÝáõ»É Ý3Ñ3Ý·3ÛÇÝ ê»Ý3ïáõÙ. §2åñÇÉÇ ëÏ1⁄2բÇÝ 1⁄23Ý· ëï3ó3Û 2ØÜ-áõÙ 2ñó3ËÇ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇã èáå»ñà 2õ»ïÇë»3ÝÇó, »õ բ3õ3Ï3Ý »ñÏ3ñ Ëûë3ÏóáõÃÇõÝ áõÝ»ó3Ýù 2åñÇÉÇ 24-Ç í»ñ3բ»ñ»3É: Ü3 ËÝ1ñ»ó û·Ý»É, áñå¿ë1⁄2Ç 2ñó3ËÇ í»ñ3բ»ñ»3É ÙÇ բ3Ý3Ó»õ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óÝ»Ýù ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3 Ý3Ñ3Ý·Ç ë»Ý3ïáõÙ:  ́3Ý3Ó»õÇ íñ3Û ÙÇ3ëÇÝ 3ßË3ï»óÇÝù, բÝ3Ï3Ý3բ3ñ Å3Ù3Ý3ÏÇ ÁÝÃ3óùáõÙ 3ÛÝ áñáß ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ »ÝÃ3ñÏáõ»ó¦:

¶3ÉÃ3ù×»3ÝÁ Û3ÛïÝ»ó. §2Ûë բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ ê»Ý3ïÇ ËáñÑñ1ÇÝ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõ»ó Ø3ÛÇëÇ 29-ÇÝ, ÇëÏ 3ñ1¿Ý Ø3ÛÇëÇ 30-ÇÝ 3ÛÝ 1ñáõ»ó ùáõ¿3ñÏáõû3Ý:  ́3Ý3Ó»õÁ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óñ»ó ë»Ý3Ãáñ 3⁄4ï ØÇõñ¿ÛÁ: ÜÏ3ï»Ýù, áñ Çñ»Ý 3ÝÓ3Ùբ ÂáõñùÇ3ÛÇ ÑÇõå3ïáëÇ ÏáÕÙÇó 1⁄23Ý·»ñ »Ý »Õ»É. ë»Ý3ÃáñÇó å3Ñ3Ýç»É ¿, áñå¿ë1⁄2Ç Ý3 ãÝ»ñÏ3Û3óÝÇ բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ. ÁÝ1Ñ3Ýáõñ 3éÙ3Ùբ, ÝÙ3Ý ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñ »Õ»É »Ý Ý3»õ ÂáõñùÇ3ÛÇ 3ÛÉ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó` ÏñÏÇÝ Ñ»é3Ëûë31⁄23Ý·»ñÇ ï»ëùáí: âÝ3Û3Í 1ñ3Ý` ùáõ¿3ñÏáõÃÇõÝÝ 3Ýó3õ áõ բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ Û3çáÕáõû3Ùբ ÁÝ1áõÝáõ»ó¦:

2ÛÝ Ñ3ñóÇÝ, ÿ áíù»±ñ »Ý 3ç3Ïó»É Ó»1⁄2 3Û1 3Ûë Ñ3ñóáõÙ, ¶3ÉÃ3ù×»3ÝÁ å3ï3ëË3Ý»ó. §ÆÝÓ 3ç3Ïó»É »Ý ûï3ñ »ñÏñ3óÇ բ31⁄2Ù3ÃÇõ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý ·áñÍÇãÝ»ñ: ÜÏ3ï»Ýù, áñ ë3 Ù»Í Û3çáÕáõÃÇõÝ ¿ñ 3ÛÝ 3éáõÙáí, áñ ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛÇ Ñ3Û Ñ3Ù3ÛÝùÁ բ3õ3Ï3Ý ÷áùñ3ÃÇõ ¿ 3ÛÉ Ý3Ñ3Ý·Ý»ñÇ Ñ3Ù»Ù3ï: ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛÇ Ù3Ûñ3ù3Õ3ù ä3ÃáÝ èáõÅáõÙ, áñï»Õ »õ ·áñÍáõÙ ¿ ê»Ý3ïÁ, 3ÛÅÙ 3åñáõÙ ¿ 28 Ñ3Û ÁÝï3ÝÇù ÙÇ3ÛÝ ÁÝ1Ñ3Ýáõñ 3,3 ÙÇÉÇáÝ բÝ3Ïãáõû3Ý Ù¿ç: ÆëÏ áÕç ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛÇ Ý3Ñ3Ý·áõÙ Ùûï 100 Ñ3Û ÁÝï3ÝÇù Ï3Û¦:

Ð3Û-2Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý ÊáñÑñ1Ç Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇãÁ Û3õ»É»ó, áñ 3ÛÅÙ 3ßË3ñÑÇ 4 ÏáÕÙÇó ßÝáñÑ3õáñáõÙ »Ý Ù»ñ 3Ûë Û3ÕÃ3Ý3ÏÁ. §2Ûë Û3ÕÃ3Ý3ÏÝ, Ç 1¿å, 3Ýëå3ë»ÉÇ ¿ñ ß3ï»ñÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ: 2ñó3ËÇ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇãÝ 3ÝÓ3Ùμ ßÝáñÑ3Ï3É3Ï3Ý Ý3Ù3Ï å¿ïù ¿ áõÕÕÇ 3⁄4ï ØÇõñ¿ÛÇÝ, áñ ÇßËáÕ  ̧»ÙáÏñ3ï3Ï3Ý Îáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý 3Ý13Ù ¿¦:

ì»ñçáõÙ ¶3ÉÃ3ù×»3ÝÁ ÝÏ3ï»ó, áñ Ùûï 1,5 3ÙÇë ï»õ3Í Çñ»Ýó 3ßË3ï3ÝùÝ»ñÇ ëÏ1⁄2բáõÙ ÇÝùÁ 1⁄2·3ó»É ¿, áñ 3ßË3ï3ÝùÝ»ñÁ ×Çß1 ÑÇÙùÇ íñ3Û ¿ 1ñáõ3Í. §2Û1 ÁÝÃ3óùáõÙ Ñ3Ùá1⁄2áõ3Í ¿Ç, áñ Û3çáÕáõÃÇõÝ áõÝ»Ý3Éáõ »Ýù¦:

ÐÐ êöÆôèøÆ Ü2Ê2ð2ð Ðð2ÜàÚÞ Ú2Îà ́o2ÜÜ ÀÜ ̧àôÜoò 2ØÜ-Æ ÈàôÆ1⁄4Æ2Ü2 Ü2Ð2Ü¶Æ Ð2Ú-2ØoðÆÎo2Ü ÊàðÐð ̧Æ 2îoÜ2äoî ì21⁄4¶3⁄4Ü ¶2ÈÂ2øÖo2ÜÆÜ

ÚáõÝÇëÇ 4-ÇÝ ÐÐ ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ý3Ë3ñ3ñ Ðñ3ÝáÛß Ú3Ïáբ»3ÝÝ ÁÝ1áõÝ»ó 2ØÜ-Ç ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3 Ý3Ñ3Ý·Ç Ð3Û- 2Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý ÊáñÑÁñ1Ç 3ï»Ý3å»ï, êáóÇ3É  ̧»ÙáÏñ3ï ÐÝã3Ï»3Ý Îáõë3Ïóáõû3Ý Î»1ñáÝ3Ï3Ý ì3ñãáõû3Ý 3Ý13Ù ì31⁄2·¿Ý ¶3ÉÃ3ù×»3ÝÇÝ, áõÙ ç3Ýù»ñáí 2ñó3ËÇ 3ÝÏ3ËáõÃÇõÝÁ ×3Ý3ãáÕ բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ Ùáõïù ¿ ·áñÍ»É ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛÇ Ý3Ñ3Ý·3ÛÇÝ ê»Ý3ï:

Æñ áÕçáÛÝÇ ËûëùáõÙ Ý3Ë3ñ3ñ Ð. Ú3Ïáբ»3ÝÁ ßÝáñÑ3Ï3ÉáõÃÇõÝ Û3ÛïÝ»ó ì31⁄2·¿Ý ¶3ÉÃ3ù×»3ÝÇÝ »õ ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛáõÙ 3åñáÕ 3ÛÝ 100 Ñ3Û ÁÝï3ÝÇùÝ»ñÇÝ, áíù»ñ ÿ»õ ÷áùñ Ñ3Ù3ÛÝù »Ý Ï31⁄2Ù»É, ë3Ï3ÛÝ 3ÏïÇõûñ¿Ý Ù3ëÝ3ÏóáõÙ »Ý Ý3Ñ3Ý·Ç Ñ3ë3ñ3Ï3Ï3Ý- ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý Ï»3ÝùÇÝ:

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ÈÔÐ 3ÝÏ3Ëáõû3Ý ×3Ý3ãÙ3Ý բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3ÛÇ Ñ3Û Ñ3Ù3ÛÝùÇ 3é3ç3ñÏáõû3Ùբ »õ ï3ñ3Í 3ßË3ï3ÝùÝ»ñÇ ßÝáñÑÇõ Ø3ÛÇëÇ 30-ÇÝ 1ñáõ»É ¿ ùáõ¿3ñÏáõû3Ý: âÝ3Û3Í Ãñù3Ï3Ý ÏáÕÙÇ ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ ùáõ¿3ñÏáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï3Û3ó»É ¿ »õ բ3Ý3Ó»õÁ Û3çáÕáõû3Ùբ ÁÝ1áõÝáõ»É ¿: ÈáõÇ1⁄2Ç3Ý3Ý 2ØÜ-Ç 4-ñ1 Ý3Ñ3Ý·Ý ¿, áñ Ý3Ñ3Ý·3ÛÇÝ ê»Ý3ïÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ÈÔÐ 3ÝÏ3Ëáõû3Ý ×3Ý3ãÙ3Ý í»ñ3բ»ñ»3É բ3Ý3Ó»õ ¿ ÁÝ1áõÝ»É:

ÖàÜ øoððÆ.- § ́àÈàðê Îþàô1⁄4oÜø ÈàôÌàô2Ì îoêÜoÈ Ô2ð2 ́2ÔÆ Ð2ðòÀ¦

3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Ü3Éμ3Ý1»3Ý »õ ÖáÝ ø»ññÇ ä»ï3Ï3Ý ø3ñïáõÕ3ñáõû3Ý Ï»1ñáÝ¿Ý Ý»ñë

ØØÇ3ó»3É Ü3Ñ3Ý·Ý»ñáõ å»ï3Ï3Ý ù3ñ- ïáõÕ3ñ ÖáÝ ø»ññÇ ÚáõÝÇë 3-ÇÝ »õ 4-ÇÝ àõ3- ßÇÝÏÃÁÝÇ Ù¿ç Û3çáñ13Ï3Ý Ñ3Ý1ÇåáõÙÝ»ñ áõ- Ý»ó3õ 2ïñå¿Û×3ÝÇ »õ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÝ»ñáõa 3⁄4ÉÙ3ñ Ø3Ù»ï»3ñáíÇ »õ 3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Ü3Éμ3Ý1»3ÝÇ Ñ»ï, ùÝÝ3ñÏ»Éáí È»éÝ3ÛÇÝ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ Ñ3ñóÁ:

ÚáõÝÇë 4-ÇÝ, ÁÝ1áõÝ»Éáí 3⁄41áõ3ñ1 Ü3É- μ3Ý1»3ÝÇÝ ÖáÝ ø»ññÇ Ý3Ë Áë3Í ¿, áñ Ð3- Û3ëï3Ý Ï3ñ»õáñ ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñ ¿ ØÇ3ó»3É Ü3- Ñ3Ý·Ý»ñáõÝa ß3ñù ÙÁ Ñ3ñó»ñáõ Ù¿ç: 2å3, 3Ý 3Ý1ñ313ñÓ3Í ¿ Õ3ñ3μ3Õ»3Ý Ñ3ñóÇÝ,

ÁÝ1·Í»Éáí, áñ 3Û1 ËÝ1ÇñÇ ÉáõÍÙ3Ý Ñ3Ù3ñ ù3ÛÉ»ñ å¿ïù ¿ Ó»éÝ3ñÏ»Ý áã ÙÇ3ÛÝ Ð3Û3ë- ï3ÝÝ áõ 2ïñå¿Û×3ÝÁ, 3ÛÉ Ý3»õ ï3ñ3Í3ßñ-

ç3ÝÇ ÙÇõë »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ: ¦2ÏÝÛ3Ûï ¿, áñ 3Ù»Ý3Ï3ñ»õáñ Ñ3ñóÁ, áñ Ù»Ýù μáÉáñë Ï°áõ1⁄2»Ýù ÉáõÍ- áõ3Í ï»ëÝ»É, Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ ë3é»óáõ3Í Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿: â3÷31⁄23Ýó Ï3ñ»õáñ ¿, áñ μáÉáñ ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ ÷áñÓ»Ý ×3Ý3å3ñÑ ·ïÝ»É ÷3ÏáõÕÇ¿Ý 1áõñë ·3Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ, áñ 3Ûë Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõ- ÃÇõÝÁ ÏÁ å3Ñ¿ Ùßï3å¿ë ëñáõ3Í »õ Ñ3õ3Ý3Ï3Ý íï3Ý·Ý»ñáí É»óáõÝ íÇ×3ÏÇ Ù¿ç§, - Û3Û- ï3ñ3ñ3Í ¿ ø»ññÇ, Û3ïáõÏ ß»ßï»Éáí, áñ μáÉáñ ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ Áë»Éáí ÝÏ3ïÇ áõÝÇ áã ÙÇ3ÛÝ 2ïñ- å¿Û×3ÝÇÝ, 3ÛÉ Ý3»õ ÂáõñùÇ3ÛÇÝ, èáõë3ëï3ÝÇÝ »õ Æñ3ÝÇÝ:

æáÝ ø»ññÇ Ý3»õ Û3ÛïÝ3Í ¿, áñ Õ3ñ3μ3Õ»3Ý Ñ3ñó¿Ý μ3óÇ Ùï31Çñ ¿ ÷3Ï Ñ3Ý1Ç- åáõÙÇ ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÇÝ Ñ»ï ùÝÝ3ñÏ»É Ý3»õ Ñ3Û- 3Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3·áñÍ3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ, Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ù¿ç ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñáõû3Ý 3Ù- ñ3åÝ1áõÙÁ áõ ïÝï»ëáõû3Ý 1⁄23ñ·3óáõÙÁ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ ¦2Ù»ñÇÏ3ÛÇ μ3ñ»Ï3Ù Ñ3Û ÅáÕá- íáõñ1Ç 3å3ÑáíáõÃÇõÝÁ§:

Æñ å3ï3ëË3Ý ËûëùÇÝ Ù¿ç ¿1áõ3ñ1 Ü3Éμ3Ý1»3Ý Áë3Í ¿, áñ Ñ3Û-3Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý Û3ñ3μ»- ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ 3ÛÅÙ ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇÝ å3ïÙáõû3Ý Ù¿ç 3Ù»Ý3μ3ñÓñ Ù3Ï3ñ13ÏÇ íñ3Û: oñÏáõ »ñÏñÝ»ñÝ 3É, Áëï Ð3Û Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÇ, ÏÁ ÏÇë»Ý ÙÇ»õÝáÛÝ ï»ë3Ï¿ïÁ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ Ñ3ñóáí, 3é 3ÛÝ, áñ ËÝ1ÇñÁ å¿ïù ¿ ÉáõÍáõÇ μ3ó3é3å¿ë Ë3Õ3Õ ×3Ý3å3ñÑáí, ÙÇç31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ Çñ3õáõÝùÇ ëÏ1⁄2μáõÝùÇa áõÅ ã·áñÍ31ñ»Éáõ, 31⁄2·»ñáõ ÇÝùÝáñáßÙ3Ý »õ ï3ñ3Íù3ÛÇÝ 3ÙμáÕç3Ï3Ýáõû3Ý ÑÇÙ3Ý íñ3Û:

¦Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÝ áõ ØÇ3ó»3É Ü3Ñ3Ý·Ý»ñÁ ÙÇ»õÝáÛÝ 1ÇñùáñáßáõÙÝ áõÝ»Ý Ý3»õ Ñ3-Ãáõñ- ù3Ï3Ý Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ 3é3Ýó Ý3Ë3å3ÛÙ3ÝÝ»ñÇ Ï3ñ·3õáñ»Éáõ Ñ3ñóáõÙ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ ÏÇëáõÙ »Ý ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñáõû3Ý, ÑÇÙÝ3ñ3ñ Çñ3õáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, 31⁄23ïáõû3Ý, ßáõÏ3Û3Ï3Ý ïÝï»ëáõû3Ý ÙÇ»õÝáÛÝ 3ñÅ¿ùÝ»ñÁ§,- Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ3Í ¿ Ü3Éμ3Ý1»3Ý:

Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý ·»ñ3ï»ëãáõû3Ý Õ»Ï3í3ñÁ Ý3»õ Û3ïáõÏ »ñ3Ë- ï3·ÇïáõÃÇõÝ Û3ÛïÝ3Í ¿ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ä3ñ3ù úå3Ù3ÛÇ í3ñã3Ï31⁄2ÙÇÝa Ñ3Û- 3Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý Û3- ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ë»ñï3óÙ3Ý ·Íáí áõÝ»ó3Í Ù»Í Ý»ñ1ñáõÙÇÝ Ñ3Ù3ñ:

Ð3Ý1ÇåáõÙÇ ÁÝÃ3óùÇÝ ÖáÝ ø»ññÇ Áë3Í ¿, áñ Çñ Ñ3Ù3ñ Û3ïÏ3å¿ë Ñ3×»ÉÇ ¿ áÕçáõÝ»É Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÇÝ, ù3ÝÇ áñ ÇÝù μ31⁄2Ù3ÃÇõ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñ áõÝÇ Ñ3Û Ñ3- Ù3ÛÝù¿Ý Ý»ñë »õ ï3ñÇÝ»ñ ß3ñáõÝ3Ï 3ßË3ï3Í ¿ 3ÝáÝó Ñ»ïa ß3ñù ÙÁ Ñ3ñó»ñáí: ¦ÎÁ Ï3ñͻ٠áñ, μáÉáñÁ ·Çï»Ý, áñ Ø3ë3ãáõë»ÃëÁ Ð3Û3ëï3Ý¿Ý 1áõñë 3åñáÕ 3Ù»Ý3Ù»Í Ñ3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3ÛÝùÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏáõÝ ïáõÝÝ ¿, áñáõÝ Ñ3Ù3ñ Ù»Ýù ß3ï »ñç3ÝÇÏ »Ýù§, - Áë3Í ¿ 2ØÜ-Ç å»ï3Ï3Ý ù3ñïáõÕ3ñ »õ Ø3ë3ãáõë»ÃëÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ Í»ñ3Ïáõï3Ï3Ý æáÝ ø»ññÇ:

4

êoðÄ ê2ð¶êo2Ü. §2îðä3⁄4ÚÖ2ÜàôØ  ̧ðàô2Ì 2Î2ÜÜoðÀ êä2èÜàôØ

oÜ ä2ÚÂoȦ

Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3Ý ÚáõÝÇë 5-ÇÝ Ññ3õÇñ3Í ¿ 21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ 2Ýíï3Ý- ·áõû3Ý ÊáñÑáõñ1Ç ÝÇëï: úñ3Ï3ñ·Ç Ñ3ñó»ñáõ ßñç3·ÇÍ¿Ý Ý»ñë ùÝÝ3ñÏáõ3Í »Ý Ð3Û3ë- ï3ÝÇ áõÅ3ÝÇõÃÇ 3Ýíï3Ý·áõû3Ý »õ ï»Õ3Ï3Ý ÇÝùÝ3Ï3é3í3ñÙ3Ý 3Ùñ3åÝ1Ù3Ý Ñ3ñ- ó»ñÁ:

Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÝ 3Ý1ñ313ñÓ3Í ¿ Ý3»õ 2ïñå¿Û×3ÝÇÝ‘ Ù3ëÝ3õáñ3å¿ë, 3ÛÝ Ñ3Ý·3Ù3ÝùÇÝ, áñ Áëï ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÇ, ¦3Û1 »ñÏñÇ ÇßË3ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÷áË3Ý3Ï 1⁄2μ3Õáõ»Ý ë»÷3Ï3Ý åñáμÉ»ÙÝ»ñáí, ÉÍáõ»É »Ý Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 13ñ1ÇÝ 13ñÙ3Ý ÉÇÝ»Éáõ ·áñÍÇݧ: ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3Ý Áë3Í ¿, áñ 3-4 ï3ñÇ¿Ý ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç å3ïÏ»ñÁ ÉÇáíÇÝ åÇïÇ ÷áËáõÇ »õ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ å3ïñ3ëï ÁÉÉ3Û 3Ýáñ:

¦öáñÓa3·¿ïÝ»ñÝ 3ïñå¿Û×3Ý3Ï3Ý 3ÝËáõë3÷»ÉÇ ýÇ3ëÏáÛÇÝ 3ñ1¿Ý »ñÏáõ-»ñ»ù ï3- ñáõó »Ý ëå3ëáõÙ: Þ3ñÅáõ»Éáí 13ë3Ï3Ý μéÝ3å»ïáõû3Ý Ï3ÝáÝÝ»ñáí, 3Û1 »ñÏñÇ ÇßË3- ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ 1⁄2μ3Õáõ3Í »Ý ÙÇ3ÛÝ ë»÷3Ï3Ý ÅáÕáíñ1ÇÝ Ñ3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý ÃßÝ3Ùáõ Ï»ñå3ñÇ Ññ3Ùó- Ù3Ùμ, ·3ñß3Ñáï å3ïÏ»ñ3óáõÙÝ»ñ ï3ñ3Í»Éáí Ù»ñ Ù3ëÇÝ: ØÇÝã1»é Ñ»Ýó 2ïñå¿Û×3ÝáõÙ 1ñáõ3Í Ñ3ë3ñ3Ï3Ï3Ý-ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý »õ ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý 3Ï3ÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý ëå3éÝáõÙ å3ÛÃ»É »õ å3ÛÃ»É ß3ï 3ñ3· áõ Ï3ñÍ»ëa ÙÇ3Å3Ù3Ý3Ï: ØÇõë ÏáÕÙÇó ·3ÉÇë »Ý 3ÝÃ3ùáÛó μéÝ3å»- ïáõû3Ý Ï3Ù μéÝ3å»ï3Ï3Ý é»ÅÇÙÇ Ñ»ï»õ3ÝùÝ»ñÁ: ÀÝ11ÇÙ3ËûëÝ»ñÇ μ3Ýï3ñÏ»ÉÁ, 31⁄23ï Ù3ÙáõÉÇ ·áÛáõû3Ý Ù3ëÇÝ ·ñ»Ã¿ ï»Õ»3Ï ãÉÇÝ»ÉÁ, Ñ3ñÏ31ñ3ÝùÁ, 3Ñé»ÉÇ ÏáéáõåóÇ- 3Ý ÏñÏÝ3ÏÇ áõÅ·Ýáõû3Ùμ »Ý ÛÇß»óáõ»Éáõ 3Ûë »ñÏñáõÙ Ý3õÃ31áÉ3ñÝ»ñÇ Ýáõ31⁄2Ù3ÝÁ 1⁄2áõ- ·ÁÝÃ3ó§, - Áë3Í ¿ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÁ, 3õ»É»óÝ»Éáí, áñ »Ã¿ »ñÏáõ ï3ñÇ 3é3ç 3ïñ- å¿Û×3ÝóÇ »ñÇï3ë3ñ1Ý»ñÁ ÏÁ í3ËÝ3ÛÇÝ áõ ÏÁ Éé¿ÇÝ, 3Ûëûñ 3ñ1¿Ý, ÿ»õ ÷áùñ ËáõÙμ»ñáí, μ3Ûó 3ñ1¿Ý ÏÁ ùÝÝ3ñÏ»Ý, áñ Ëûëù Áë»Éáõ Å3Ù3Ý3ÏÁ ßáõïáí åÇïÇ ·3Û:

Ð2Ú Ê2Ô2Ô2ä2ÐÜoðÀ Î2ðàÔ oÜ ÈÆ ́2Ü2Ü ØoÎÜoÈ 2Úê î2ðàô2Ú ÀÜÂ2òøàôØ

Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÇ Ù3ÙáõÉÇ ËûëÝ3Ï 2ñÍñáõÝ ÚáíÑ3ÝÝÇë- »3ÝÝ Ñ3ëï3ï»ó 3ÛÝ ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñ Ø2Î-Á 1ÇÙ»É ¿ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇÝ‘ ÈÇμ3Ý3ÝáõÙ, êÇñÇ3ÛÇ ë3ÑÙ3ÝÇÝ ÏÇó Ñ3Û Ë3Õ3Õ3å3ÑÝ»ñ ï»Õ3Ï3Û»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ:

¦ÈÇμ3Ý3ÝáõÙ Ø2Î-Ç Ñáí3Ýáõ Ý»ñùáÛ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óáõáÕ Ë3Õ3Õ3å3Ñ 3é3ù»ÉáõÃÇõÝ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñ »ñÏÇñ Ñ3Ý1Çë3óáÕ Æï3ÉÇ3Ý å3ßïûÝ3å¿ë Ø2Î-Ç ÙÇçáóáí 1ÇÙ»É ¿ Ð3- Û3ëï3ÝÇÝ 3é3ù»Éáõû3Ý Ï31⁄2ÙáõÙ Ñ3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý 1⁄2ûñ3ËáõÙμ ÁÝ1·ñÏ»Éáõ 3é3ç3ñÏáõ- û3Ùμ: 1⁄4ûñ3ËáõÙμÁ Çñ3Ï3ÝóÝ»Éáõ ¿ Ë3Õ3Õ3å3Ñ 3é3ù»Éáõû3ÝÁ μÝáñáß ëáíáñ3Ï3Ý ·áñÍ3éáÛÃÝ»ñ: Ð3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý 1⁄2ûñ3ËáõÙμÁ ÁÝ1·ñÏ»Éáõ í»ñ3μ»ñ»3É ÁÝÃ3ÝáõÙ »Ý μ3Ý3Ï- óáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ Ø2Î-Ç »õ Æï3ÉÇ3ÛÇ å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3ñ3ñáõû3Ý Ñ»ï‘ Ï3éáõóáõ3Í- ùÇ, ï»Õ3Ï3ÛÙ3Ý í3ÛñÇ, 3å3ÑáíÙ3Ý, ù3Ý3ÏÇ »õ ÙÇõë Ñ3ñó»ñÇ ßáõñç§, - ¦21⁄23ïáõ- ÃÇõݧ é31ÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇÝ ÷áË3Ýó»ó ËûëÝ3ÏÁ‘ Û3õ»É»Éáí, áñ μ3Ý3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Ýå3ï3- Ïáí Û3çáñ1 ß3μ3à ÐéáÙ ¿ Ù»ÏÝ»Éáõ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3ñ3ñáõû3Ý Ù3ëÝ3·Çï3Ï3Ý 3ßË3ï3Ýù3ÛÇÝ ËáõÙμÁ, ÇÝãÇÝ ÏÁ Û3çáñ1Ç Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ 1⁄2ÇÝáõ3Í áõ- Å»ñÇ ·ÉË3õáñ ßï3μÇ å»ïÇ 3ÛóÁ Æï3ÉÇ3‘ 3õ»ÉÇ Ù3Ýñ3Ù3ëÝ å3ÛÙ3Ý3õáñáõ3Íáõû3Ý Ñ3Ù3ñ:

¦Ü3Ë3ï»ëõáõÙ ¿, áñ 3ñ1¿Ý 3Ûë ï3ñáõ3Û ÁÝÃ3óùáõÙ ÈÇμ3Ý3Ý ÏÁ ·áñÍáõÕáõÇ Ñ3Û- Ï3Ï3Ý »ñÏáõ Ë3Õ3Õ3å3Ñ 13ë3Ï‘ ÙÇÝã»õ 50-60 Ñá·Ç§, - Û3õ»É»ó ÚáíÑ3ÝÝÇë»3ÝÁ:

Àëï å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3ñ3ñáõû3Ý Ù3ÙáõÉÇ ËûëÝ3ÏÇ, Ø2Î-Á Æï3ÉÇ3ÛÇ ÙÇçá- óáí ÝÙ3Ý 3é3ç3ñÏ ¿ 3ñ»É Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇÝ‘ Ñ3ßáõÇ 3éÝ»Éáí Ñ3Û Ë3Õ3Õ3å3ÑÝ»ñÇ μ3ñÓñ Ñ»ÕÇÝ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ Ýñ3Ýó Çñ3Ï3Ý3óñ3Í Ë3Õ3Õ3å3Ñ 3é3ù»Éáõû3Ý μ3ñÓñ Ù3Ï3ñ- 13ÏÁ:

Ð3Û Ë3Õ3Õ3å3ÑÝ»ñÁ, Ë3Õ3Õ3å3Ñ 3é3ù»ÉáõÃÇõÝ »Ý Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÝáõÙ ÎáëáíáÛáõÙ »õ 2ýÕ3Ýëï3ÝáõÙ:

5

§Ð2Ú2êî2ÜÀ, 2 ̧ð ́oæ2ÜÀ oô ìð2êî2ÜÀ ÎàðòÜàôØ oÜ ÆðoÜò

ÜÞ2Ü2ÎàôÂÆôÜÀ ØÆæ21⁄4¶2ÚÆÜ 2êä2ð3⁄41⁄4àôئ

Ð3ñ3õÏáíÏ3ë»3Ý ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇ í»ñ3μ»ñ»3É áõß3·ñ3õ Ûû1áõ3Í ¿ Ññ3å3ñ3Ï»É 3Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý Ñ»ÕÇÝ3Ï3õáñ The American Interest å3ñμ»ñ3Ï3ÝÁ: Úû1áõ3Í3·ÇñÝ»ñ  ̧»ÝÇë ÎáñμáÛÁ, ìÇÉÛ3Ù øáñÃÝÇÝ, èÇã3ñ1 Îá1⁄2É3ñÇãÁ »õ ø»Ý»Ã o3ÉáíÇóÁ, í»ñÉáõÍ»Éáí 2Ý1ñÏáíÏ3- ëáõÙ Ï3ï3ñáõáÕ 1⁄23ñ·3óáõÙÝ»ñÁ, Ï3ñÍÇù »Ý Û3ÛïÝáõÙ, áñ ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇ Ýß3Ý3Ïáõ- ÃÇõÝÁ ÙÇç31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ 3ëå3ñ¿1⁄2áõÙ ·Ý3Éáí Ýáõ31⁄2áõÙ ¿, ÇÝãÇ å3ï×3éÁ ·áÛáõÃÇõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ñ3- Ï3Ù3ñïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ (Õ3ñ3μ3Õ»3Ý, 3μË31⁄23Ï3Ý »õ Ñ3ñ3õûë3Ï3Ý) »õ Ï3é3í3ñÙ3Ý Ïá- éáõÙå3óáõ3Í Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·»ñÝ »Ý: Æñ3íÇ×3ÏÁ ßïÏ»Éáõ áõÕÇÝ, Áëï í»ñÉáõÍ3μ3ÝÝ»ñÇ, Åá- Õáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý μ3ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÇ áõÕáí ÁÝÃ3Ý3ÉÝ áõ Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÉáõÍ»Éáõ áõÕ- Õáõû3Ùμ ù3ÛÉ»ñ Ó»éÝ3ñÏ»ÉÝ ¿...

Ðñ3å3ñ3ÏÙ3Ý μáí3Ý13ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ Ã3ñ·Ù3Ý3μ3ñ Ý»ñÏ3Û3óÝáõÙ »Ýù 3ÙμáÕçáõû3Ùμ.

¦3⁄4ÃÝÇÏ Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ »õ å»ï3Ï3Ý Ï3é3í3ñÙ3Ý 3ñ3ï3õáñ Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·»ñÇ å3ï×3éáí ÃáõÉ3ó3Í Ñ3ñ3õÏáíÏ3ë»3Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ (Ð3Û3ëï3Ý, 21ñμ»ç3Ý, ìñ3ëï3Ý) ÏáñóÝáõÙ »Ý Çñ»Ýó Ýß3Ý3ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ ÙÇç31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ 3ëå3ñ¿1⁄2áõÙ: ÆëÏ 3ñ»õÙï»3Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ, Ùï3Ñá· ÉÇÝ»Éáí Çñ»Ýó ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý ËÝ1ÇñÝ»ñáí »õ Ø»ñÓ3õáñ »õ лé3õáñ 2ñ»õ»ÉùáõÙ 3é- Ï3Û ×·Ý3Å3Ù»ñáí, Ùáé3ÝáõÙ »Ý 3Ûë ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇ Ù3ëÇÝ: 2ñ»õÙáõïùÇ 3ç3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ ëï3Ý3Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ (áñÇ Ï3ñÇùÁ »ñ»ù »ñÏñÝ»ñÝ ¿É 1⁄2·áõÙ »Ý) Ñ3ñ3õÏáíÏ3ë»3Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ å¿ïù ¿ μ3ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÝ»Ý »õ Ýáõ31⁄2»óÝ»Ý ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝáõÙ 3éÏ3Û É3ñáõ3- ÍáõÃÇõÝÁ:

20 ï3ñÇ 3é3ç È»éÝ3ÛÇÝ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ (·ïÝõáõÙ ¿ñ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ Ï31⁄2ÙáõÙ:  ́Ý3Ïãáõû3Ý Ù»Í Ù3ëÁ Ñ3Û»ñ ¿ÇÝ) Ñ3Ù3ñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ »õ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ ÙÇç»õ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í å3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙÇ Ñ»ï»õ3Ýùáí Ñ3ñÇõñ Ñ31⁄23ñ3õáñ Ù3ñ1ÇÏ ÷3Ëëï3Ï3Ý 13ñÓ3Ý: âÝ3Û3Í 1994Ã-ÇÝ ÏÝùáõ3Í 1⁄2ÇÝ31313ñÇ Ù3ëÇÝ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3·ñÇÝa 3Ûëï»Õ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï 3é Å3Ù3Ý3Ï ÷áËÑñ3Ó·áõÃÇõÝ ¿ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ: ØÇç31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÙÇçÝáñ13Ï3Ý ç3Ýù»ñÇ Ó3ËáÕáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ 1⁄2áõ·3Ñ»éa ¿Ý»ñ·3ÏÇñ- Ý»ñáí Ñ3ñáõëï 21ñμ»ç3ÝÝ ûï3ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇó ·Ýáõ3Í ëå3é31⁄2ÇÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ3ßáõÇÝ ÁÝ1- É3ÛÝáõÙ ¿ Çñ é31⁄2Ù3Ï3Ý Ý»ñáõÅÁa »ñμ»ÙÝ ¿É ·»ñ3·Ý3Ñ3ï»Éáí Çñ ÑÝ3ñ3õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: Ð3- Û3ëï3ÝÝ ¿É Ï3ñáÕ ¿ ¦å3ñÍ»Ý3ɧ èáõë3ë3ï3ÝÇ Ñ»ï ÏÝù3Ía 3Ýíï3Ý·áõÃÇõÝÝ 3å3Ñáí»- Éáõ Ù3ëÇÝ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3·ñáí »õ Çñ ï3ñ3ÍùáõÙ éáõë3Ï3Ý é31⁄2Ù3μ31⁄23ÛÇ 3éÏ3Ûáõû3Ùμ: Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÝ ¿É, Áëï ¿áõû3Ý, Ù»Ïáõë3óáõ3Í íÇ×3ÏáõÙ ¿, »õ 3ÛÝ »õë ß3ï 3éáõÙÝ»ñáí ·»- ñ3·Ý3Ñ3ïáõÙ ¿ Çñ ÑÝ3ñ3õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: ÆëÏ 2008 Ã-ÇÝ éáõë3Ï3Ý 1⁄2ûñù»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó 2μ- Ë31⁄2Ç3ÛÇ, Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ úëÇ3ÛÇ »õ Û3ñ3ÏÇó ÙÇ ß3ñù ßñç3ÝÝ»ñÇ (ìñ3ëï3ÝáõÙ) μéÝ31⁄23õ- ÃáõÙÝ 3õ3ñïáõ»ó ÷ËñáõÝ Ë3Õ3Õáõû3Ý Ù3ëÇÝ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝáõû3Ùμ (ÝÏ3ïÇ áõÝÇ 2008 Ã. íñ3ó-éáõë3Ï3Ý å3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙÁ, áñÇ Ñ»ï»õ3Ýùáí ìñ3ëï3ÝÝ 3ÙμáÕçáíÇÝ Ïáñóñ»ó í»ñ3ÑëÏá- ÕáõÃÇõÝÝ ÇÝãå¿ë Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ úëÇ3ÛÇ, 3ÛÝå¿ë ¿É 2μË31⁄2Ç3ÛÇ ÝÏ3ïÙ3Ùμ-Tert.am) èáõë3ë- ï3ÝÁ ×3Ý3ã»ó Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ úëÇ3ÛÇ »õ 2μË31⁄2Ç3ÛÇ 3ÝÏ3ËáõÃÇõÝÁ:): ì»ñáÝß»3ÉÇó μ3óÇ ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3Ý3ÛÇÝ 3Ýíï3Ý·áõû3ÝÁ ëå3éÝáõÙ »Ý 21ñμ»ç3ÝáõÙ ÏáéáõÙå3óáõ3Í ÇßË3- Ýáõû3Ý ·áÛáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ 3ÝÏ3ñ·áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝáõÙ »õ ìñ3ëï3ÝáõÙ å»ï3Ï3Ý Ù3ñÙÇÝÝ»ñÇ 3ÝÏ3ÛáõÝáõÃÇõÝÁ:

2Û1áõÑ3Ý1»ñÓ, ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÁ 1ñ3Ï3Ý ÏáÕÙ»ñ ¿É áõÝÇ: Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ÎáíÏ3ëÁ Ï3ñ»- õáñ »ñÃáõÕÇ ¿a Ù»ñÓÏ3ëå»3Ý ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇó Ý3õÃÝ áõ ·31⁄2Á Ñ3Ù3ßË3ñÑ3ÛÇÝ ßáõÏ3Û Ñ3ëóÝ»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ: 2ÛÝ ó3Ù3ù3ÛÇÝ ïñ3Ýëåáñï3ÛÇÝ Ñ3Ý·áÛó ¿, áñ Ï3å ¿ Ñ3ëï3ïáõÙ oõ- ñáå3ÛÇ, ÙÇç»ñÏñ3Íáí»3Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñÇ, λÝïñáÝ3Ï3Ý 2ëÇ3ÛÇ »õ âÇÝ3ëï3ÝÇ Ñ»ï: 21ñμ»- ç3ÝÝ ¿Ý»ñ·3ÏÇñÝ»ñÇ Ëáßáñ 3ñï31ñáÕ »õ 3ñï3Ñ3ÝáÕ ¿, ÇëÏ Î3ëåÇó ÍáíÇ 3õ31⁄23ÝÇ é»- ëáõñëÝ»ñÁ Ï3ñ»õáñ »Ý oõñáå3ÛÇ ¿Ý»ñ·»ïÇÏ Ï3Ëáõ3ÍáõÃÇõÝÁ èáõë3ëï3ÝÇó Ýáõ31⁄2»óÝ»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ:

2Û1áõÑ3Ý1»ñÓ, Ñ3ßáõÇ 3éÝ»Éáí áñáß ÙÇïáõÙÝ»ñ Å3Ù3Ý3ÏÇ ÁÝÃ3óùáõÙ Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ÎáíÏ3ëÇ ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3Ý3ÛÇÝ Ýß3Ý3ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ Ýáõ31⁄2áõÙ ¿: Ð3Ù3ßË3ñÑ3ÛÇÝ 3é»õïñáõÙ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ Ù3ëÝ3μ3ÅÇÝÁ Ýáõ31⁄2áõÙ ¿, ù3ÝÇ áñ 3ßË3ñÑÇ 3ÛÉ ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÝ»ñáõÙ 3ÏïÇ- õûñ¿Ý 1⁄23ñ·3ÝáõÙ »Ý Ýáñ Û»Õ3÷áË3Ï3Ý ï»ËÝáÉá·Ç3Ý»ñÁ, áñáÝù áõÕÕáõ3Í »Ý ÑáõÙùÇ 3ñ- 1ÇõÝ3Ñ3ÝÙ3Ý Í3õ3ÉÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í3óÙ3ÝÁ: âÝ3Û3Í Ø»ï3ùëÇ ×3Ý3å3ñÑÇ 1»ñÝ 2ýÕ3Ýëï3- ÝáõÙ Ü2îú-Ç áõÅ»ñÇÝ 3ç3Ïó»Éáõ Ñ3ñóáõÙ Ï3ñ»õáñ ¿, 3Û1áõÑ3Ý1»ñÓ »ñμ 1⁄2ûñù»ñÝ 2ýÕ3Ýë- ï3ÝÇó 1áõñë μ»ñáõ»Ý, 3å3 ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇ Ñ3Ý1¿å Ñ»ï3ùñùñáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏÁ Ýáõ31⁄2Ç:

ö»ïñáõ3ñÇÝ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ í»ñÁÝïñáõ»ó 3Û1 å3ßïûÝáõÙ: oñÏñáõÙ, ë3Ï3ÛÝ, ëÏëáõ»óÇÝ μáÕáùÇ 3ÏóÇ3Ý»ñ, ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý íÇ×3ÏÝ 3ÝÏ3ÛáõÝ3ó3õ, Ïá- éáõåóÇ3Ý Í3ÕÏ»ó: 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ »õ ÂáõñùÇ3ÛÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ßñç3÷3Ïáõ3Í ÉÇÝ»Éáõ å3ÛÙ3ÝÝ»ñáõÙ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÁ μ3ñ»É3õáõÙ ¿ Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ Æñ3ÝÇ Ñ»ï: oñÏñÇ ÏñÃáõ3Í μÝ3ÏãáõÃÇõÝÁ, ë3Ï3ÛÝ, ãÇ ëï3ÝáõÙ Çñ Ý»ñáõÅÇÝ »õ áñ3Ï3õáñÙ3ÝÁ Ñ3Ù3ñÅ¿ù 3ßË3ï3í3ñÓ: Ð3Ù3ßË3ñ-

6

Ñ3ÛÇÝ μ3ÝÏÇ ïáõ»3ÉÝ»ñáía Ù¿Ï ßÝãÇÝ μ3ÅÇÝ ÁÝÏÝáÕ ÙÇçÇÝ »Ï3ÙáõïÁ, Áëï ·ÝáÕáõÝ3Ïáõ- û3Ý Ñ3Ù3ñÅ¿ùáõû3Ý, ÁÝ13Ù¿ÝÁ 6 100 3Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý 1áÉ3ñ ¿:

21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ÆÉÑ3Ù 2ÉÇ»õÇ 3íïáñÇï3ñ í3ñã3Ï3ñ·Ç å3ï×3éáí 1Å·Ñáõ- ÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ 3Û1 »ñÏñáõÙ ·Ý3Éáí 3×áõÙ »Ý: Ø3ñïÇ 10-ÇÝ ÇßË3ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ çñó3Ý Ù»ù»Ý3Ý»- ñÇ »õ é»ïÇÝ¿ ·Ý13ÏÝ»ñÇ ÙÇçáóáí óñ»óÇÝ  ́3ùõáõÙ 3ÝóÏ3óáõáÕ ã3ñïûÝáõ3Í 3ÏóÇ3Ý: Ü3õÃÇ »õ ·31⁄2Ç 3ñï3Ñ3ÝáõÙÇó ëï3óáõáÕ »Ï3ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ Ñ3ßáõÇÝ »ñÏñáõÙ ÙÇçÇÝ »Ï3ÙáõïÁ Ï31⁄2ÙáõÙ ¿ 8 960 3Ù»ñÇÏ»3Ý 1áÉ3ñ: ê3Ï3ÛÝ ÑáõÙùÇ 3ñ1ÇõÝÙ3Ý Í3õ3ÉÝ»ñÝ 3Ûë »ñÏñáõÙ 3õ»É3ÝáõÙ »Ý, 3ñï3Ñ3ÝÙ3ÝÁa Ýáõ31⁄2áõÙ: 2Ûë ï3ñ»í»ñçÇÝ Ý3Ë3ï»ëáõ3Í Ý3Ë3·3Ñ3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ïÿ3ÝóÏ3óáõ»Ý ÇßËáÕ í3ñã3Ï3ñ·Ç í»ñ3ÑëÏáÕáõû3Ý Ý»ñùáÛ »õ, 3Ù»Ý3ÛÝ Ñ3õ3Ý3Ï3Ýáõû3Ùμ, Ïÿ3ñÓ3Ý3·ñáõÇ 2ÉÇ»õÇ ¦Ñ»ñÃ3Ï3Ý Û3ÕÃ3Ý3ÏÁ§:

ìñ3ëï3ÝáõÙ 2003Ã-ÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í ¦ì3ñ1»ñÇ Û»Õ3÷áËáõû3ݧ 3ñ1ÇõÝùáõÙ ÇßË3- Ýáõû3Ý »Ï3Ý »ñÇï3ë3ñ1, 3ñ»õÙï3Ù¿ï áõÅ»ñ (·áñÍáÕ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ØÇË¿ÇÉ ê33Ï3ßíÇÉÇÇ ·ÉË3õáñáõû3Ùμ-Tert.am), áñáÝù ëÏë»óÇÝ μ31⁄2Ù3ÃÇõ μ3ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÝ»É: ê3- Ï3ÛÝ Çñ 1Çñù»ñÝ 3Ùñ3åÝ1»Éáõó Û»ïáÛ ØÇË¿ÇÉ ê333Ï3ßíÇÉÇÝ Ñ3Ïáõ»ó 1¿åÇ 3íïáñÇï3- ñÇ1⁄2ÙÁ: 2Ýó3Í ï3ñáõ3Û ÐáÏï»Ùμ»ñÇÝ 3ÝóÏ3óáõ»óÇÝ ìñ3ëï3ÝÇ å3ïÙáõû3Ý 3é3çÇÝ 3ñ13ñ »õ 31⁄23ï ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝó Å3Ù3Ý3Ï Û3ÕÃ3Ý3Ï ï3ñ3õ ÁÝ11ÇÙ31Çñ 13ßÇÝ- ùÁ (·áñÍáÕ í3ñã3å»ï  ́ÇÓÇÝ3 Æí3ÝÇßíÇÉÇÇ ·ÉË3õáñáõû3Ùμ-Tert.am): 2Û1áõÑ3Ý1»ñÓ, å»ï3Ï3Ý Ï3é3í3ñÙ3Ý Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·áõÙ í3ñã3å»ï  ́ÇÓÇÝ3 Æí3ÝÇßíÇÉÇÇ »õ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ØÇ- Ë¿ÇÉ ê33Ï3ßíÇÉÇÇ ÙÇç»õ 3éÏ3Û Ùñó3Ïóáõû3Ý »õ ÙÇÙ»3Ýó ãíëï3Ñ»Éáõ å3ï×3éáí ù3- Õ3ù3Ï3Ý É3ñáõ3ÍáõÃÇõÝ 3Ûë »ñÏñáõÙ ß3ñáõÝ3ÏáõÙ ¿ å3Ñå3Ýáõ»É:

ÄáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý ëÏ1⁄2μáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ËÃ3Ý»Éáõ ìñ3ëï3ÝÇ ûñÇÝ3ÏÁ μ3ó3éÇÏ ¿ Ð3ñ3- õ3ÛÇÝ ÎáíÏ3ëÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ: 2Û1áõÑ3Ý1»ñÓ, ê33Ï3ßíÇÉÇÇ »õ Ýñ3 ÃÇÙ3ÏÇóÝ»ñÇ ÝÏ3ïÙ3Ùμ Æí3ÝÇßíÇÉÇÇ ×3Ùμ3ñÇ ëÏë3Í ùñ¿3Ï3Ý Ñ»ï3åÝ1áõÙÝ»ñÁ Ï3ëÏ3ÍÇ ï3Ï »Ý 3éÝáõÙ 3Û1 Ó»éùμ»ñáõÙÝ»ñÁ: Æí3ÝÇßíÇÉÇÝ, 3Ýíï3Ý·áõû3Ý »õ ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý 1⁄23ñ·3óÙ3Ý ÇÝï»·ñÙ3Ý Ñ3ñó»ñáõÙ Ñ3Û»3óùÝ áõÕÕ»Éáí 1¿åÇ 2ñ»õÙáõïùÁ, ÙÇ3Å3Ù3Ý3Ï Ýáõ31⁄2»óÝáõÙ ¿ èáõë3ëï3- ÝÇ Ñ»ï Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÙ 3éÏ3Û É3ñáõ3ÍáõÃÇõÝÁ. 3Û1 »ñÏÇñÁ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ»É ¿ í»ñ3- Ï3Ý·Ý»É íñ3ó3Ï3Ý ·ÇÝáõ, Ñ3Ýù3ÛÇÝ çñÇ »õ ·ÇõÕ3ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý 3åñ3ÝùÝ»ñÇ Ý»ñÙáõÍáõÙÁ: 2Ûë ·áñÍÁÝÃ3óÁ, ë3Ï3ÛÝ, Ñ»ßï ãÇ ÁÝÃ3Ý3Ûa Ñ3ßáõÇ 3éÝ»Éáí 3ÛÝ, áñ èáõë3ëï3ÝÝ 2μË31⁄2- Ç3Ý »õ Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ úëÇ3Ý ×3Ý3ã»É ¿ áñå¿ë 3ÝÏ3Ë å»ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ: Ø¿Ï ßÝãÇÝ μ3ÅÇÝ ÁÝÏ- ÝáÕ »Ï3ÙáõïÝ 3Ûëï»Õ Ù»Í ã¿a 5 350 1áÉ3ñ ¿, ÇëÏ ·áñÍ31⁄2ñÏáõû3Ý óáõó3ÝÇßÁ Ñ3ë»É ¿ 30 ïáÏáëÇ:

ìÉ31ÇÙÇñ äáõïÇÝÁ ÷áñÓáõÙ ¿ ÙÇ3õáñ»É Ý3ËÏÇÝ ÊáñÑñ13ÛÇÝ ØÇáõû3Ý Ñ3ñ»õ3ÝÝ»- ñÇÝ‘ Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3Ý Ï31⁄2ÙáõÙ, Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÝ áõ ìñ3ëï3ÝÁ, ë3Ï3ÛÝ, Ñ3Ïáõ3Í »Ý Ñ3- Ù3·áñÍ3Ïó»Éáõ ¦3õ»ÉÇ Ñ3ñáõëï oõñ3ÙÇáõû3Ý Ñ»ï§: 21ñμ»ç3ÝÁ »õë Ý3ËÁÝïñáõÙ ¿ Ñ3- Ù3·áñÍ3Ïó»É »õñáå3óÇÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï, áñáÝù Çñ ¿Ý»ñ·3ÏÇñÝ»ñÇ ·ÉË3õáñ ëå3éáÕÝ»ñÝ »Ý, ãÝ3- Û3Í áñ ùÝÝ313ïáõÙ »Ý  ́3ùáõÇÝa Ù3ñ1áõ Çñ3õáõÝùÝ»ñÁ Ë3Ëï»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ:

2Ù»Ý3Ï3ñ»õáñÝ 3ÛÝ ¿, ÿ Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ÎáíÏ3ëÇ »ñÏñÝ»ñÝ ÇÝã »Ý 3ÝáõÙ‘ Çñ»Ýù Çñ»Ýó û·Ý»Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ: È»éÝ3ÛÇÝ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ »õ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ ÙÇç»õ ÇÝã-áñ å3- ï3Ñ3Ï3Ýáõû3Ùμ é31⁄2Ù3Ï3Ý ·áñÍáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñëÏëáõÙÁ Ù3ñ1Ï3ÛÇÝ Ù»Í áÕμ»ñ·áõû3Ý Ï3ñáÕ ¿ Ñ3Ý·»óÝ»Éa Ù»Í ÃÇõáí 1⁄2áÑ»ñáí... È3ñáõ3ÍáõÃÇõÝÁ ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝáõÙ Ï3ñáÕ ¿ å3Ñå3Ýáõ»É 3ÛÝù3Ý Å3Ù3Ý3Ï, ù3ÝÇ 1»é 3Û1 »ñÏñÝ»ñÇ áã ÉÇμ»ñ3É Õ»Ï3í3ñÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý 13- 13ñ»É ¦μ3Ý»óÝ»É 31⁄2·3ÛÝ3Ï3Ýáõû3Ý Ë3Õ3ù3ñïÁ§a Çñ»Ýó ÇßË3ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ å3Ñ»Éáõ Ñ3- Ù3ñ: âÝ3Û3Í ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý áõÅ»ñÁ »õë Ï3ñáÕ »Ý Ë3Õ3É 3Û1 Ë3Õ3ù3ñïáí: ØÇç31⁄2- ·3ÛÇÝ ÙÇçÝáñ13Ï3Ý ç3Ýù»ñÝ 3Ù»Ý3ÛÝ Ñ3õ3Ý3Ï3Ýáõû3Ùμ ÏÁ ß3ñáõÝ3Ïáõ»Ý, ë3Ï3ÛÝ 3Û1 3é3ù»ÉáõÃÇõÝÝ 2ñ»õÙáõïùÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ 3é3çÝ3Ñ»ñÃáõÃÇõÝ ãÇ ÉÇÝÇ 3ÛÝù3Ý Å3Ù3Ý3Ï, ÙÇÝã»õ ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝáõû3Ý ã·3Ý 1⁄2ÇçáõÙÝ»ñÇ ·Ý3Éáõ Ñ3ñóáõÙ: ÄáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý »õ ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý μ3ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñÁ, Û3ïÏ3å¿ë Ð3Û3ëï3ÝáõÙ »õ 21ñμ»ç3ÝáõÙ, Ï3ñ»õáñ Ýß3- Ý3ÏáõÃÇõÝ áõÝ»Ý »õ 1ñ3Ýó Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÙ3Ý 3ÝÑñ3Å»ßïáõÃÇõÝÁ í3Õáõó 3ñ1¿Ý Ñ3ëáõÝ3ó»É ¿:

2ÙμáÕç ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝáõÙ 3×áõÙ ¿ 3Õù3ïáõû3Ý »õ ÏáéáõåóÇ3ÛÇ Ù3Ï3ñ13ÏÁa ¿É 3õ»- ÉÇ Ëáñ3óÝ»Éáí 3éÏ3Û ëáóÇ3É3Ï3Ý ËÝ1ÇñÝ»ñÁ: ê3 í»ñ3μ»ñáõÙ ¿ Ý3»õ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇÝ, áñÁ, ãÝ3Û3Í Çñ Ý3õÃ3ÛÇÝ å3ß3ñÝ»ñÇÝ, ¦3é3ÝÓÝ3ÝáõÙ ¿§ »Ï3ÙáõïÝ»ñÇ 3ÝÑ3Ù3ã3÷ μ3ßËÙ3Ý Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·áí:

2ØÜ-Ç ÏáÕÙÇó Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ÎáíÏ3ëÇÝ Û3ïÏ3óáõáÕ ïÝï»ë3Ï3Ý û·Ýáõû3Ý ã3÷Á ·Ý3Éáí Ýáõ31⁄2áõÙ ¿, ÇëÏ oõñ3ÙÇáõÃÇõÝÁ ç3Ýù»ñÁ Ï»ÝïñáÝ3óñ»É ¿ Çñ ýÇÝ3Ýë3Ï3Ý ËÝ1Çñ- Ý»ñÇ íñ3Û: oÿ Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ÎáíÏ3ëÇ »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ Éñ3óáõóÇã ç3Ýù»ñ ã·áñÍ31ñ»Ý Çñ»Ýó ËÝ1ÇñÝ»ñÁ ÉáõÍ»Éáõ áõÕÕáõû3Ùμ, 3å3 2ñ»õÙáõïùÇ û·ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿É ÏÁ Ýáõ31⁄2Ç: 2008Ã-ÇÝ èáõë3ëï3ÝÇ Ý»ñËáõÅáõÙÁ ìñ3ëï3Ý óáÛó ïáõ»ó, áñ 3ÝÑñ3Å»ßï ¿ 3õ»ÉÇ 3ÏïÇõ »õ í×é3- Ï3Ý ÉÇÝ»É 3Ûë »ñÏñÝ»ñÇÝ û·ÝáõÃÇõÝ ïñ3Ù31ñ»Éáõ Ñ3ñóáõÙ, áñå¿ë1⁄2Ç Ýñ3Ýù Ï3ñáÕ3Ý3Ý

7

1ÇÙ3Ï3Û»É å3ñï31ñ3ÝùÇ ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇÝ: oñμ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ ¿Ý»ñ·»ïÇÏ Ï3ñ»õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ Ýáõ3- 1⁄2Ç, 3å3 3Û1 »ñÏÇñÝ 2ñ»õÙáõïùÇ áõß31ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏÁ Ï3ñáÕ3Ý3Û ¦·ñ3õ»É§ ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñ3- Ï3Ý Ó»éùμ»ñáõÙÝ»ñáí: Ð3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý ë÷ÇõéùÁ 1⁄2·3ÉÇûñ¿Ý û·ÝáõÙ ¿ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇÝ, ë3Ï3ÛÝ 13 μ3õ3ñ3ñ ã¿. Ù»Ïáõë3óáõÙÇó 1áõñë ·3Éáõ Ñ3Ù3ñ 3õ»ÉÇ Ù»Í ÙÇç31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ 3ç3ÏóáõÃÇõÝ ¿ 3ÝÑñ3Å»ßï: ÆëÏ 13 Ýß3Ý3ÏáõÙ ¿, áñ 3ÝÑñ3Å»ßï ¿ μ3ñ»É3õ»É íÇ×3ÏÁ »ñÏñÇ Ý»ñëáõÙ:

¿»õ Ñ3ñ3õÏáíÏ3ë»3Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñÝ ¦3é3çÁÝÃ3óÇ ×3Ý3å3ñÑáí§ ß3ï 13Ý13Õ »Ý ÁÝÃ3- ÝáõÙ, 3Û1áõÑ3Ý1»ñÓa 2ñ»õÙáõïùÁ å¿ïù ¿ ß3ñáõÝ3ÏÇ ç3Ýù»ñÝ 3Û1 ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇ Ï3Ûáõ- ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ 3Ýíï3Ý·áõÃÇõÝÝ 3Ùñ3åÝ1»Éáõ áõÕÕáõû3Ùμ: oõñ3ÙÇáõÃÇõÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ 31⁄23ï 3é»õïñÇ å3ÛÙ3Ý3·Çñ ÏÝùÇ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ »õ ìñ3ëï3ÝÇ Ñ»ï, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ 21ñμ»ç3ÝÇ Ñ»ï, »ñμ í»ñçÇÝë 13éÝ3Û 2é»õïñÇ Ñ3Ù3ßË3ñÑ3ÛÇÝ Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñåáõû3Ý 3Ý13Ù: ÜáÛÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ 3ÝÇ Ý3»õ 2ØÜ-Á: 2ñ»õÙáõïùÇ ÏáÕÙÇó 3Û1 »ñÏñÝ»ñÇ ù3Õ3ù3óÇ3Ï3Ý Ñ3ë3ñ3ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ 3ç3Ïó»ÉÁ Ï3ñ»õáñ Ýß3Ý3ÏáõÃÇõÝ áõÝÇ:

oÿ Ñ3ñ3õÏáíÏ3ë»3Ý »ñÏñÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý ó3ÝÏ3ÝáõÙ Ù»Ïáõë3óáõ3Í ÙÝ3É, 3å3 å¿ïù ¿ μéÝ»Ý 1ñ3Ï3Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ Ï3ï3ñ»Éáõ áõÕÇÝ »õ Ññ3Å3ñáõ»Ý Ýáñ Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñïáõÃÇõÝ- Ý»ñÇó: Ð3Ï3é3Ï 1¿åùáõÙ ï3ñ3Í3ßñç3ÝÇ 3å3·3Ý Ùßáõßáï ÏÁ ÉÇÝǧ:

êÆôÜÆøÆ Ø2ð1⁄4äoîÆ àð ̧ÆÜ oô ÂÆÎÜ2ä2ÐÀ Î2È2Ü2ôàðàôoÈ oÜ

ÈÇ31⁄2ûñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï3õáñ3å¿ë 1313ñ»óñ3Í êÇõÝÇùÇ Ù3ñ1⁄2å»ïÇ áñ1ÇÝ »õ ÃÇÏÝ3å3ÑÁ Ï3É3Ý3õáñáõ3Í »Ý:

ä3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3ñ3ñáõû3Ý ùÝÝã3Ï3Ý Í3é3ÛáõÃÇõÝÁ Ýñ3Ýó Ù»Õ31ñ3ÝùÝ»ñ ¿ 3é3ç31ñ»É øñ¿3Ï3Ý ûñ¿Ýë·ñùÇ »ñ»ù Ûû1áõ3ÍÝ»ñÇ Û3ïÏ3ÝÇßÝ»ñáí: îÇ·ñ3Ý Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ »õ 1⁄43ñ1⁄23Ý1 ÜÇÏáÕáë»3ÝÁ Ù»Õ31ñõáõÙ »Ý ß3ï»ñÇ Ï»3ÝùÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ íï3Ý·3õáñ »Õ3Ý3Ïáí Ï3ï3ñ3Í ëå3Ýáõû3Ý, 1Çï3õáñáõû3Ùμ 3éáÕçáõû3ÝÁ Í3Ýñ íÝ3ë å3ï×3é»Éáõ »õ 3åû- ñÇÝÇ 1⁄2¿Ýù- 1⁄2ÇÝ3Ùûñù Ïñ»Éáõ Ù¿ç: ö3ëïûñ¿Ý, Áëï ùÝÝã3Ï3Ý Ù3ñÙÝÇ, ÚáõÝÇëÇ 1-ÇÝ Ù3ñ1⁄2- å»ïÇ áñ1ÇÝ »õ ÃÇÏÝ3å3ÑÁ  ́áõ13Õ»3Ý »Õμ3ÛñÝ»ñÇ íñ3Û ï3ÝÁ å3ÑáõáÕ 3åûñÇÝÇ 1⁄2¿ÝùÇó »Ý Ïñ3Ï μ3ó»É:

êÇõÝÇùÇ Ù3ñ1⁄2Ç ÁÝ1Ñ3Ýáõñ Çñ3õ3ëáõû3Ý 13ï3ñ3ÝÁ Ù»ñÅ»É ¿ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÇ »õ ÜÇ- ÏáÕáë»3ÝÇ ÝÏ3ïÙ3Ùμ Ýß3Ý3Ïáõ3Í »ñÏ3Ùë»3Û Ï3É3ÝùÁ ·ñ3õáí ÷áË3ñÇÝ»Éáõ ÙÇçÝáñ1áõ- ÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ:

Ø3ñ1⁄2å»ï êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÇ ï3Ý Ùûï ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í 1¿åùÇ Ñ»ï»õ3Ýùáí, 3Ýó3Í ß3μ3à ûñ 1⁄2áÑáõ»É ¿ñ ¶áñÇëÇ ù3Õ3ù3å»ïÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ Ã»ÏÝ3Íáõ 2õ»ïÇù  ́áõ13Õ»3ÝÁ: ìÇñ3- õáñáõ»É ¿ÇÝ Ýñ3 »Õμ3ÛñÁ‘ 2ñï3Ï  ́áõ13Õ»3ÝÁ »õ ÜÇÏáÉ3Û 2μñ3Ñ3Ù»3ÝÁ, áí Ù3ñ1⁄2å»ïÇ 31⁄2·3Ï3ÝÝ áõ ÃÇÏÝ3å3ÑÝ ¿: ÎñÍù3í3Ý13ÏÇó Ý»ñù»õ íÝ3ëáõ3ÍùÝ»ñ ëï3ó3Í 2ñï3Ï  ́áõ- 13Õ»3ÝÁ Ý3Ë ¶áñÇëÇ ÑÇõ3Ý13Ýáó ¿ñ ï»Õ3÷áËáõ»É, 3å3 oñ»õ3Ý‘ 1⁄4ÇÝáõáñ3Ï3Ý ÑáëåÇ- ï3É: ¶áñÇëÇ 1⁄2ûñ3Ù3ëÇ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÇÝ ÑÝ3ñ3õáñ ¿ Ù¿Ï 3Ý·3Ù ¿É íÇñ3Ñ3ï»Ý:

¶áñÇëÇ ù3Õ3ù3å»ïÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ Ã»ÏÝ3Íáõ 2õ»ïÇù  ́áõ13Õ»3ÝÇ Ñ3ñ31⁄23ïÝ»ñÁ ¦21⁄23- ïáõÃÇõݧ é31ÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇ Ñ»ï 1⁄2ñáÛóáõÙ Ñ3Ùá1⁄2ÙáõÝù Û3ÛïÝ»óÇÝ, áñ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3ÍÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ Ù»Õ3õáñ ¿ êÇõÝÇùÇ Ù3ñ1⁄2å»ïÁ: Üñ3Ýù ÝßáõÙ ¿ÇÝ, áñ ëå3ÝÝáõ3Í 2õ»ïÇù  ́áõ13Õ»3ÝÁ ¶á- ñÇëáõÙ ÙÇ3Ï Ù3ñ1Ý ¿ñ, áí 2010 Ãáõ3Ï3ÝÇÝ Ñ3Ù3ñÓ3Ïáõ»É ¿ñ ûÏÝ3ÍáõÃÇõÝÝ 3é3ç31ñ»É Ù3ñ1⁄2å»ïÇ Ñáí3Ý3õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ í3Û»ÉáÕ ·áñÍáÕ ù3Õ3ù3å»ïÇa Ð3Ýñ3å»ï3Ï3Ý Ïáõë3Ïóáõ- û3Ý Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõóÇã Ü»ÉëáÝ àëÏ3Ý»3ÝÇ 1¿Ù: ¶áñÇëÇ ù3Õ3ù3å»ïÇ Û3çáñ1 ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»- ñÁ Ý3Ë3ï»ëáõ3Í »Ý »ÏáÕ ï3ñÇ:

2ðî2Î 1⁄42ø2ðo2Ü. §Ð2Ú-èàôê2Î2Ü Ð2Ø2¶àðÌ2ÎòàôÂo2ÜÜ 2ÚÈÀÜîð2Üø âÎ2Ú¦

Ð3Û-éáõë3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3·áñÍ3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ 3ÛÉÁÝïñ3Ýù ãáõÝÇ, 3ñÓ3·3Ýù»Éáí Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3ÝÝ ÇÝï»·ñáõ»Éáõ Ù3ëÇÝ ØÇÝëÏáõÙ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ í3ñã3å»ïÇ 3ñï3Û3Ûï3Í å3ï- ñ3ëï3Ï3Ùáõû3ÝÁ, ¦21⁄23ïáõÃÇõݧ é31ÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇ Ñ»ï 1⁄2ñáÛóáõÙ ÝÙ3Ý Ï3ñÍÇù Û3ÛïÝ»ó 21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ ÅáÕáíÇ 3ñï3ùÇÝ Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Ùßï3Ï3Ý Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ, Ñ3Ý- ñ3å»ï3Ï3Ý 2ñï3Ï 1⁄43ù3ñ»3ÝÁ:

8

¦Ø»ñ é31⁄2Ù3í3ñ3Ï3Ý ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÝ »Ý, »õ Ñ3Û-éáõë3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3·áñÍ3ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ »ñ- μ»ù ãÇ Ï3ñ»ÉÇ Ñ3Ù»Ù3ïáõû3Ý Ù¿ç 1Ý»É 3ÛÉ Ñ3ñÃáõû3Ý Ñ3Ù3·áñÍ3Ïóáõû3Ý Ñ»ï§, - 3ë3ó 1⁄43ù3ñ»3ÝÁ:

Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÁ 3ÛÅÙ oõñ3ÙÇáõû3Ý Ñ»ï μ3Ý3ÏóáõÙ ¿ 2ëáó3óÙ3Ý Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3·ñÇ áõ Êá- ñÁ »õ Ñ3Ù3å3ñ÷3Ï 31⁄23ï 3é»õïñÇ å3ÛÙ3Ý3·ñÇ ßáõñç: 2Ýó3Í ï3ñ»í»ñçÇÝ oõñ3ÙÇáõ- û3Ý 3ñï3ùÇÝ Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ ·ÉË3õáñ Û3ÝÓÝ3Ï3ï3ñÇ ËûëÝ3Ï Ø3Û3 ÎáãÇ»3ÝÇãÁ ¦21⁄23ïáõÃÇõݧ é31ÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇ Ñ»ï 1⁄2ñáÛóáõÙ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ»É ¿ñ‘ »Ã¿ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÁ áñáßÇ ÙÇ3Ý3É áñ»õ¿ Ù3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3Ý, 3å3 13 3ÝÑ3Ù3ï»Õ»ÉÇ ÏÁ ÉÇÝÇ oõñ3ÙÇáõû3Ý »õ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ ÙÇç»õ ÏÝùáõ»ÉÇù »ñÏÏáÕÙ3ÝÇ ÊáñÁ »õ Ñ3Ù3å3ñ÷3Ï 31⁄23ï 3é»õïñÇ å3ÛÙ3Ý3·ñÇ Ñ»ï:

oõñ3ÙÇáõû3Ý Ñ»ï Çñ3Ï3Ý3óáõáÕ áñ»õ¿ Íñ3·Çñ ãÇ 1313ñ»óáõÇ, 3Ý·3Ù ãÇ 13Ý13- ÕÇ, Ñ3Ùá1⁄2áõ3Í ¿ 2Ä 3ñï3ùÇÝ Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÇ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÁ: 1⁄43ù3ñ»3ÝÝ 3ëáõÙ ¿‘ oõñ3ÙÇáõÃÇõÝÁ í»ñçÇÝ ßñç3ÝáõÙ Ñ3ñóÁ ÏïñáõÏ ãÇ 1ÝáõÙ‘ Ï3Ù »õñ3ÇÝï»·ñáõÙ, Ï3Ù èáõë3ëï3ÝÇ Ñ»ï Ù3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõÃÇõÝ, ù3ÝÇ áñ Ñ3ëÏ3ÝáõÙ ¿‘ ãÇ Ï3ñáÕ ÏáñóÝ»É Ð3- Û3ëï3ÝÁ »õ Ñ3ñó3Ï3ÝÇ ï3Ï 1Ý»É 2ñ»õ»É»3Ý ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñáõû3Ý Íñ3·ÇñÁ:

2Ä 3ñï3ùÇÝ Û3ñ3μ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Û3ÝÓÝ3ÅáÕáíÇ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÁ, ÛÕáõÙ Ï3ï3ñ»Éáí »õñá- å3óÇ å3ßïûÝ»3Ý»ñÇÝ, 3ë3ó‘ oõñ3ÙÇáõû3Ý »õ Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3Ý Ñ»ï Ñ3Ù3·áñÍ3Ï- óáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý Ñ3Ï3ëáõÙ ÙÇÙ»3Ýó:

oÿ Ý3ËÏÇÝáõÙ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ ÇßË3ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ñ»ñùáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3ÝÁ 3Ý13- Ù3Ïó»Éáõ ÑÝ3ñ3õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ, 3ÛÅÙ 3Û1åÇëÇ Ñ3ëï3ï3Ï3ÙáõÃÇõÝ ãÏ3Û:

§Ð2Ø2Î2ð¶À àâ ØÆ2ÚÜ âÆ àô1⁄4àôØ, 2ÚÈoô âÆ Î2ðàÔ öàÊoÈ Æð  ́ÜàÚÂÜ àô 3⁄4àôÂÆôÜÀ¦

21⁄2·3ÛÇÝ Ýå3ï3ÏÝ»ñÇ »õ ËÝ1ÇñÝ»ñÇ 3é3ç31ñÙ3Ý »õ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÙ3ÝÝ áõÝ3Ï Ï3é3- í3ñÙ3Ý Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ· áõÝ»óáÕ å»ïáõû3Ý ÑÇÙÝ31ñÙ3Ý ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý ·áñÍÁÝÃ3óÇ Ý3Ë3Ó»é- ÝáÕ ËáõÙμÁa Ü3Ë3ËáñÑñ13ñ3ÝÁ ï3ñ3Í»É ¿ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñáõÃÇõÝ, áñáõÙ 3Ý1ñ313ñÓ»É ¿ ¶áñÇë ù3Õ3ùáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í ÙÇç31¿åÇÝ:

Ú3Ûï3ñ3ñáõû3Ý Ù¿ç Ø3ëÝ3õáñ3μ3ñ 3ëõáõÙ ¿.

¦2013 Ã. ÚáõÝÇëÇ 1-Ç »ñ»ÏáÛ»3Ý ¶áñÇë ù3Õ3ùáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í Û3ÛïÝÇ ÙÇç31¿åÇ 1⁄2á- Ñ»ñÇó Ù¿ÏÁ Ð3Ûñ»ÝÇùÇ å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý ·áñÍÇÝ Çñ Ï»3Ýùáí ÝáõÇñáõ3Í Ñ»ñÃ3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ûáñ- 1ÇÝ ¿‘ 1⁄2ûñ3Ù3ëÇ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñ, ·Ý13å»ï 2ñï3Ï  ́áõ13Õ»3ÝÁ:

 ̧»é ãÇ Éñ3ó»É ùñ¿3Ï3Ý μ3ñù»ñÇ íñ3Û ÑÇÙÝáõ3Í Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·ÇÝ 1⁄2áÑ ·Ý3ó3Í 1⁄2ÇÝáõá- ñ3Ï3Ý μÅÇßÏ, μáõÅÍ3é3Ûáõû3Ý Ù3Ûáñ, »ñÏáõ Ù3ÝÏ3Ñ3ë3Ï »ñ»Ë3Ý»ñÇ Ñ3Ûñ ì3Ñ¿ 2õ»ï- »3ÝÇ‘ 3é3ÝÓÝ3ÏÇ 13Å3Ýáõû3Ùμ Ï3ï3ñáõ3Í ëå3Ýáõû3Ý 1¿åùÇ Ù¿Ï ï3ñÇÝ: 2Û1 ·áñÍÇ Ñ3Ý·3Ù3ÝùÝ»ñÁ Ý3Ë3ùÝÝáõû3Ý Ù3ñÙÝÇ »õ 13ï3Ë31⁄2áõû3Ý ·áñÍ3Ïóáõû3Ùμ ÏáÍÏáõ»- óÇÝ, Ù»Õ3õáñÝ»ñÇ ÙÇ 1⁄2·3ÉÇ Ù3ëÁ ã»Ý Ï3ÝãõáõÙ ùñ¿3Ï3Ý å3ï3ëË3Ý3ïáõáõû3Ý:

2ÙÇëÝ»ñ 3é3ç Û3Ýó3õáñ Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·ÇÝ 1⁄2áÑ ·Ý3ó äéáß»3ÝÇ ·ÇõÕ3å»ï, ÞáõßÇÇ 3é3ÝÓÝ3ÏÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇ ÑÇÙÝ31Çñ-3Ý13Ù, ãáñë ÷áùñ3Ñ3ë3Ï »ñ»Ë3Ý»ñÇ Ñ3Ûñ Ðñ3ã Øáõ- ñ31»3ÝÁ: Üñ3 ëå3ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÙÇÝã ûñë ãÇ μ3ó3Û3Ûïáõ»É:

2ñ1»Ý 3ÏÝÛ3Ûï ¿, áñ ÝáÛÝ Ó»é3·ñáí »õ ·áñÍ»É3á×áí ¿ ÁÝÃ3ÝáõÙ Ý3»õ Ý»ñÏ3ÛáõÙë Ï»3ÝùÇ áõ Ù3Ñáõ3Ý ÙÇç»õ ·ïÝáõáÕ ·Ý13å»ï 2ñï3Ï  ́áõ13Õ»3ÝÇÝ Í3Ýñ Ù3ñÙÝ3Ï3Ý íÝ3ëáõ3ÍùÝ»ñ Ñ3ëóÝ»Éáõ »õ Ýñ3 »ÕμáñÁ‘ 2õ»ïÇù  ́áõ13Õ»3ÝÇÝ, Ï»3ÝùÇó 1⁄2ñÏ»Éáõ‘ ë.Ã. ÚáõÝÇëÇ 1-ÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í 1¿åùÇ ùÝÝáõÃÇõÝÁ:

Ü3Ë3ËáñÑñ13ñ3ÝÁ Ñ3Ùá1⁄2ÙáõÝù ¿ Û3ÛïÝáõÙ, áñ Ù»ñ ÅáÕáíáõñ1Á, 3Û1 ÃõáõÙ‘ Ñ3Ûñ»ÝÇ- ùÇ ×3Ï3ï3·ñáí Ùï3Ñá· Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ»ñÁ, ëå3Ý»ñÁ »õ 31⁄23ï3Ù3ñïÇÏÝ»ñÝ 3Ûë 1¿å- ù»ñÇó Û»ïáÛ ÙÇ3Ý·3Ù3ÛÝ ëÃ3÷ Ï»ñåáí 3ñ1¿Ý ·Çï3ÏóáõÙ »Ý, áñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝáõÙ Ñ3ëï3ï- áõ»É ¿ 3å31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ áõ Ñ3Ï3Ù3ñ1Ï3ÛÇÝ Ï3é3í3ñÙ3Ý Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·, áõëïÇ 3ÛÝ 3ÝÑñ3Å»ßï ¿ ûñ 3é3ç Ë3Õ3Õ, Çñ3õ3Ï3Ý »õ ÅáÕáíñ13í3ñ3Ï3Ý Ù»Ãá1Ý»ñÇ ·áñÍ31ñÙ3Ùμ ÷áË3ñÇÝ»É 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ áõ Ù3ñ13ëÇñ3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3Ï3ñ·áí§:

9

Ê2ÊîàôØÜoð 3⁄4 2ðÒ2Ü2¶ðoÈ ÐÆôêÆê-Ð2ð2ô 2ôîàØ2ÚðàôÔàô ÞÆÜ2ð2ðàôÂÆôÜàôØ

ì»ñ3ÑëÏÇã å3É3ïÇ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ ÆßË3Ý 1⁄43ù3ñ»3ÝÝ Éñ3·ñáÕÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï Ñ3Ý1ÇåÙ3ÝÁ ¦Ë3Ûï3é3ÏáõÃÇõݧ áñ3Ï»ó ÐÇõëÇë-Ð3ñ3õ ×3Ý3å3ñÑ3ÛÇÝ ÙÇç3ÝóùÇ ßÇÝ3ñ3ñáõû3Ý ÁÝ- Ã3óùáõÙ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óáõáÕ í»ñ3ÑëÏáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ:

¦2Ý1⁄2¿Ý 3ãùáí ï»ëÝáõÙ »Ýù μ3ó3ñÓ3Ï3å¿ë 3Ýáñ3Ï 3ßË3ï3Ýù§, - Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ»ó Æß- Ë3Ý 1⁄43ù3ñ»3ÝÁ‘ áñå¿ë 3å3óáÛó Ý»ñÏ3Û3óÝ»Éáí ÙÇ ß3ñù Éáõë3ÝÏ3ñÝ»ñ:

Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ »õ ìñ3ëï3ÝÇ ë3ÑÙ3Ý3ÛÇÝ Ï¿ïÇó 3õ»ÉÇ ù3Ý 500 ÏÙ μ3ñÓñ3Ï3ñ·, μ»- ïáÝÇ3 Í3ÍÏáÛÃáí 3õïáÙáμÇÉ3ÛÇÝ ×3Ý3å3ñÑÇ ßÇÝ3ñ3ñáõû3Ý 3õ3ñïÁ Ý3Ë3ï»ëáõ3Í ¿ 2017 Ãáõ3Ï3ÝÇÝ: Ìñ3·ñÇ ÁÝ1Ñ3Ýáõñ 3ñÅ¿ùÁ 962 ÙÇÉÇáÝ 1áÉ3ñ ¿:

ÞÇÝ3ñ3ñ3Ï3Ý 3ßË3ï3ÝùÝ»ñÁ í»ñ3ÑëÏáÕ Íñ3·ñÇ Ï3é3í3ñÙ3Ý ËáñÑñ13ïáõÝ ¿ ¦ê3ý¿ß§ ýñ3ÝëÇ3Ï3Ý ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÁa Çëå3Ý3Ï3Ý ¦¿åÇïÇë3§ ÁÝÏ»ñáõû3Ý Ñ»ï Ñ3Ù3- ï»Õ: Ìñ3·ñÇ Ï3é3í3ñÙ3Ý ËáñÑñ13ïáõÇ å3ñï3õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿ Ý3»õ ýÇÝ3Ýë3Ï3Ý Ï3é3- í3ñÙ3Ý »õ ·ÝáõÙÝ»ñÇ ·áñÍÁÝÃ3óÇ ·Ý3Ñ3ïáõÙÁ:

ì»ñ3ÑëÏÇã å3É3ïÇ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÁ Ññ3å3ñ3Ï»ó Éáõë3ÝÏ3ñÝ»ñ, áñáÝù 3å3óáõóáõÙ ¿ÇÝ, áñ ¦ï»ËÝÇÏ3Ï3Ý í»ñ3ÑëÏáÕáõÃÇõÝ Çñ3Ï3ÝóÝáÕ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝÁ μ3ó3ñÓ3Ï3å¿ë ãÇ Ï3ï3- ñ»É Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ3·ñáí Çñ»Ý í»ñ3å3Ñáõ3Í ÉÇ31⁄2ûñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ§, ÇÝãÇ Ï3å3Ïóáõû3Ùμ Ï31⁄2Ù- áõ»É 3 3ñÓ3Ý3·ñáõÃÇõÝ, áñáÝù Ý»ñÏ3Û3óáõ»É »Ý ýñ3Ýë-Çëå3Ý3Ï3Ý Ñ3Ù3ï»Õ Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñ- åáõû3ÝÁ. - ¦Ø»Ýù 13 Ï¿ïáí Ë3ËïáõÙÝ»ñ »Ýù ïáõ»É§:

2Ûë ï3ñáõ3Û 2åñÇÉÇÝ, ¦ÐÇõëÇë-Ñ3ñ3õ ×3Ý3å3ñÑ3ÛÇÝ ÙÇç3ÝóùÇ Ý»ñ1ñáõÙ3ÛÇÝ Íñ3·ñÇ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÙ3Ý å»ï3Ï3Ý áã 3é»õïñ3ÛÇÝ Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñåáõû3ݧ ·áñÍ31Çñ ïÝûñ¿Ý 2ñ3 Úáíë¿÷»3ÝÝ 31⁄23ïáõ»É ¿ 3ßË3ï3ÝùÇó:

ÆßË3Ý 1⁄43ù3ñ»3ÝÝ 3ë3ó, áñ Ë3ËïáõÙÝ»ñÁ μ3ó3Û3Ûï»ÉáõÝ å¿ë 1⁄2»Ïáõó»É ¿ ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÇÝ. - ¦2ñ1ÇõÝùáõÙ Íñ3·ñ»ñÇ Çñ3Ï3Ý3óÙ3Ý ïÝûñ¿ÝÁ 31⁄23ïáõ»É ¿ 3ßË3ï3Ý- ùÇó§:

¦â·Çï»Ù ÇÝãÇ Ù3ëÇÝ ¿ ËûëùÁ§, - Ýßáõ3Í Ë3ËïáõÙÝ»ñÇ í»ñ3μ»ñ»3É ¦21⁄23ïáõÃÇõݧ é31ÇáÏ3Û3ÝÇ Ñ3ñóÇÝ å3ï3ëË3Ý»ó 2ñ3 Úáíë¿÷»3ÝÁ‘ ß3ñáõÝ3Ï»Éáí. - ¦ØÇ 3ÙÇë 3é3ç 3ñÓ3Ý3·ñáõÃÇõÝ »Õ»É ¿, 1ñ3Ý å3ï3ëË3Ý áõÕ3ñÏáõ»É ¿: 2Û1 3ßË3ï3ÝùÝ»ñÁ á’ã ÁÝ1áõÝ- áõ»É ¿ÇÝ, á’ã ¿É í×3ñáõ»É ¿ÇÝ: 2ÛëÇÝùÝ‘ áñ»õ¿ ã3ñ3ß3ÑáõÙ ÙÇ 3ÙÇë 3é3ç ãÇ »Õ»É:  ́3ó3é- õáõÙ »Ý 1ñ3Ýù§:

Úáíë¿÷»3ÝÁ Ññ3Å3ñáõ»É Ù»ÏÝ3μ3Ý»É Çñ»Ý 3ßË3ï3ÝùÇó 31⁄23ï»Éáõ Ù3ëÇÝ áñáßáõÙÁ:

êä2èÜ2ÈÆøÜoð ÄÆð2Úð ê3⁄4üÆÈo2ÜÆ  ̧3⁄4Ø

ÄÇñ3Ûñ ê¿ýÇÉ»3ÝÇÝ ëå3éÝ3óáÕÝ»ñÁ Ýå3ï3Ï »Ý 1ñ»É áãÝã3óÝ»Éáõ 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ Ùï3- ÍáÕáõÃÇõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ »õ Ñ3Ûñ»ÝÇùÇÝ ÝáõÇñáõ3Í Ñ3Ûáñ1ÇÝ»ñÇÝ: 2Ûë Ù3ëÇÝ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñáõÃÇõÝ ¿ ï3ñ3Í»É ¦ÞáõßÇÇ 3é3ÝÓÝ3ÏÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ϧ 31⁄23ï3Ù3ñïÇÏÝ»ñÇ ÙÇ3õáñáõÙÁ:

¦21⁄2·áõñ3ó »õ Ñ3Ûñ»Ý313õ áõÅ»ñÁ ëå3Ýáõû3Ý ëå3éÝ3ÉÇù »Ý áõÕÕ»É ÞáõßÇÇ 3é3ÝÓ- Ý3ÏÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñ, Ù»ñ Ù3ñï3Ï3Ý ÁÝÏ»ñ, ¦ÞáõßÇÇ 3é3ÝÓÝ3ÏÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇ 31⁄23ï3Ù3ñïÇÏÝ»ñÇ ÙÇ3õáñáõÙ§ Ñ3ë3ñ3Ï3Ï3Ý Ï31⁄2Ù3Ï»ñåáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3- ·3Ñ ÄÇñ3Ûñ ê¿ýÇÉ»3ÝÇÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý3»õ Ñ»ï3åÝ1áõÙ »õ Ñ3É3ÍáõÙ »Ý Ýñ3 ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý Ñ3- Ù3ËáÑÝ»ñÇÝ:

¦Ø»ñ Ñ3Ûñ»ÝÇùáõÙ ëáíáñ3Ï3Ý »ñ»õáÛà ¿ 13éÝáõÙ Ù3ñ1Ï3Ýó 3Ñ3μ»ÏáõÙÁ Ýñ3Ýó Ñ3Ûñ»- Ý3Ýáõ¿ñ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû3Ý Ñ3Ù3ñ: ÜÙ3Ý ûñÇÝ3Ï ¿ ëáÛÝ Ãáõ3Ï3ÝÇ 2åñÇÉÇ 2-ÇÝ Ð3Ûñ»ÝÇùÇ »õ Çñ ·ÇõÕÇ Ñá·ë»ñáí 3åñáÕ äéáß»3ÝÇ ·ÇõÕ3å»ï Ðñ3ã Øáõñ31»3ÝÇ 13õ31Çñ ëå3ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ: Ðñ3ã Øáõñ31»3ÝÁ Ý3»õ ÞáõßÇÇ 3é3ÝÓÝ3ÏÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇ ÑÇÙÝ31ÇñÝ»ñÇó ¿ñ: Üñ3 ëå3Ýáõ- û3Ý Ù»Õ3õáñÝ»ñÁ ÙÇÝã ûñë ã»Ý μ3ó3Û3Ûïáõ»É »õ 3Ýå3ïÇÅ »Ý ÙÝ3ó»É: ÆëÏ 3Ýå3ïÅ»- ÉÇáõû3Ý 3Û1 ÙÃÝáÉáñïÁ Û3ñáõóáõÙ ¿ Ñ3Ýñáõû3Ý 1⁄23ÛñáÛÃÁ »õ Ï3ñáÕ ¿ Ñ3Ý·»óÝ»É 3ÝÏ3Ý- Ë3ï»ë»ÉÇ Ñ»ï»õ3ÝùÝ»ñǧ, 3ëáõ»É ¿ Û3Ûï3ñ3ñáõû3Ý Ù¿ç:

10

êoðÄ ê2ð¶êo2ÜÆ § ̧oØ2ðÞÀ¦

ÎàðÆôÜ Ø2ÜàôÎo2Ü

oñμ ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ ãÙ3ëÝ3Ïó»ó  ́Çßù»ÏáõÙ Ï3Û3ó3Í Ð2äÎ ·3·3ÃÝ3ÅáÕáíÇÝ,  ́3Õñ3Ù»3Ý 26-Ç ï3Ï 3ßË3ïáÕ Éñ3ïáõ3ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÁ, ¦3ÝÏ3˧ í»ñÉáõÍ3μ3ÝÝ»ñÁ »õ  ̧3- õÇà Þ3ÑÝ31⁄23ñ»3ÝÝ»ñÁ ï3ñ3Í»óÇÝ, ÿ μ3 ã¿ù 3ëÇ, ËÇëï 3ñ»õÙï3Ù¿ï »õ 3é3ç31¿Ù ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ ¦1»Ù3ñߧ ¿ 3ñ»É ìÉ31ÇÙÇñ äáõïÇÝÇ 1¿Ù:

Æñ»Ýù Çñ»Ýó áõ Ñ3õÇ áõÕ»Õ áõÝ»óáÕÝ»ñÇÝ áõ1⁄2áõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ñ3Ùá1⁄2»É, áñ éáõë3Ï3Ý Û3ïáõÏ Í3é3ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇó ßÝáñÑ3Ï3É3Ï3Ý Ù»ï3É ëï3ó3Í, è ̧ é31⁄2Ù3μ31⁄23Ý»ñÇ Ý»ñÏ3ÛáõÃÇõÝÁ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝáõÙ 49 ï3ñáí »ñÏ3ñ3Ó·3Í »õ í»ñçÇÝ »ñÏáõ Ý3Ë3·3Ñ3Ï3Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇó Û»ïáÛ äáõïÇÝÇó 3ÝÛ3ñÙ3ñáõû3Ý ëïÇ×3ÝÇ Ñ3ëÝáÕ ßÝáñÑ3Ï3ÉáõÃÇõÝ Û3ÛïÝ3Í ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ ËÇëï íñ1áíáõ»É ¿ ·31⁄2Ç ·ÝÇ, Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3Ý »õ 3ÛÉ ¦ÙáÙ»ÝïÝ»ñáí§ áõ 1»Ù3ñß ¿ 3ÝáõÙ:

ÜÏ3ï»Ýù, ë3Ï3ÛÝ, áñ 3ñï3ùÇÝ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý 3ëå3ñ¿1⁄2áõÙ 1»Ù3ñßÇ ÁÝ1áõÝ3Ï ¿ 1ÇÙ»É 3ÛÝ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÁ, áí ãáõÝÇ Ý»ñùÇÝ É»·ÇïÇÙáõû3Ý ëáõñ 1»ýÇóÇï: ÐÐÎ Õ»Ï3í3ñÝ 3Û1åÇëÇÝ ã¿, Ñ»ï»õ3μ3ña ÍÇÍ3Õ»ÉÇ »Ý 3ÛÝ ·Ý3Ñ3ï3Ï3ÝÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù ïñõáõÙ »Ý Ð2äÎ ·3·3ÃÝ3Åá- ÕáíÇÝ Ù»ÏÝ»É-ãÙ»ÏÝ»Éáõ Ñ»ï Ï3åáõ3Í:

ÊÝ1ÇñÝ 3ÛÝ ã¿, áñ äáõïÇÝÁ 1»Ù3ñßÇ 3ñÅ3ÝÇ ¿ Ï3Ù 3ñÅ3ÝÇ ã¿: ÊÝ1ÇñÝ 3ÛÝ ¿, áñ ê»ñÅÇ 1»Ù3ñßÁ íÇñïáõ3É ï3ñ3ÍùáõÙ ¿ñ »õ Ñ»ï3åÝ1áõÙ ¿ñ ÉñÇõ 3ÛÉ Ýå3ï3Ï:  ̧3 Çõñ3Û3ïáõÏ 1»Ù3ñß ¿ñ, ù3Ý1⁄2Ç 1»Ù3ñß 3ÝáÕÁ ã¿ñ ËûëáõÙ, μ3Ûó Çñ ÷áË3ñ¿Ý 1»Ù3ñßÇ ýáÝ ¿ÇÝ 3å3Ñá- íáõÙ ·»μ»Éë»3Ý ù3ñá1⁄2ã3Ù»ù»Ý3Ý áõ ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý 13ßïÇ Û3×3Ëáñ1Ý»ñÁ: ÐÇÙ3 1ñ3Ýù μáÉáñÁ Ñ»ñÃ3Ï3Ý 3Ý·3Ù ¦ù3ßáõ»óÇݧ, »õ 3Ñ3 ÿ ÇÝãáõ:

2ÛÝ, áñ 1»Ù3ñßÇ Ã¿1⁄2Á Ñ»ñÃ3Ï3Ý μÉ»ýÝ ¿, Ñ3Û ÅáÕáíáõñ1Á Ñ3Ùá1⁄2áõ»ó »ñ¿Ï:

ÆÝãå¿ë Û3ÛïÝÇ ¿, ûýßáñÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í ëÇñ3Ñ3ñ îÇ·ñ3Ý ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ ØÇÝëÏáõÙ è ̧ í3ñã3- å»ïÇ Ñ»ï Ñ3Ý1ÇåÙ3Ý Å3Ù3Ý3Ï Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ»É ¿, áñ Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÝ áõ èáõë3ëï3ÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ ßï3å Ûáõß3·Çñ ëïáñ3·ñ»Ý Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3ÝÁ ÇÝï»·ñáõ»Éáõ ßáõñça 3ÛÝ Ñ3Ù3Ó3ÛÝ»ó- Ý»Éáí Ý3Ë3·3ÑÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï:

¦âÏ3Û áã ÙÇ Ï3ëÏ3Í 3Ûë Ñ3ñóáõÙ, áõ Ù»ñ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÝ»ñÁ ÝáÛÝå¿ë Ëûë»É »Ý 3Ûë Ñ3ñóÇ ßáõñç: ÐÇÙ3 ï»ËÝÇÏ3Ï3Ý Ù3Ï3ñ13ÏáõÙ å¿ïù ¿ áñáß»É, ÿ ÇÝã ï»Ùå»ñáí, ÇÝã ù3ÛÉ»ñáí ¿ å¿ïù 3é3ç ß3ñÅáõ»É§,- Ýᯐ ¿ îÇ·ñ3Ý ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ, áí Ù¿Ï ï3ñÇ 3é3ç éáõë3Ï3Ý ¦ì»1á- Ùáëïǧ ûñÃáõÙ Ñ3Ý1¿ë ¿ñ »Ï»É ÙÇ Ññ3å3ñ3ÏÙ3Ùμ, áñï»Õ 3ßË3ñÑ3ù3Õ3ù3Ï3Ý å3ï- ×3éÝ»ñáí ÇÙ3ëï31⁄2áõñÏ ¿ñ Ñ3Ù3ñ»É Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ ÁÝ1·ñÏáõ»ÉÁ Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3Ý Ù¿ç:

î»ÕÇÝ ¿ ÛÇß»óÝ»ÉÁ, áñ í»ñç»ñë ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í ÇÝùÝ33ëáõÉÇëÇ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ Ø3ùë3ÛÇÝ ÙÇáõû3Ý Ã»Ù3Ûáí Û3Ûï3ñ3ñ»É ¿ñ, ÿ ÝÙ3Ý μ3Ý ãÏ3Û »õ Ù»1⁄2 3ÛÝ- ï»Õ ã»Ý ëå3ëáõÙ: ÐÇÙ3 å3ñ1⁄2õáõÙ ¿, áñ ÐÐ »õ è ̧ Ý3Ë3·3ÑÝ»ñÇ ÙÇç»õ 3Û1 ûÙ3ÛÇ ßáõñçÁ ùÝÝ3ñÏáõÙ »õ ÉÇ3Ï3ï3ñ ÷áËÁÙμéÝáõÙ ¿ »Õ»É:

2Ñ3 3ÛëåÇë 1⁄23ñ·3óáõÙÝ»ñ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Ý ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÇ ¦1»Ù3ñßÇó§ Û»ïáÛ: oõë Ù¿Ï-»ñÏáõ 3ÛëåÇëÇ ¦1»Ù3ñߧ, áõ ê»ñÅ »õ îÇ·ñ3Ý ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ Ëûë»Ý ÐÐ-Ça è ̧ Ï31⁄2ÙÇ Ù¿ç ÙïÝ»Éáõ Ù3ëÇÝ: êñ3ÝóÇó 3Ù¿Ý ÇÝã ëå3ë»ÉÇ ¿:

¦7 úð§

Ø2ðî2Î2Ü Ê2âÆ §2êäoîܦ àô Ðàð2 ̧Æ1⁄4Æ Øê2Ô2òÀ

Ð2ÚÎ 2ð2Øo2Ü

Ø3ÛÇëÇ 8-ÇÝ ê»ñÅ ê3ñ·ë»3ÝÁ ëïáñ3·ñ»É ¿ñ Ññ3Ù3Ý3·Çñ êÇõÝÇùÇ Ù3ñ1⁄2å»ï êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÇÝ Ø3ñï3Ï3Ý Ë3ã 2-ñ1 3ëïÇ×3ÝÇ ßù3Ýß3Ýáí å3ñ·»õ3ïñ»Éáõ Ù3ëÇÝ: Àëï 3Ù»Ý3ÛÝÇ, ÝÏ3ïÇ »Ý 3éÝáõ»É Ýñ3 Í3é3ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ô3ñ3μ3Õ»3Ý å3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙáõÙ, áñÇ Å3Ù3Ý3Ï êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ ¶áñÇëÇ 3é3ÝÓÝ3ÏÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ ¿ñ: ê3- Ï3ÛÝ, ÙÇõë ÏáÕÙÇó, Ñ3ñó ¿ 3é3ç3ÝáõÙ, ÿ 3Û1 ÇÝã Í3é3ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ »Ý, áñáÝù ·Ý3Ñ3ïõáõÙ »Ý Ññ31313ñÇó 19 ï3ñÇ 3Ýó: oõ 3ÝÙÇç3å¿ë ¿É Ï3ëÏ3Í ¿ 3é3ç3ÝáõÙ, áñ 3Û1 ¦Í3é3ÛáõÃ- ÇõÝÝ»ñÇó§ å¿ïù ¿ 3ÝóÝ¿ÇÝ ß3ï ï3ñÇÝ»ñ, áñå¿ë1⁄2Ç ÇÝã áñ μ3Ý»ñ Ùáé3óáõ¿ÇÝ:

Ô3ñ3μ3Õ»3Ý å3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙÇ Ù3ëÇÝ Ñ3Û ÅáÕáíáõñ1Ý 3Û1å¿ë ¿É ãÇ ÇÙ3Ý3Éáõ ×ßÙ3ñïáõÃ- ÇõÝÁ: àñáíÑ»ï»õ Ýñ3Ýù, áíù»ñ ·Çï»Ý ×ßÙ3ñïáõÃÇõÝÁ, 3Û1 Ù3ëÇÝ »ñμ»ù Ññ3å3ñ3Ï3õ ã»Ý ËûëáõÙ: ä3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙÇ Çñ3Ï3Ý Ñ»ñáëÝ»ñÁ ÝáÛÝå¿ë ã»Ý ËûëáõÙ, Ýñ3Ýù Ñ3Ù»ëïûñ¿Ý ÉéáõÙ »Ý:

11

öáË3ñ¿ÝÁ, å3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙÇ Ù3ëÇÝ 3ëõáõÙ áõ ËûëõáõÙ ¿ 3ÛÝ, ÇÝãÁ Ï3å ãáõÝÇ Çñ3Ï3Ýáõû3Ý Ñ»ï, »õ Ï3٠ݻݷ3÷áËáõÙ ¿ 3Û1 Çñ3Ï3ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ:

êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÇÝ Ã»ñ»õë å3ñ·»õ3ïñ»É »Ý å3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙÇ í»ñçÇÝ ßñç3ÝáõÙ Ýñ3 ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû3Ý Ñ3Ù3ñ: Ü3, ÇÝãå¿ë Ýßáõ»ó, Ùûï 150 Ñá·3Ýáó ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ ¿ñ, áñÁ ·áñÍáõÙ ¿ñ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ Ñ3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ×3Ï3ïáõÙ: êáíáñ3μ3ñ, ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÝ»ñÇ Ññ3- Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ»ñÁ ·ïÝõáõÙ ¿ÇÝ 3é3çÇÝ ·ÍáõÙ, »õ Ýñ3ÝóÇó ¿ñ Ï3Ëáõ3Í Ù3ñï3Ï3Ý ·áñÍáÕáõÃ- ÇõÝÝ»ñÇ »ÉùÁ:

Ð3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ×3Ï3ïáõÙ Ïéáõ3Í Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ»ñÁ å3ïÙáõÙ »Ý, áñ êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ- »3ÝÇÝ 3é3çÇÝ ·ÍáõÙ 3Û1 Å3Ù3Ý3Ï3ßñç3ÝáõÙ ã»Ý ï»ë»É: öáË3ñ¿ÝÁ, Áëï Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñ- Ý»ñÇ, Ý3 ¦ù3ç3·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ§ ¿ñ Ï3ï3ñáõÙ ÃÇÏáõÝùáõÙ: úñÇÝ3Ï, 3Û1 Å3Ù3Ý3Ï Ý3 ßñçáõÙ ¿ñ ÜÇëë3Ý ä3ïñáÉ Ù»ù»Ý3Ûáí, áñÁ Ó»éù ¿ñ μ»ñ»É êáõÉÃ3ÝÉáõÇ ·ÇÝáõ ÏáÙμÇÝ3ïÇ Ã3É3ÝÇó ëï3óáõ3Í »Ï3Ùïáí:  ̧3 Ëáßáñ ÏáÙμÇÝ3ï ¿ñ, áñï»Õ ëåÇñïÇ 3Ñé»ÉÇ å3Ñáõëï- Ý»ñ Ï3ÛÇÝ: êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ, Áëï Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ»ñÇ, ÑÇÙÝ3Ï3ÝáõÙ 1⁄2μ3Õáõ3Í ¿ñ Ã3- É3Ýáí »õ 3Ûë ·áñÍÁ Ñ3ëóñ»É ¿ñ Ï3ï3ñ»Éáõû3Ý: Ø3ëÝ3õáñ3å¿ë, Ýñ3 Ññ3Ù3Ýáí å3Ûûó- áõ»É ¿ñ Î3å3ÝÁ Ñ3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ×3Ï3ïÇ Ñ»ï Ï3åáÕ »ñÏáõ Ï3Ùáõñç, áñáÝù é31⁄2Ù3í3ñ3Ï3Ý Ýß3Ý3ÏáõÃÇõÝ áõÝ¿ÇÝ ×3Ï3ïÇ Ù3ï3Ï3ñ3ñÙ3Ý Ñ3Ù3ñ: 2Ûë ×3Ý3å3ñÑÁ ÿ 3Ýíï3Ý· ¿ñ, ÿ Ý3»õ μ3õ3Ï3Ý Ï3ñ×, μ3óÇ 3Û1a Ñ3Ù»Ù3ï3μ3ñ áñ3Ï»3É: ä3ÛûóÝ»Éáõ ÇÙ3ëïÝ 3ÛÝ ¿ñ, áñå¿ë1⁄2Ç ëÇõÝ»óÇÝ»ñÝ Çñ»Ýó 3õ3ñÁ ãÏ3ñáÕ3Ý3ÛÇÝ 3Ûë ×3Ý3å3ñÑáí ï»Õ3÷áË»É »õ û·ïáõ¿ÇÝ ÊÝÓáñ»ëÏÇ ×3Ý3å3ñÑÇó, áñï»Õ êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ ¦åáëï§ áõÝ¿ñ »õ Ï3ñáÕ ¿ñ í»ñ3ÑëÏ»É 3Ýóáõ13ñÓÁ:

ä3ï»ñ31⁄2ÙÇ í»ñçÇÝ ßñç3ÝÝ 3Ù»Ý3Í3ÝñÝ ¿ñ Ñ3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý ÏáÕÙÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ: 1994 Ã. ÚáõÝ- áõ3ñÇó Ñ3ñ3õ3ÛÇÝ ×3Ï3ïáõÙ 3ïñå¿Û×3ÝóÇÝ»ñÝ 3ÝÝ3Ë31¿å 1⁄23Ý·áõ3Í3ÛÇÝ Û3ñÓ3ÏáõÙ ëÏë»óÇÝ Ðáñ31Ç1⁄2 Ï3Û3ñ3ÝÇ áõÕÕáõû3Ùμ: Ð3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý μ3Ý3ÏÇ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñáõÃÇõÝÁ êáõ- ñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÇÝ ¿ñ íëï3Ñ»É 4 ùÇÉáÙ»ïñ »ñÏ3ñáõû3Ùμ Ñ3ïáõ3ÍÁ: Ðñ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ»ñÁ å3ïÙáõÙ »Ý, áñ êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÝ 3Û1å¿ë ¿É 3ÝÓ3Ùμ ã»ñ»õ3ó Ñ3Û»ñÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ í×é3- Ï3Ý 3Û1 ×3Ï3ï3Ù3ñïáõÙ, Çñ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇÝ ÃáÕÝ»Éáí μ3ËïÇ ùÙ3Ñ3×áÛùÇÝ: Üñ3Ý íëï3Ñáõ3Í Ñ3ïáõ3ÍÇ ÙÇ Ù3ëÁ ÙÝ3ó μ3ó, áñï»ÕÇó 3ïñå¿Û×3ÝóÇÝ»ñÁ Ï3ñáÕ3ó3Ý Ã3- ÷3Ýó»É Ñ3Û»ñÇ ÃÇÏáõÝùÁ Ùûï 30 ùÙ ï3ñ3Íùáí: êÏëáõ»ó ÇëÏ3Ï3Ý Ùë3Õ3ó, »Õ3Ý Ñ31⁄23- ñ3õáñ 1⁄2áÑ»ñ, 3Û1 ÃõáõÙ Ù»Í ÏáñáõëïÝ»ñ áõÝ»ó3õ êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÁ: 1⁄4áÑ»- ñÇ 1Ç3ÏÝ»ñÁ Ù3ñïÇ 13ßïÇó Ñ3Ý»óÇÝ Ð31ñáõÃÇ ·áõÙ3ñï3ÏÇ Ù3ñïÇÏÝ»ñÁ »õ Û3ÝÓÝ»óÇÝ Ýñ3Ýó Ñ3ñ31⁄23ïÝ»ñÇÝ:

êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ 1⁄23ñÙ3Ý3ÉÇ Ï»ÝëáõÝ3Ï 3ñ3ñ3Í ¿: âÝ3Û»3Í 3Ûë Ñ3Ý·3Ù3ÝùÇÝ, ãÝ3Û»3Í Ð3Û3ëï3ÝÇ áõ Ô3ñ3μ3ÕÇ å3ßïå3Ýáõû3Ý Ý3Ë3ñ3ñÝ»ñÇ 1Å·áÑáõû3ÝÁ, μ3- Ý3ÏÇ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÝ»ñÇ 1Å·áÑáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ, Ý3 Ï3ñáÕ3ó»É ¿ ÙÝ3É çñÇ »ñ»ëÇÝ »õ Ëáõë3- ÷»É å3ï3ëË3Ý3ïõáõÃÇõÝÇó:

êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÇ »õ Ýñ3 Ñ3ñ31⁄23ïÝ»ñÇ, Ù3ëÝ3õáñ3å¿ë »Õμ3ÛñÝ»ñÇa 2Õ3É3ñÇ áõ ÐáåáåÇ 3ÝáõÝÝ»ñÝ 3Ûë ï3ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ ßûß3÷õáõÙ ¿ÇÝ êÇõÝÇùáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3Í ÙÇ ù3ÝÇ Ëá- ßáñ Û3Ýó3·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ Ï3å3Ïóáõû3Ùμ: Àëï Ñ3ÛÏ3Ï3Ý Ù3ÙáõÉÇ Ññ3å3ñ3ÏáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ËûëùÁ Ù¿Ï ï3ëÝ»3ÏÇó 3õ»ÉÇ Ñ3ßõáõáÕ ùñ¿3Ï3Ý ·áñÍ»ñÇ Ù3ëÇÝ ¿, ÇëÏ 1ñ3Ýó ¦3ÙåÉÇ- ïáõ1Á§a ÃÙñ3ÙáÉáõÃÇõÝÇó, »ñÇï3ë3ñ1 3ÕçÏ3Ý ¶áñÇëÇ Ñ3Ýñ3Ë3ÝáõÃáõÙ μéÝ3μ3ñáõû3Ý ÷áñÓÇó ÙÇÝã»õ ÙÇ »ñÇï3ë3ñ1Ç ëå3ÝáõÃÇõÝ: ÆëÏ ëå3Ýáõû3Ý å3ñ3·3Ý 3é3õ»É ù3Ý ë3ÑÙéÏ»óáõóÇã ¿ña Áëï Ù3ÙáõÉáõÙ Ññ3å3ñ3Ïáõ3Í ùñ¿3Ï3Ý ·áñÍÇ ÝÇõûñÇ, ÈÇëÏ3ÛÇ »Õ- μ3ÛñÝ»ñÁ ëå3Ýáõ3ÍÇÝ 13Ý3ÏÇ ï3ëÝ»3Ï Ñ3ñáõ3ÍÝ»ñ ¿ÇÝ Ñ3ëóñ»É, 3Û1 ÃõáõÙa 13Ý3ÏÁ Ùïóñ»É ¿ÇÝ Ñ»ï3ÝóùÁ »õ í»ñ»õ ù3ß»É: Ø3ñ1⁄2å»ïÝ ÇÝùÁ μ31⁄2Ù3ÃÇõ 3Ý·3Ù Û3ÛïÝáõ»É ¿ áõ- ß31ñáõû3Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝáõÙ, ëÏë3Í ÁÝïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇó, í»ñç3óñ3Í μéÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáí:

ÆÑ3ñÏ¿, áñ»õ¿ å3ïÇÅ 3Ûë 3Ù¿ÝÇ Ñ3Ù3ñ ãÇ »Õ»É, »õ 3õ»ÉÇÝa »Õ»É ¿ å3ñ·»õ3ïñáõÙ: Ø3ñï3Ï3Ý Ë3ãÇ ßù3Ýß3ÝÁ 31⁄2·3ÛÇÝ Ñ»ñáëÇÝ Ñ3õ3ë3ñáõáÕ ßù3Ýß3Ý ¿: Þù3Ýß3ÝÁ ëï3- Ý3Éáõó Û»ïáÛ êÇõÝÇùÇ Ù3ñ1⁄2å»ïÇ ßáõñç ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó3õ Ñ»ñÃ3Ï3Ý Û3Ýó3·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÁa ëå3Ýáõ»ó ¶áñÇëÇ Ý3ËÏÇÝ ù3Õ3ù3å»ïÁ, Ýñ3 »Õμ3ÛñÁa 1⁄2ûñ3Ù3ëÇ Ññ3Ù3Ý3ï3ñÁ, Í3Ýñ íÇ×3ÏáõÙ ·ïÝõáõÙ ¿ ÑÇõ3Ý13ÝáóáõÙ: 2Ûë 3Ý·3Ù ¿É êáõñÇÏ Ê3ã3ïñ»3ÝÁ Ïÿ31⁄23ïáõÇ å3ï- ÅÇó. 13ï»Éáí ëå3Ýáõû3ÝÁ Ñ»ï»õ3Í 3é3çÇÝ ûñ»ñÇ ï»Õ»Ï3ïõáõÃÇõÝÇó, Ýñ3Ý Ñ»ï»õáÕ3- Ï3Ýûñ¿Ý Ù3ùñáõÙ »Ýa Çμñ ï»ÕáõÙ ãÇ »Õ»É, ùÝ3Í ¿ »Õ»É: Ò»ñμ3Ï3Éáõ»É »Ý Ýñ3 áñ1ÇÝ áõ ÃÇÏ- Ý3å3ÑÁ, ëå3ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï3ï3ñ»Éáõ Ï3ëÏ3Í3Ýùáí. áñ1áõÝ Ã»ñ»õë 31⁄23ï Ïÿ3ñÓ3Ï»Ý, ÃÇÏ- Ý3å3ÑÁ ÏÁ ÝëïÇ ÙÇ »ñÏáõ ï3ñÇ, »õ í»ñç:

¦Èð2¶Æð§

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YN?ÐUSUÝZNDKRDZZÞÐND UZT;?G

Huksuz Vupýub muw=t

Üðndkþuzi imröçg m'ndöþs wrbþl uxu, sg$ {Uiýnd,nw euýuiýuzrz ux<þd n_v stmndz auzeth öndlnds ünð,ueðt! Ünð,u, uwe öndlndsre yn.uðrzndkrdzg musuj-musuj^ çuösuhuýrm uzüusnf mg fouðþi ́!

Sþz= uauduirm^ nðhti Suasþýumuzzþð^ arsu uwe musuj- musujz t nð mg fouðþz=! Sþð st< uhðnp^ çuwj nv-suasþýumuz mð+z=t cnpnfndðezþðnd auzeth sþð ünð,u, öndlndsrz yn.uðrzndkrdzg% Kndð=rnw^ Rðu=r^ Yu=riýuzr^ U)puziýuzr^ Hupþiýrzr þd Ýndðrnw st< çuösuhuýrm uzüusnf mg fouðþz=! Qþð st< hrýr üýzndrz kþðþdi uzqþð^ nðnz= auðj hrýr ýuz kt arsu çnlnð uwi üðndu,zþðg ýþpr#z þz! Uwn_^ ýþprz þz m'giþs þd uwi giu,ri huýouxg mg çujuýðþs! Sþz= vtr#z= nð Ulþdrzþðg ihuzzþjrz= Itðirsr^ Suðubr^ Ýfuir^ V+ðndsr st<! Sþz= vtr#z= nð stm srlrnz Auwþðg^ zþðuxþul wpr mrzþðg ihuzzþjrz=^ ihuxzulnf uznzj nð mu_s suasþýumuzndkrdzg m'gzendzrz^ mus mg ihuzzndrz! Suasþýumuzndkrdzg sþðcnp Auwþðg uzük+ðtz vihuzzþjr#z=! Srýrukr þd bð

Muðo .+i=nf% uwi=uz ihuzndkrdzzþðg þd öndlndszþðg muýuðnpzþð þkt mg muð,þz nð uýrmu gðrz Rilusndkþuz uzndznf^ mg i.ulrz! Uiýnd,nw uðeuðndkrdzg mg fþðuauiýuýndr uauduirm! Yn=ðusuizndkrdzzþðnd ets sþð ünð,u, wuzjuz=zþðndz yn.uðct=g arsu sþz= mg fouðþz= stmöstm ihuzzþlnf! Þd =uzr nð arsu sþð st< Auwþð^ Uinðrzþð þd uwl yn=ðusuizndkrdzzþð vþz szuju,^ arsu sþz= örðu_ð mg ihuzzþz=! Uinð huýouxg buý huðö t! Zu.uhti^ {þðþ= yn=ðusuizndkrdz ihuzznpg uð=uwndkrdz m'þðkuw ́ m'gitrz= þd mg ihuzztrz=! Arsu ul m'giþz=$ {uzrmu Brr t^ ihuzzþjt_=^ uzrmu Ýrdzzr t^ ihuzzþjt_=^ uzrmu ul Ulþdr t^ ihuzzþjt_=! Uwirz=z sþz= ýþduçuð mg ihuzzþz=^ muð,þi ihuzndkrdzg sþð uðþuz st< aðusuwumuz glluw! Rim þkt +ýuðzþð vüýzþz=^ sþz= örðuð mg ihuzzþz=!

W+endu,uürðg uwi wuzendüz ýnpþðg üðþlt þý= =upu=umuz fþðlnd,ndszþð m'gzt^ =zzuðmndkþuz zrdk euðqzþlnf zþðmuw muxufuðndkþuz ünð,ndztndkrdzg þd fýuzüudnð uhuüuwr sg muz.uýþindkrdzg gzþlnf!

ՄԱՐՄԱՐԱ

UÐU MRDLTÐR JNDJUAUZETÝG MG ÇUJNDR ÞÐÞDUZR ST>

4 Wndzrirz^ Auwuiýuzr uöüuwrz huýmþðuiðuarz st< çujndsg hrýr muýuðndr ub.uðauaxvum lndiuzmuðrv Uðu Mrdltðr {Çuðþd qþö ́ .nðuüðþul jndjuauzetirz^ nð hrýr buðndzumndr þðþ= usri! Uöüuwrz huýmþðuiðuar suslnw ,uxuwndkrdzg mg aupnðet nð lndiuzmuðrvg zþðmuw hrýr üýzndr Þðþduzþuz jndjuauzetir çujsuz uðuðnpndkþuz! Uz uðetz Auwuiýuz mg üýzndr!

Rzvhti ,uz+k t^ Uðu Mrdltð ouzvjndu, t {Rikuzhndlr uv= ́ mus {Rikuzhndlr lndiuzmuðrv ́ ,u,muzndzzþðnf! Mrdltð rð lndiuzmuðzþðnf sr

ՄԱՐՄԱՐԱ

13

ՊՐԻՒՍԷԼ - ԵՒՐՈՊԱԿԱՆ ԽՈՐՀՐԴԱՐԱՆ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԵԱՆ ՊԱՏՈՒԻՐԱԿՈՒԹԻՒՆԸ ԳՈՀ Է ԵՒՐՈՆԵՍԹԻ ԱՐԴԻՒՆՔՆԵՐԷՆ

Մայիս 29ին վերջ գտած է Եւրոպական խորհրդարանին մէջ տեղի ունեցող Արեւելեան գործընկերութեան «Եւրոնեսթ» խորհրդարանական վեհաժողովի 3րդ լիագումար նիստը, որուն կը մասնակցէր նաեւ հայկական պատուիրակութիւնը:

Եւրոնեսթ խորհրդարանական վեհաժողովի փոխնախագահ, Ազգային ժողովի ՀՅ Դաշնակցութիւն խմբակցութեան անդամ Վահան Յովհաննիսեան «Ազատութիւն» ձայնասփիւռին հետ զրոյցին դրական գնահատած է նիստին արդիւնքները` շեշտելով, որ այս օրերուն Պրիւսէլի հայկական պատուիրակութիւնը կրցաւ համաձայնութեան գալ կարեւոր շարք մը հարցերու շուրջ:

Յովհաննիսեան հաղորդած է, թէ հակաղարաբաղեան ազէրպայճանական բոլոր բանաձեւերը, ուր Հայաստանի մասին կը խօսուէր որպէս նախայարձակ պետութիւն, կամ «գրաւեալ տարածքներ»ու մասին, ձգուած են դուրս, եւ ընդհանուր առմամբ շատ աւելի հաւասարակշռուած փաստաթուղթեր ընդունուած են: Եւ վերջնականապէս ընդունուած է ամենէն կարեւոր պահանջը, զոր հայկական պատուիրակութիւնը ներկայացուցած էր, այլ խօսքով՝ Եւրոնեսթի խորհրդարանական վեհաժողովի լիագումար յաջորդ նիստը տեղի կ՚ունենայ Երեւանի մէջ, գալ տարուան աշնան:

Դաշնակցութեան դրական գնահատականին համաձայնած են պատուիրակութեան անդամ քաղաքական բոլոր ուժերու ներկայացուցիչները:

Հանրապետական Յովհաննէս Սահակեան այս մասին ըսած է, որ Պրիւսէլի մէջ հայաստանեան քաղաքական ուժերը համերաշխ եղած են եւ ներքին քաղաքական հարցերը արտաքին քաղաքականութեան չեն խառնած:

Յիշեցնենք, որ Եւրոնեսթը՝ Եւրոպական խորհրդարանը եւ Արեւելեան գործընկերութեան երկիրներու երեսփոխանական պատուիրակութիւնները միաւորող կառոյց մըն է, որուն անդամ են Արեւելեան գործընկերութեան բոլոր երկիրները` բացի Պելառուսէն: Եւրոնեսթի գործունէութեան ծիրին մաս կը կազմեն մարդկային իրաւանց, տնտեսութեան, ուժանիւթի ապահովութեան եւ մշակութային հարցեր: Սովորաբար Եւրոնեսթի նիստերը՝ Ազէրպայճանի համար՝ հակահայկական քարոզչութիւն ծաւալելու «պատեհ դաշտ» կը հանդիսանան:

ՀԱՅԿԱԿԱՆ ՀԱՐՑԻՆ ՆՈՒԻՐՈՒԱԾ ԺՈՂՈՎ

Եւրոպական Խորհրդարանին մէջ տեղի ունեցած է Հայկական հարցին նուիրուած ժողով մըն ալ: Հայ Դատի Պրիւսէլի գրասենեակին կողմէ կազմակերպուած ձեռնարկին ներկայ եղած են Հայոց Ցեղասպանութեան հարցով զբաղող եւրոպացի քաղաքական գործիչներ, դիւանագէտներ եւ քաղաքագէտներ, որոնք քննարկած են հարցին ապագայ կարելի զարգացումները: Ելոյթ ունեցած են վերջերս Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ այցելած Եւրոպական Խորհրդարանի երեսփոխանուհի Էլէնի Թէոխարուս եւ ֆրանսացի երեսփոխանուհի Վալերի Պուայէ, որոնք ծանօթ են յատկապէս Հայոց Ցեղասպանութեան ժխտումի պատժելիութեան եւ Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի ճանաչումին ուղղուած իրենց ջանքերով:

Վալերի Պուայէ «Ազատութիւն» ձայնասփիւռին ըսած է. “Անցեալի իմացութիւնը պերճանք չէ, այլ՝ ժողովրդավարութեան գրաւական: Եւրոպան կը դատապարտէ ցեղասպանութեան ժխտումը: Ասիկա միայն Հայերուն վերաբերող հարց չէ, այլ համընդհանուր նպատակ է, որովհետեւ ան ժամանակակից Եւրոպայի առաջին ցեղասպանութիւնն է: Այսօր ղարաբաղեան հակամարտութիւնը ցեղասպանութեան շարունակութիւնն է: Մենք պարտաւոր ենք ամէն ինչ ընելու, որպէսզի ցեղասպանութեան ժխտողականութիւնը դատապարտուի Եւրոպական Միութեան անդամ երկիրներու կողմէ: Ի՞նչպէս խօսիլ ժողովրդավարութեան, Եւրոպական Միութեան ընդլայնման մասին, ըլլալ քաղաքական առումով ուժեղ, ի՞նչպէս լուծել Սուրիոյ հակամարտութիւնը, եթէ մենք

14

չենք պատժեր ցեղասպանութեան ժխտումը”: Եւրոպական խորհրդարանին մէջ վերոնշեալ քննարկումներէն ետք, հայ եւ եւրոպացի

երեսփոխանները Հայաստանի Հանրապետութեան տօնը նշած են Պրիւսէլի Հայաստանի դեսպանատան մէջ:

ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՊԵՏՈՒԹԻՒՆԸ «ԱՐՄԱՎԻԱ»ԷՆ ԱՒԵԼԻ ՔԱՆ 7

ՄԻԼԻԱՌ ԴՐԱՄ ԿԸ ՊԱՀԱՆՋԷ Ըստ Հայաստանի Պետական Եկամուտներու Կոմիտէին (ՊԵԿ), ներկայ տուեալներով,

«Արմավիա» օդանաւային ընկերութիւնը Հայաստանի պետական գանձին աւելի քան 7 միլիառ դրամ պարտք ունի:

Այս հսկայ պարտքին պատճառը այն է, որ ընկերութիւնը, ըստ ՊԵԿ-ի, երկար ժամանակ չէ կատարած բազմաբնոյթ հարկերու եւ տուրքերու վճարումները, որոնք կուտակուելով հասած են միլիառաւոր դրամներու:

Հարցը լուծելու նպատակով, ՊԵԿ-ը «Արմավիա»ին դէմ դատ բացած է:

Միւս կողմէ կը նշուի նաեւ, որ սնանկացումի մատնուած «Արմավիա»ն, ըստ օրէնքի, պէտք է դիմէր դատարան` ինքզինք սնանկ հռչակելով, մինչդեռ մինչեւ այսօր այդպիսի քայլի չէ նախաձեռնուած:

«ԱՐՄԱՎԻԱ» ԿԸ ԽՈՍՏԱՆԱՅ ՎՃԱՐԵԼԻՐ ՆԱԽԿԻՆ ՊԱՇՏՕՆԵԱՆԵՐՈՒՆ ԱՇԽԱՏԱՎԱՐՁԵՐԸ

«Արմավիա»-ի պաշտօնեաները` օդաչուները, ճարտարագէտները, սպասարկող անձնակազմի ներկայացուցիչները Մայիս 29ին հաւաքուած են նախագահական նստավայրին առջեւ: Նախագահ Ս. Սարգսեանին հասցէագրուած դիմումով մը անոնք ներկայացուցած են գլխաւոր երկու պահանջ` վճարել իրենց եօթը ամսուան աշխատավարձերը, ինչպէս նաեւ լուծել իրենց աշխատանքի հարցը:

Ապա, «Արմավիա»ի աշխատակիցները հոնկէ մեկնած են դէպի «Արմավիա»ի կեդրոնական գրասենեակ: Հոն, անոնք թուած են իրենց բողոքները:

Յայտնած են, թէ իրենք պարզած են, որ ընկերութիւնը երկու տարիէ ի վեր Պետական պիւտճէին չէ վճարած իրենց ընկերային վճարումները: Իսկ տեղւոյն վրայ, երբ որոշ պաշտօնեաներ փորձած են կեդրոնական գրասենեակէն իրենց աշխատանքին մասին փաստաթուղթ ստանալ, տեսած են որ իրենց վճարուելիք պարտքերու դիմաց՝ մէկ ժամուան համար նախատեսուած է որպէս աշխատավարձ՝ միայն 1000 դրամ, այսինքն չորս անգամ նուազ, քան ինչ որ պէտք է ըլլար: «Արմավիա»ի նախկին աշխատակիցները փորձած են հանդիպում ունենալ ընկերութեան սեփականատէր Միխայիլ Բաղդասարովի հետ, բայց ապարդիւն:

Վերջապէս, նախ ընկերութեան մամլոյ քարտուղար Նանա Աւետիսովա, ապա ընդհանուր տնօրէն Նորայր Բելոյեան հաւաստած են, որ Յունիս 7ին կը վճարուին աշխատավարձերը: Բայց պաշտօնեաները կը մնային թերահաւատ:

ԻՐԱՆ ԹԱՒՐԻԶԻ ՄԷՋ ԿԸ ԲԱՑՈՒԻ ՀԱՅՈՑ ՊԱՏՄՈՒԹԵԱՆ ԹԱՆԳԱՐԱՆ

Մշակութային ժառանգութեան, գիտական աշխատանքներու եւ զբօսաշրջութեան կազմակերպութեան ընդհանուր տնօրէն Թուրապ Մոհամատի յայտարարած է, որ Թաւրիզի մէջ ի մօտոյ կը բացուի Իրանի Արեւելեան Ատրպատական նահանգին մէջ բնակող Հայոց պատմութեան

15

թանգարան: Ըստ պարսկական IRNA լրատու գործակալութեան, Մոհամատի ըսած է, որ թանգարանին մէջ կը

ներկայացուին Արեւելեան Ատրպատական նահանգին մէջ Հայոց տարբեր ժամանակաշրջաններու ապրելակերպը արտացոլող ցուցանմոյշներ: Այդ նպատակով բանակցութիւններ տեղի ունեցած են հայ համայնքին հետ, եւ համաձայնութիւն գոյացած է Թաւրիզի եկեղեցիներէն մէկուն մէջ հաւաքուած ցուցանմոյշները թանգարանին յանձնելու մասին:

Թանգարանը կը բացուի հայկական «Ասատի» դպրոցի շէնքին մէջ, որ 115ամեայ պատմութիւն ունի եւ պատմական յուշարձան կը նկատուի: Ներկայիս, շէնքին մէջ վերանորոգման աշխատանքներ կը կատարուին:

Հաւաքուած ցուցանմոյշներէն ամենէն հինը, ըստ Մոհամատիի, աւելի քան 500 տարուան անցեալ ունի:

ԹՈՒՐՔԻԱ ԾԱՆՐԱԿՇԻՌ ԽՌՈՎՈՒԹԻՒՆՆԵՐ ԱՄԲՈՂՋ ԵՐԿՐԻՆ ՄԷՋ ՄԵԾ ՔԱՂԱՔՆԵՐԸ ՊԱՏԵՐԱԶՄԻ ԴԱՇՏԻ ՎԵՐԱԾՈՒԱԾ ԵՆ

Մայիս 27ի շաբթուան սկիզբը ծայր առած բնապահական աննշան ցոյցով մը սկսած է ամէն ինչ: Պոլսոյ խորհրդանշական Թաքսիմի հրապարակին վրայ գտնուող «Կէզի» («Պտոյտ») հանրապարտէզին տեղը առեւտրական կեդրոնի մը կառուցումն ալ ներառնող կառավարութեան հսկայ նախագիծին դէմ բողոքի նստացոյցի մը դիմած են կարգ մը քաղաքացիներ՝ հոն վրան դնելով՝ արգելք հանդիսանալու համար ծառերուն կտրուելուն, աշխատանքներուն սկսելուն: Ուրբաթ՝ Մայիս 31ի առաւօտուն ոստիկանութիւնը շատ բիրտ ձեւով միջամտած է բողոքողները տեղահանելու նպատակով: Միջամտութիւնը անմիջապէս մեծ արձագանգ գտած է յատկապէս ընկերային ցանցերու շնորհիւ: Իրականութեան մէջ այս միջադէպը եղած է միայն պարզ խայծ մը իշխանութեան գլուխ գտնուողներուն՝ յատկապէս վարչապետին դէմ արդէն պայթելու պատրաստ հանրութեան ստուար մէկ հատուածին համար: Քանի մը ժամուան մէջ հազարաւորներ իջած են փողոց՝ պահանջելով իսլամապաշտ կառավարութեան հրաժարումը: Ամէն տեղ պաստառներ պարզուած են «ԱՔՓ կուսակցութեան ֆաշականութիւնը», «ինքնագլուխ որոշումներ»ը դատապարտող: Յաճախ արծարծուող նիւթ էր նաեւ Էրտողանի սուրիական քաղաքականութեան առթած դժգոհութիւնը:

Բուռն բախումներ պատահած են ոստիկանութեան հետ, որ վերջերս նոր յայտնաբերած ըլլալ կը թուի արտասուաբեր ռումբի «բարիքները», քանի ամէն առիթով, ծուռ ու շիտակ կը գործածէ զայն, յաճախական գայթակղութիւններու՝ ծանր արկածներու տեղի տալով. նոյն ձեւով ալ՝ ճնշուած ջուրի գործածութիւնը: Այս պարագային եւս նոյնը պատահած է: Կային մեծ թիւով վիրաւորներ, ոմանք ծանր վիճակի մէջ: Այսքանը՝ սակայն պաշտօնական մետիաներու լուրերն էին:

Ապա, բողոքի ալիքը մէկ գիշերուան մէջ՝ Ուրբաթէն Շաբաթ արդէն տարածուած էր Պոլսէն Թուրքիոյ գրեթէ բոլոր անկիւնները՝ «Ամէնուր՝ Թաքսիմ է, ամէնուր՝դիմադրութիւն» լոզունգով: Յունիս 1ին եւ 2ին, մայրաքաղաք Անգարայի եւ գաւառի տասնեակներով քաղաքներու մէջ զօրակցութեան մեծ ցոյցեր տեղի կ՚ունենային տասնեակ հազարաւորներու մասնակցութեամբ ու միշտ՝ ոստիկանութեան հետ անխուսափելի բախումներով: Յունիս 1ին եւ 2ին, մանաւանդ Անգարայի բախումները շատ ծանր եղած էին: Մետիաներէն, ընդհանուր առմամբ կը խօսուէր մեծ թիւով վիրաւորներու եւ ձերբակալութիւններու մասին, բայց ընկերային մետիներու մէջ լուրերու բնոյթը շատ աւելի ծանր էր, յաճախ կը խօսուէր մեռեալներու մասին ալ:

***

Սակայն, Թուրքիոյ վարչապետ Էրտողան բնաւ տեղի տալու նպատակ չունի: Ինչ կը վերաբերի խնդրոյ առարկայ նախագծին՝ «անկիւնները կլորցուած» բացատրութիւններով փորձած է շրջանցել հարցը, իսկ գալով հրաժարելու պահանջին, որ բուն հարցն է՝ ըսած է, թէ քուէատուփով ընտրուած իշխանութիւն են եւ թէ ընդդիմութիւնը՝ ընտրական ձախողութիւններէ ճարահատ, այս միջոցին կը

16

դիմէ, կը գրգռէ ժողովուրդը, քանի ատիկա կը նկատէ իշխանութեան գլուխ գալու միակ միջոցը: Սպառնացած է նաեւ՝ ըսելով, թէ եթէ խնդիրը փողոց բազմութիւն իջեցնելն է, ինք ալ կրնայ միլիոններ շարժման մղել: Այս խօսքերն իսկ արդէն շատ ծանր սպառնալիք են՝ երկրին պառակտումին տեսանկիւնէն: Մնաց, որ կայ դեռ այլ նոյնքան եւ աւելի լուրջ սպառնալիք մը՝ բանակը: Բանակը, որ Էրտողանի եւ անոր համախոհներուն կողմէ ինչպէս կը՚ սուի՝ «վհուկներու հալածանքի» կե՚ նթարկուի տարիներէ ի վեր, հաշիւ ունի մաքրելիք, թէկուզ բաւական տկարացած: Ոչ պաշտօնապէս, բայց հոս- հոն արդէն բանակայիններէ սպառնական խօսքեր հնչած են՝ յատկապէս ոստիկանութեան հասցէին, զայն հրաւիրելով զգաստութեան: Կ՚ըսուէր նոյնիսկ, թէ Թաքսիմի հրապարակին մերձակայքը գտնուող զօրանոցէ մը ցուցարարներուն կազի դիմակներ բաշխած են ոստիկաններուն արձակած արտասուաբեր ռումբերէն պաշտպանուելու համար: Կը տրուէին նաեւ այլ դրուագներ՝ ոստիկանութիւն-բանակ տարակարծութիւններէն:

Կիրակի՝ Յունիս 2ի իրիկունը ոչ միայն կը շարունակուէին ցոյցերը, այլ նաեւ հետզհետէ կը ծաւալէին:

***

Ծանօթ է, որ ամիսներէ ի վեր Էրտողան գրեթէ ամէն օր Սուրիոյ նախագահ Ասատին հեռացումը կը պահանջէ: Այս վերջինն ալ անշուշտ՝ ներկայ պատեհ առիթը չէ մսխած ու Թուրքիոյ վարչապետին «վերադարձուցած է հրաւէրը»:

***

ՀԱՅԿԱԿԱՆ ԳԵՐԵԶՄԱՆԱՏՈՒՆԸ

Նշենք նաեւ, որ դէպքերուն մեկնակէտը հանդիսացող խնդրայարոյց Թաքսիմի այդ տարածքներուն, ատենին գոյութիւն ունեցած է հայկական հսկայ Սուրբ Յակոբ գերեզմանատունը: Կարճ պատմականը կատարելով՝ ըսենք, որ ԺԶ. դարուն, Սուլթան Սիւլէյման՝ այդ տարածութիւնը շնորհած էր Հայերուն, որպէս վարձատրութիւն՝ հայ խոհարար Մանուկ Քարասէֆէրեանի կողմէ իր կեանքի փրկութեան (Քարասէֆէրեան մերժած է թշնամիին դաւին մեղսակից դառնալ եւ թունաւորել իր սուլթանը): Ուրեմն այդ հողերը շուրջ չորս դար պատկանելէ ետք հայութեան եւ ծառայելէ ետք որպէս հայկական գերեզմանատուն, 1930ականներու վերջաւորութեան գրաւուած են Պետութեան կողմէ եւ ամբողջութեամբ՝ քանդուած, տեղը կառուցուած է քաղաք՝ շէնքերով, խնդրոյ առարկայ «Կէզի» զբօսայգիով (մէկ մասը), Ձայնասփիւռի Տունով...:

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ՑԵՂԱՍՊԱՆՈՒԹԵԱՆ ԶՈՀԵՐՈՒ ՅԻՇԱՏԱԿԻՆ՝ ԱՌԱՋԻՆ ՅՈՒՇԱՐՁԱՆԸ Կայ նաեւ հետաքրքրական այլ պնդում մը: Կ՚ըսուի, թէ Սուրբ Յակոբ գերեզմանատան մէջ,

1919ին բարձրացուած է Ցեղասպանութեան զոհերու յուշարձան մը, որ իր տեսակին մէջ առաջինն էր համաշխարհային առումով: Ճիշդ է, որ այդ տարին, այդ նպատակով կազմուած է յանձնաժողով մը եւ մշակուած է ոգեկոչումներու ծրագիր մը: Թէոդիկ ալ մաս կը կազմէր այդ յանձնաժողովին: Կը՚ սուի նաեւ, թէ Թէոդիկի «Յուշարձան Ապրիլ Տասնըմէկի» հատորին կողքին վրայ զետեղուած նկարը կը պատկանի նշեալ յուշարձանին: Բայց, կը պակսին ստոյգ տուեալներ:

Նոր Յառաջ

ՀԱՐՑ ՄԸՆ ԱԼ՝ ԵՐՐՈՐԴ ԿԱՄՈՒՐՋԻՆ ՀԱՄԱՐ ԸՆՏՐՈՒԱԾ ՍՈՒԼԹԱՆ ՍԷԼԻՄԻ ԱՆՈՒՆՆ Է. ԱԼԵՒԻՆԵՐԸ ԿԸ ԲՈՂՈՔԵՆ

Թուրքիոյ այս վերջին դէպքերուն նախորդող օրերուն ալ այլ բանավէճ մը ծագած է՝ Պոլսոյ երրորդ կամուրջին անունին նիւթով: Թուրքիոյ նախագահ Ապտուլլահ Կիւլ հիմնարկէքի ընթացքին յայտարարած է, թէ նոր կամուրջը պիտի մկրտուի օսմանեան ամենէն ծանօթ սուլթաններէն՝ Եավուզ Սուլթան Սէլիմի անունով:

17

Սակայն յիշեալ անունը բողոքի մեծ ալիք մը ստեղծած է երկրին ալեւիներուն մօտ, որոնք այս որոշումը որպէս իրենց ուղղուած բացայայտ մարտահրաւէր ընդունած են: Պատճառը այն է, որ նշեալ անունը շատ տխուր յիշատակներ կա՚ ռթէ ալեւիներուն: Այս վերջինները կը պնդեն, թէ Եավուզ Սուլթան Սէլիմի շրջանին է, որ Թուրքիոյ գրեթէ կէսը գրաւած ալեւիներուն դէմ գործադրուեցաւ հաւաքական մաքրագործումի ու ցեղասպանութեան գործողութիւն:

“Եավուզ Սուլթան Սէլիմի անունը մեզի համար արցունք, արիւն ու սպանդ կը նշանակէ”,- ըսած է ալեւի ղեկավար Ռիւսթէմ Կիւմիւշ՝ աւելցնելով, թէ այդ անունին ընտրութիւնը նախատինք է իրենց: “Եթէ այս երկրին մէջ եղբայրութեան մասին պիտի խօսուի, ամէն մարդ պարտաւոր է յարգանք ցոյց տալու ալեւիներու եւս մշակոյթին ու պատմութեան”,- եզրակացուցած է ան:

ՊԵԼՃԻՔԱ ԱԶԷՐՊԱՅՃԱՆԱԿԱՆ ԿԵՂԾԻՔԻ ՆՈՐ ՓՈՐՁ ՄԸ ԵՒՍ ՁԱԽՈՂԱԾ Է ԴՐՈՇՄԱԹՈՒՂԹԻ ՊԱՏՄՈՒԹԻՒՆ ՄԸ...

Պելճիքայի թղթատարի ծառայութիւնը յայտարարութեամբ մը բողոք ներկայացուցած է Ազէրպայճանի դեսպանատան, շեշտելով թէ սխալ տպաւորութիւն կը ստեղծեն մամուլին տրուած այն տեղեկութիւնները, ըստ որոնց՝ Պելճիքայի թղթատարը հրատարակած է Հէյտար Ալիեւը ներկայացնող դրոշմաթուղթ մը: Պելճիքայի թղթատար ծառայութեան բանբերը աւելցուցած է, թէ իրենք նման դրոշմաթուղթեր կը տպեն բոլորին համար` ընդառաջելով անձնական պատուէրներու: Այդ սպասարկութիւնը կը կոչուի «Իմ դրոշմաթուղթը»: Այսպէս, անհատներ՝ ծննդեան կամ ամուսնութեան յատուկ տարեդարձներու, կամ այլ որեւէ նշելի առիթով կրնան տպել տալ նման դրոշմաթուղթեր:

Մինչդեռ ազէրպայճանական պետական լրատու գործակալութիւնը` «Ազէրթաջ» հրապարակած է հաղորդագրութիւն մը, ուր ըսուած է. «Պելճիքայի թղթատար ծառայութիւնը հրապարակ կը դնէ դրոշմաթուղթ մը՝ նշելու համար Ազէրպայճանի ազգային առաջնորդ Հէյտար Ալիեւի ծննդեան 90ամեակը»: Պրիւսէլի մէջ Ազէրպայճանի դեսպան Ֆուատ Իսկանտարով ալ, 90 սէնթ արժողութեամբ այս դըրոշմաթուղթին համար, որ տպուած է Մայիսի սկզբին, ըսած է, թէ “ան պիտի օգնէ եւրոպական մակարդակով անմահացնելու Հէյտար Ալիեւը”:

Ամփոփենք. Հէյտար Ալիեւի դրոշմաթուղթը արտադրուած է «Իմ դրոշմաթուղթը» սպասարկութեան միջոցով եւ պաշտօնական ոչ մէկ հանգամանք ունի, մինչ Պաքու կը փորձէ «կլլեցնել» ճիշդ հակառակը:

ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆ ԵԽԽՎ-Ի ՄՆԱՅՈՒՆ ՅԱՆՁՆԱԺՈՂՈՎԻ ՆԻՍՏԸ ԵՐԵՒԱՆԻ ՄԷՋ

2001 Մայիս 16էն` Եւրոպայի խորհուրդին անդամակցութենէն ի վեր, Հայաստան` ի դէմս Արտաքին գործոց նախարարութեան, առաջին անգամ ըլլալով կը ստանձնէ Եւրոպայի Խորհուրդի Խորհրդարանական Վեհաժողովի (ԵԽԽՎ) Նախարարներու յանձնախումբի նախագահութիւնը: Այս ծիրէն ներս, Մայիս 30ին եւ 31ին Երեւանի մէջ տեղի ունեցած է ԵԽԽՎ-ի Մնայուն յանձնաժողովի նիստը` ԵԽԽՎ-ի նախագահ Ժան-Գլօտ Մինեոնի, Հայաստանի Ազգային Ժողովի նախագահ Յովիկ Աբրահամեանի եւ Հայաստանի Արտաքին գործոց նախարար Էդուարդ Նալբանդեանի մասնակցութեամբ:

Նշենք, որ Ազէրպայճանի պատուիրակութեան անդամները Հայաստան չեն եկած՝ այս մասին առանց որեւէ բացատրութիւն տալու: Սակայն ներկայ եղած է Թուրքիոյ ներկայացուցիչ պատուիրակ մը:

Նիստը բացուած է Ժան-Գլօտ Մինեոնի եւ Յովիկ Աբրահամեանի ելոյթներով: 18

“Ցեղապաշտութեան դէմ յարատեւ պայքարը իրական մարտահրաւէր է մեր կազմակերպութեան համար: Իր գոյութեան 60 տարիներու ընթացքին մեր վեհաժողովը բազմաթիւ բանաձեւեր ընդունած է այս նիւթով”,- յայտարարած է ԵԽԽՎ-ի նախագահը եւ ներկայացուցած՝ Հարաւային Կովկաս կատարած իր շրջապտոյտի արդիւնքները:

Անդրադառնալով Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի սառեցուած հակամարտութեան խնդրին, Մինեոն նշած է, որ ԵԽԽՎ-ն կը խրախուսէ Մինսքի խումբի՝ մասնագիտացուած ձեւաչափով բանակցութիւնները եւ աւելացուցած է. “Ա՛յդ է միջազգայնօրէն ճանչուած ձեւաչափը, բայց, միեւնոյն ժամանակ, որպէս ԵԽԽՎ-ի անդամներ, մենք պէտք է խրախուսենք քաղաքական հաշտեցումը եւ երկխօսութիւնը պետութիւններու ընտրուած ներկայացուցիչներու միջեւ՝ խորհրդարանական դիւանագիտութեան շրջանակներուն մէջ: Վեհաժողովը եւ ես աւելի քան պատրաստ ենք գործելու այս ուղղութեամբ եւ յոյսով եմ, որ բոլորս առիթը կօ՚ գտագործենք”: Ապա դիմելով ԵԽԽՎ-ի Նախարարներու յանձնախումբի նախագահութիւնը ստանձնած Էդուարդ Նալբանդեանին՝ Մինեոն ըսած է, որ շատ լուրջ ակնկալիքներ ունին իրմէ:

Յովիկ Աբրահամեան ալ իր ելոյթին մէջ յոյս յայտնած է, որ Եւրոպայի Խորհուրդի Խորհրդարանական Վեհաժողովի նիստերուն կայացումը Հայաստանի մայրաքաղաքին մէջ, Եւրոպայի Խորհուրդի Նախարարներու յանձնախումբին Հայաստանի նախագահութիւնը ուրոյն էջ մը կը բանան Հայաստանի եւ Եւրոպայի խորհուրդի պատմութեան մէջ եւ վերահաստատած է, որ Հայաստան հաւատարիմ է եւրոպական կառոյցներուն համարկուելու իր քաղաքականութեան:

Նշենք նաեւ, որ Մայիս 31ին, ՀԱԿ-ի երիտասարդական միութիւնը բողոքի գործողութիւն մը կատարած է «Արմենիա Մարիոթ» պանդոկին գլխաւոր մուտքին առջեւ, ուր տեղի կ՚ունենար նիստը:

***

Նիստին մասնակիցները ամենէն շատ հետաքրքրուած են ղարաբաղեան հարցով եւ այդ մասին բազմաթիւ հարցումներ ուղղած են Հայաստանի Արտաքին գործոց նախարարին, որ նախ եւ առաջ յայտարարած է, թէ հարցին կարգաւորումը ձախողողը Ազէրպայճանն է:

Ապա, այն հարցումին, թէ ինչպիսի՞ փոխզիջումի պատրաստ է Հայաստան՝ Նալբանդեան պատասխանած է. “Էլ ի՞նչ անենք: Հայաստանը պատրաստ է հարցը լուծել երեք համանախագահող երկրների առաջարկների հիման վրայ, ինչին պատրաստ չէ Ադրբեջանը: Նրանք ձեւացնում են, որ ընդունում են միջնորդների առաջարկները՝ բերելով մինչեւ տասը փոփոխութիւն: Կա՛մ ընդունում ես, կա՛մ չես ընդունում: Ուրեմն մերժում ես”:

Սուրիական խնդրին վերաբերեալ Հայաստանի դիրքորոշումը ներկայացնելով` Նալբանդեան ճիշդ համարած է, որ բոլոր կողմերը` թէ՛ իշխանութիւնը, թէ՛ ընդդիմադիրները, մասնակցին որոշումներու կայացումին:

Երեսփոխաններէն մէկուն հարցումին, թէ Հայաստան ինչպիսի՞ քայլերու կը պատրաստուի ռուսական կազի սղումին դէմ, նախարարը դիւանագէտօրէն պատասխանած է, թէ ռազմավարական երկու գործընկերներու միջեւ անպայման լուծում մը կը գտնուի:

Ինչ կը վերաբերի Հայաստանի ներքաղաքական խնդիրներուն, Երեւան ժամանած շուրջ 80 պատուիրակներէն ոչ մէկը արծարծած է զանոնք:

Հայ Ազգային Գոնկրէսի (ՀԱԿ) խորհրդարանական խմբակցութեան ղեկավար Լեւոն Զուրաբեանի կարծիքով` ատիկա ունի իր պատճառը. “Միջազգային հանրութիւնը աչք է փակում Հայաստանի ժողովրդավարութեան խնդիրների վրայ, մարդու իրաւունքների խախտումների վրայ: Եւ անում է դա մէկ նպատակով. որովհետեւ շատ կոնկրէտ աշխարհաքաղաքական խնդիրներ է լուծում, սպասելիք ունի, ակնկալիք ունի Հայաստանի իշխանութիւններից, մասնաւորապէս, Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի խնդրում զիջումների գնալու եւ հայ-թուրքական արձանագրութիւնների հարցում նոյնպէս զիջումների գնալու հարցում”:

ԵԽԽՎ-ի հայաստանեան պատուիրակութեան ղեկավար Դաւիթ Յարութիւնեան, Զուրաբեանին հակադարձելով, ըսած է. “Հայաստանը ժողովրդավարական արժէքներով, լաւ ընտրութիւններ անցկացնելու կարողութեամբ Եւրամիութեան անդամ շատ երկրներից առաջ է: Հայաստանը չի

19

առանձնանում էապէս այլ երկրներից: Հակառակը: մի շարք երկրներից անհամեմատ աւելի առաջ է”: ԵԽԽՎ-ի նախագահ Ժան-Գլօտ Մինեոն ալ նշած է, որ այս կամ այն երկրին մէջ տիրող իրավիճակին մասին իրենք Դիտորդական յանձնաժողովին, Եւրոպայի խորհուրդի Չարչարանքներու կանխարգիլման յանձնախումբին, Եւրոպայի Խորհուրդի Մարդկային իրաւանց յանձնակատարի զեկոյցներէն կը տեղեկանան, եւ անձնական գնահատականներ կատարելը Եւրոպայի խորհուրդի

լիազօրութիւններէն դուրս է:

ԲԱԿՕ ՍԱՀԱԿԵԱՆԻ ՆԵՐԿԱՅՈՒԹԵԱՆ՝ ՍԻՒՆԻՔԻ ՄԱՐԶՊԵՏԻՆ ՀԵՏ ՍԿՍԱԾ ՎԷՃԸ ԱՒԱՐՏԱԾ Է ՄԵՌԵԱԼՈՎ, ՎԻՐԱՒՈՐՆԵՐՈՎ

Գորիսի մէջ, Յունիս 1էն 2ի գիշերը կրակոցներ հնչած են Սիւնիքի մարզպետ Սուրէն Խաչատրեանի (ծանօթ՝ Լիսկա անունով եւս) տան մերձակայքը: Սպաննուած է Գորիսի քաղաքապետի նախկին թեկնածու Աւետիք Բուդաղեան, վիրաւորուած են անոր եղբայրը՝ հրամանատար Արտակ Բուդաղեան եւ Խաչատրեանի թիկնապահ Նիքոլա Աբրահամեան: Արտակ Բուդաղեան փոխադրուած է Երեւան: Վիճակը ծայր աստիճան ծանր էր:

iLur.am կը գրէր, թէ Գորիսի մօտ գտնուող «Սդղի գէօլ» հանգստավայրին մէջ Յունիս 1ի երեկոյեան խնջոյք կազմակերպուած է ի պատիւ ԼՂՀ-ի նախագահ Բակօ Սահակեանի: Ներկայ եղած են նաեւ Սուրիկ Խաչատրեան եւ Բուդաղեան եղբայրները: Վերջիններս, քաւոր-սանիկներ ըլլալով հանդերձ, տարիներէ ի վեր լարուած յարաբերութիւններ ունին: Խնջոյքի ժամանակ վիճաբանութիւն ծագած է Բուդաղեաններու եւ Ս. Խաչատրեանի միջեւ, վիճաբանութեան ընթացքին Սիւնիքի մարզպետը հայհոյած է Բուդաղեաններու մօր հասցէին: Աւետիք Բուդաղեան ապտակած է Ս. Խաչատրեանը: Վիճաբանութեան մասնակիցները որոշած են հաշուեյարդար կատարել Բակօ Սահակեանի մեկնումէն ետք: Այդպէս ալ ընելով, Գորիսի մէջ հանդիպում ունեցած են Բուդաղեանները եւ Լիսկայի թիկնապահները: Ըստ iLur.am-ի աղբիւրին, առաջին կրակոցը հնչած է Աւետիք Բուդաղեանի ուղղութեամբ: Երբ Արտակ Բուդաղեան տեսած է, որ եղբայրը սպաննուած է, ինք ալ դիմած է զէնքի, եւ փոխհրաձգութեան հետեւանքով Սուրիկ Խաչատրեանի թիկնապահը վիրաւորուած է, իսկ Արտակ Բուդաղեան ծանրօրէն վիրաւորուած է:

ՌԱԶՄԱԿԱՆ ՀԻՄՆԱՐԿԻՆ ՄԷՋ ՈՒՍԱՆՈՂ ՍՊԱՆՆՈՒԱԾ Է

Հայաստանի պաշտպանութեան նախարարութեան «Վազգէն Սարգսեան» ռազմական հիմնարկին մէջ, Յունիս 1ի երեկոյեան, 3րդ դասարանի ուսանող Արմէն Մելքումեան իրեն յանձնուած ինքնաշխատ ատրճանակով կրակ բացած է նոյն դասարանի ուսանող Սիփան Մովսիսեանի վրայ եւ զայն վիրաւորած: Վիրաւորը փոխադրուած է հիւանդանոց, ուր սակայն մահացած է շուրջ ժամ մը յետոյ:

Հետաքննութեան ընթացքին ձեռք ձգուած նախնական տուեալներու համաձայն՝ հերթափոխի ժամանակ Արմէն Մելքումեանի եւ Սիփան Մովսիսեանի միջեւ ծագած վիճաբանութիւնը, յաջորդած հայհոյանքները յանգեցուցած են ողբերգական աւարտին:

Ա. Մելքումեան ձերբակալուած է. հետաքննութիւնը կը շարունակուի: 20

ՅՈՒՆԱՍՏԱՆ ՑԵՂԱՍՊԱՆՈՒԹԵԱՆ ԺԽՏՈՒՄԻ ՊԱՏԺԵԼԻՈՒԹԵԱՆ ՕՐԻՆԱԳԻԾ

Վարչապետ Անթոնիս Սամարասի «Նոր ժողովրդավարութիւն» խորհրդարանական խմբակցութիւնը Մայիս 31ին Խորհրդարան ներկայացուցած է ցեղասպանութիւններու ժխտումը պատժող օրինագիծ մը:

Այդ օրինագիծով պատիժ կը սահմանուի Յունաստանի կողմէ ճանաչում գտած ցեղասպանութիւնները ուրացողներուն: Երեք ամիսէն մինչեւ երեք տարի բանտարկութեան կամ 5էն 20.000 եւրօ տուգանքի պիտի դատապարտուին՝ կանխամտածուած, հրապարակաւ, բանաւոր կամ մամուլի, համացանցի ու այլ միջոցով՝ ցեղասպանութեանց ծանրութիւնը թերագնահատողները:

Յունաստանի խորհրդարանը 1994ին ճանչցած է Պոնտոսցի Յոյներու, 1996ին՝ Հայոց եւ 1998ին՝ Փոքր Ասիոյ Յոյներու ցեղասպանութիւնները:

ԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ԺԱՌԱՆԳՈՒԹԵԱՆ ՊԱՀՊԱՆՈՒՄ

ՄԽԻԹԱՐԵԱՆ ՄԻԱԲԱՆՈՒԹԵԱՆ ՁԵՌԱԳԻՐ ՄԱՏԵԱՆՆԵՐԸ ՊԻՏԻ

ԹՈՒԱՅՆԱՑՈՒԻՆ Սփիւռքի նախարարուհի Հ. Յակոբեան Մայիս 31ին ընդունած է Մխիթարեան Միաբանութեան

ներկայացուցիչ՝ Աբբահայր Տէր Եղիա Ծ. Վրդ. Քիլաղպեանը եւ Աւանի Մխիթարեան վարժարանի տնօրէն Սերովբէ Վրդ. Չամուրլեանը:

Հանդիպումին, ի շարս այլ հարցերու, քննարկուած է նաեւ Վենետիկի Մխիթարեան Միաբանութեան ձեռագիր մատեանները, վաւերագիր նիւթերը եւ արժէքաւոր այլ փաստաթուղթերը թուայնացնելու նպատակով սարքաւորումներ ապահովելու համար Հայաստանի կառավարութեան կողմէ տրամադրուելիք 53,5 միլիոն դրամ գումարի հարցը:

COVER PAGE

Aram Khachaturian was born in Tiflis, Russian Empire (now Tbilisi, Georgia) to a poor Armenian family. His father, Egia (Ilia) Khachaturian, was born in Upper Aza village near Ordubad in Nakhichevan and moved to Tiflis at the age of 13 and became the owner of the bookbinder's shop at 25. His mother, Kumash Sarkisovna, from Lower Aza, also a village near Ordubad. Khachaturian's parents were engaged before knowing each other, when Kumash was 9 and Ilia was 19. They had 5 children, one daughter and four sons, of whom Aram was the youngest.

In his youth, he was fascinated by the music he heard around him, but at first he did not study music or learn to read it.

Education and career

In 1920, when Armenia was declared a Soviet republic, Khachaturian joined a propaganda train touring Armenia, populated by Georgian-Armenian artists. The following year he travelled to Moscow to join his brother, the stage director of the Second Moscow Art Theatre. Although he had almost no musical education, Khachaturian showed such great talent that he was admitted to the Gnessin Institute where he studied cello under Sergey Bychkov, and later Andrey Borysyak. In 1925 Mikhail Gnessin started a composition class at the Gnessin Institute, which Khachaturian joined.

In 1929, he transferred to the Moscow Conservatory where he studied under Nikolai Myaskovsky (composition) and Sergei Vasilenko (orchestration), graduating in 1934 with his First Symphony. In 1933 he married the composer Nina Makarova, a fellow student from Myaskovsky's class. In 1951, he became professor at the Gnessin State Musical and Pedagogical Institute (Moscow) and the Moscow Conservatory. He also held important posts at the Composers' Union, becoming deputy chairman of the Moscow branch in 1937, then appointed vice-chairman of the Organizing Committee of Soviet Composers in 1939. In 1939 he composed his

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ballet Happiness, which was later reworked into the ballet Gayane. The composer joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1943. However, he temporarily fell from official favour in 1948. It was the Symphonic Poem, later titled the Third Symphony, that officially earned Khachaturian the wrath of the Party. Ironically, Khachaturian wrote the work as a tribute to communism: "I wanted to write the kind of composition in which the public would feel my unwritten program without an announcement. I wanted this work to express the Soviet people's joy and pride in their great and mighty country." Perhaps because Khachaturian did not include a dedication or program notes, his intentions backfired.

Andrei Zhdanov, secretary of the Communist Party's Central Committee, delivered the so-called Zhdanov decree in 1948. The decree condemned Shostakovich, Prokofiev, Khachaturian, and other Soviet composers as "formalist" and "anti-popular." The three named composers had by then already become established as the so-called "titans" of Soviet music, enjoying worldwide reputation as some of the leading composers of the 20th century. Nonetheless, all three accused composers were forced to apologize publicly.

The decree affected Khachaturian profoundly: "Those were tragic days for me... I was clouted on the head so unjustly. My repenting speech at the First Congress was insincere. I was crushed, destroyed. I seriously considered changing professions."

Despite this mortifying episode, Khachaturian returned to official favour. He received numerous state awards both before and after the Zhdanov decree: for example, four Stalin prizes (1941, 1943, 1946 and 1950), one Lenin prize (1959), a USSR State Prize (1971), and the title of Hero of Socialist Labor (1973). Khachaturian went on to serve again as Secretary of the Board of the Composers' Union, starting in 1957, and was also a deputy in the fifth Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1958–1962).

Last years and death

Khachaturian died in Moscow on May 1, 1978, just short of his 75th birthday. He was buried in the Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan, along with other distinguished Armenians who made Armenian art accessible for the whole world.

His nephew Karen Khachaturian (1920–2011) was also a composer.

Armenian FM, US Secretary of State Meet in Washington

Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian and Secretary of State John Kerry

WASHINGTON, DC — US Secretary of State John Kerry and Armenian Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian had a meeting at the Department of State in Washington, D.C., on June 4.

“It’s my pleasure today to welcome Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian from Armenia. And for me, it is a particular pleasure to welcome him because I think everybody knows Massachusetts is home to one of the largest populations of Armenians outside of Armenia, so we’re very happy. I have many, many friends in the Armenian community, and for years, have worked with my friends in Armenia on a number of different issues, Secretary Kerry said before the meeting with the Armenian Foreign Minister.

“Armenia today is an important partner with United States in a number of initiatives. Importantly, they’re helping us in Afghanistan with ISAF, they’ve played a key role in Kosovo helping to keep peace there. And one of the most issues, obviously, that we all really want to try to see resolved one day is the frozen conflict of Nagorno- Karabakh. It is critical that all the parties – when I say all the parties, I mean, obviously, the Azerbaijanis, but also Turkey, Russia, Iran, others – try to find a way to help break the impasse that

has kept this struggle alive and always potentially dangerous,” he stated. “We also have other issues of great importance to us: the economic partnership, the development of the

economy and strengthening of democracy, and the security of our friends, the Armenian people,” Secretary Kerry said. 22

Armenian Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian thanked Secretary Kerry for the warm welcome and said it’s a pleasure to him to be in Washington.

“Both countries have a good interaction in the international arena covering international regional security, proliferation, fight against terrorism, as you mentioned, peacekeeping operations from Kosovo to Afghanistan, other challenges, who are sharing vision – same vision – that it is important to continue efforts to find exclusively peaceful solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict based on the principles and norms of international law, particularly non-use of force, excessive force, self-determination, territorial integrity who are sharing the vision that the relations between Armenia and Turkey should be normalized without preconditions, who are sharing the same values of democracy, fundamental freedoms, liberty, human rights, market economy, who are very thankful that during the last two decades since our independence, United States extended very important support for Armenia, and we are thankful for that, Minister Nalbandian said.

“I would like to use also opportunity to express our gratitude to the President Obama Administration for remarkable contribution to the strengthening of Armenian-American relations, which are today in their highest point. And I’m sure and confident that with our joint efforts, we could elevate that to new heights. And the trust and understanding between our two countries is – are the best pillars to extend further our relations,” the Armenian Foreign Minister said.

Pope Francis Reaffirms Armenian Genocide Recognition

Pope Francis greets an Armenian delegation in the Vatican with Nerses Bedros XIX, Catholicos Patriarch of Cilicia of the Armenian Catholics in the background

VATICAN CITY — Pope Francis has publicly stood by his past statements describing the 1915 mass killings and deportations of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire as Genocide.

Pope Francis reiterated his view on the subject during a meeting with the Lebanon- based Armenian Catholic Patriarch Nerses Bedros XIX held at the Vatican this week.

A video report on the meeting circulated by the Catholic TV news agency Rome Reports (Romereports.com) showed him greeting Nerses Bedros and several Armenian Catholics accompanying the patriarch. One of them, a woman, told Francis that her family was a genocide victim as she introduced herself.

“It was the first major genocide of the

20th century,” replied the Pope. Francis has described the World War I-era deaths of some 1.5 million Armenians as genocide on

at least one occasion in the past, when he was Archbishop Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Buenos Aires. Speaking in 2006, he also urged Turkey to acknowledge the genocide. The late Pope John Paul II likewise called the slaughter of Ottoman Armenians “the first genocide of the 20th century” when he visited Armenia in 2001. But his successor Benedict XVI, who resigned in March, refrained from using the word genocide with respect to the 1915 massacres.

Most of job seekers In armenia are women : Labor Ministry

[As most men are overseas trying to make a living as there are no jobs available under this rotten regime.] YEREVAN, June 1./ARKA/. As of 1 May, women make up most of those individuals who are looking for a

job in Armenia, said Tadevos Avetisya, head of labor and employment department at Labor and Social Affairs Ministry.

“Women account for 49, 800 out of 70, 200 job seekers in Armenia. Young people account to 18, 200,” he told reporters in Novosti International Press Center on Saturday.

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As of 1 May 2013, there are 60,200 unemployed individuals. Some 10,683 people receive an unemployment allowance

Avetisyan added nearly 3,760 had been employed in terms of the state program from January to May , which was 6.4% higher from the same period a year earlier. Of them 1,100 are young people.

“As to the vacancies, they account to 3,250 as of 1 May, which is by 93% higher from a year earlier. The blue- collar vacancies account to 1,850, and white-collar ones –to 1,400,” he said.

According to him, till the end of the year nearly 1,500 individuals will have been included into the training program for the disabled and unemployed.

In addition, four career fairs have been already held in Armenian regions to ease an unemployment, he noted. “We anticipate to hold another seven career fairs next year in the capital and the regions in terms of the state

program,” he responded to ARKA. -0-

Notoriously Violent Governor of Syunik ‘Temporarily’ Resigns Over Deadly Shooting

YEREVAN -- The notoriously violent governor of Armenia’s southeastern Syunik province said on Monday that he is “temporarily” stepping down in connection with a weekend shootout outside his villa that left one of his local rivals dead and two other men injured.

Suren Khachatrian announced his decision following the arrest of his son Tigran and one of his bodyguards on suspicion of involvement in the late-night incident in Goris, a provincial town that has long been his de facto fiefdom.

Khachatrian is notorious for his violent conduct and was in the center of several major scandals connected with beatings and arbitrary behavior of his relatives or bodyguards. Khachatrian was also in a “war of words” with former opposition presidential candidate Raffi Hovannisian, who accused him of rigging the February vote in Syunik in favor of President Serzh Sarkisian.

The authorities in Yerevan, meanwhile, were in no rush to sack or prosecute Khachatrian despite renewed allegations by opposition and civic activists about impunity

enjoyed by powerful government loyalists in Armenia. Law-enforcement authorities gave few details of the shooting, saying only that it followed a bitter dispute involving

Avetik Budaghian, a 43-year-old local businessman and his brother Artak, who is the commander of an Armenian army unit stationed in the area. Avetik died on the spot, while Artak and another man, who is apparently linked to the governor, were hospitalized with serious gunshot wounds.

Police units sent from Yerevan reportedly searched the houses of Khachatrian and his relatives shortly after the incidents, confiscating large amounts of weapons and ammunitions.

Khachatrian did not report for work and switched off his mobile on Monday. “I regret that I could not prevent the tragic incident that took place near my house,” he said in a statement posted on the website of Syunik’s provincial administration. “An objective inquiry should now answer all questions.”

“I have decided to give up my duties of governor until the end of the inquiry and have already received permission from my superior body,” he added.

Some media reports claimed that Khachatrian sought a meeting with President Serzh Sarkisian but was snubbed by the latter. Sarkisian’s press secretary, Arman Saghatelian, did not confirm or refute those reports.

In Goris, meanwhile, relatives of the Budaghian brothers blamed Khachatrian for the shootings. “This was the result of lawlessness reigning in this town for more than 10 years,” one of them told RFE/RL’s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am). “At the heart of that lawlessness is the current governor of Syunik. I am convinced that he had a hand in this.”

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The brothers have reportedly had a tense rapport with Khachatrian and his extended family. Avetik Budaghian, the slain businessman, challenged Goris Mayor Nelson Voskanian, a Khachatrian protégé, in the last local election held in 2010. Budaghian cried foul during that mayoral race.

Local residents approached by an RFE/RL correspondent were clearly too scared to comment on the shock killing, however. “People are not just scared, they shudder [with fear,]” said one middle-aged man. “Switch off your camera,” he said when asked to elaborate.

“Please don’t ask me questions,” said another, female resident of the picturesque town.

Khachatrian, who is better known in Armenia with his “Liska” nickname, has held sway in Goris and nearby villages ever since the early 1990s. Independent media outlets have long implicated him and his relatives in violent attacks on local business rivals as well as government critics, including a Syunik newspaper editor whose car was set on fire in 2005.

The controversial governor, who is a senior member of the ruling Republican Party of Armenia (HHK), risked dismissal in 2008 as he faced an embarrassing government inquiry into a newspaper report that accused him of beating up a teenage boy. He was eventually cleared of any wrongdoing.

Khachatrian, who was appointed as Syunik governor in 2004 by then President Robert Kocharian, managed to retain his position even after assaulting in a Yerevan hotel lobby in late 2011 a businesswoman who accused him of fraud. Although the incident was captured by a surveillance camera, law-enforcement bodies refused to bring criminal charges against him on the grounds that the woman did not suffer serious physical injuries.

Official results of Armenian elections held over the past decade have shown President Sarkisian and his HHK winning more votes in Syunik than in any other part of the country. Critics say this is the reason why the ruling party has never censured the governor until now.

Inauguration of Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem

JERUSALEM ceremony of newly elected Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem His Eminence Archbishop Nourhan Manoogian was held in the Mother Cathedral of Saint James in Jerusalem. The new Patriarch, accompanied by the bishops, moved to the major sacristy of the Mother Cathedral from the Patriarchate, where he knelt and recited his oath bareheadedly.

After the recitation of the oath, Grand Sacristan, Archbishop Sevan Gharibian handed over the patriarchal crozier to the Patriarch as a symbol of assuming the patriarchal office.

His Grace Archbishop Nathan Hovhannisyan recited the congratulatory address of the Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians Karekin II. Archbishop Varuzhan Herkelyan read the letter of His Holiness Catholicos Aram I of the Holy See of Cilicia on the occasion of the inauguration. Aram Ateshian, the Patriarchal Vicar of the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople, who attended the inauguration ceremony, congratulated the newly elected Patriarch

and as a gift presented him a Holy Grail. The Christian spiritual leaders of Jerusalem, the Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem, Palestinian

delegation, along with a number of ambassadors and many other distinguished guests attended the inauguration ceremony.

Archbishop Nourhan Manoogian has been elected the Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem on January 24. The patriarchal throne remained vacant since the former Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem Rev. Archbishop Torkom Manoukyan passed away after long illness at the age of 93.

-- The inauguration

Inauguration ceremony of newly elected Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem

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Israel does not recognize new Armenian patriarch

Archbishop Nurkhan Manukyan has recently been enthroned as the 97th Armenian patriarch of Jerusalem in St. James Church in the Armenian quarter of Jerusalem.

The official ceremony has been attended by many senior clerics of the Armenian Church, including the head of the Armenian Church in Great Britain, Vaan Ovanisyan.

The 97th Armenian patriarch of Jerusalem was born in 1948 in Aleppo, Syria, and educated in Lebanon, Jerusalem and the United States.He served as a priest in Switzerland, New York and the Israeli cities of Jaffa and Haifa. In 1999 he became a bishop and in 2000 an

archbishop. One should note that previously all Christian churches in Jerusalem were trying to elect as their heads

people who were equally supported by Israel, Jordan and Palestine. That is why such elections have always been a serious diplomatic game.

The election of the new Armenian patriarch has violated this unwritten rule, as his candidacy was supported by Jordan and Palestine, but not Israel. The reason is quite clear. Manukyan has made a series of anti-Israeli statements and in 2013 condemned Israel for not recognizing the 1915 Armenian Genocide.

The Israeli authorities are quite open about the fact that they see the election of Manukyan as a direct challenge and are worried about possible conflicts with the Armenian diaspora in Jerusalem.

By Pyotr Lyukimson. Exclusively to VK

Armenia Invited to Join the UN Peacekeeping Mission in Lebanon

Armenia soldiers serving in United Nations peacekeeping forces

YEREVAN — Armenia plans to contribute troops this year to a United Nations peacekeeping force deployed in southern Lebanon, the Defense Ministry in Yerevan said on Tuesday.

“Italy, which leads the UN peacekeeping mission in Lebanon, has officially offered Armenia through the UN to add an Armenian contingent to the mission,” the ministry spokesman, Artsrun Hovannisian, told RFE/RL’s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am).

“Negotiations are now underway with Italy’s Defense Ministry and the UN regarding the structure, deployment site, number of troops, supplies and other issues,” Hovannisian said. A team of Armenian military officials will travel to Rome next week to discuss the issue with their Italian counterparts, he

said.

A specialized working group of the Ministry of Defense will leave for Rome next week to continue the negotiations. This will be followed by the visit of the Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces. Two Armenian peacekeeping platoons are likely to be deployed in Lebanon by the end of the current year.

One Officer of RA Armed Forces has been involved in the UN observation mission in Lebanon since 2012.

Armenia’s participation in the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) requires the consent of its parliament. The Armenian government has yet to approach the National Assembly for that purpose.

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The UNIFIL was deployed along Lebanon’s border with Israel and the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights in 1978 to maintain peace and stability in the area. The multinational mission currently numbers around 11,000 troops from over 30 countries, including Italy, Germany and Turkey. Its mandate was broadened by the UN following the 2006 war between Israel and the Lebanese Hezbollah movement.

Hovannisian said that Armenia was offered to join the mission because of its peacekeepers’ positive record in other international trouble spots.

Over 130 Armenian soldiers are currently deployed in Afghanistan, while 35 others serve in Kosovo.

Knesset MP: Israel Must Recognize Armenian Genocide

Knesset member Zahava Gal-On

JERUSALEM, ARMENPRESS -- "Armenpress" reporter in Jerusalem had a conversation with the leader of Israel's "Meretz" party, member of Knesset Zahava Gal-On regarding the issue of discussions dedicated to the Armenian Genocide recognition in the plenary session of Knesset, organizing open public discussions, and a number of other issues as well.

- The issue of the Armenian Genocide recognition was discussed at the plenary session of Knesset on Your initiative, and a decision was made to pass it to the Knesset Committee. Has the Knesset Committee already decided which Ministry’s commission should discuss this issue?

- The issue is still under the consideration of the Knesset Committee. The Knesset Committee has not passed it to any ministerial commission. But next week we shall check it out if it is possible to pass it to the Commission of the Ministry of Education.

We want to clarify if it is possible to organize an open public discussion to invite experts of the realm and representatives of the Armenian Community of Israel. This issue has not been clarified yet.

Two years ago the Knesset passed the Armenian Genocide issue to the Commission of the Ministry of Education, which even managed to organize one public discussion.

- What was the reason for terminating the discussions in the same commission and passing the issue to the Knesset Committee?

- Unfortunately, it's a part of political conjuncture, result of political and state interests of the Israeli Government. At that time the relations between the Israeli Government and Turkey were intense because of the Marmara ship events, hence the Israeli Government permitted the open discussion. Currently, Israel is improving its relations with Turkey and does not want to permit any open discussion, save that in the Knesset plenary session.

- What are Your expectations regarding the Armenian Genocide recognition in the respect of the restoration of warm relations between Israel and Turkey, which launched two months ago?

- In my opinion the time has come for the Israeli Government to reach an agreement with Turkey, a state agreement, and reconcile with Turkey and not to use the Armenian Genocide issue for political reasons, but to recognize the Armenian Genocide without linking it to its relations with Turkey.

- Can the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem or the newly elected Armenian Patriarch help You regarding the recognition of the Armenian Genocide by the Israeli Government?

- Yes. I find that the newly elected Armenian Patriarch of Jerusalem must have meetings with the incumbent Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Ze'ev Elkin and the Prime Minister of Israel and raise this issue before them. They exercise vast influence in the Knesset.

I want to repeat that lobbyist activity is of a certain importance in this issue. We must stand above everything. This must be a moral issue and not an object of political speculations.

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Interview by Archimandrite Koryun Baghdasaryan

"Lost and Found in Armenia" in Theaters on June 7th

LOS ANGELES -- "Lost and Found in Armenia", starring Jamie Kennedy and Angela Sarafyan, comes out in theaters on June 7th. This is the first Armenian-American movie ever filmed in Armenia, and the majority of the film is in Armenian with English subtitles. We're big fans of the film, its message, and the impact that it can

have on the Armenian community. “Lost & Found in Armenia” is the story of Bill (Jamie Kennedy), an American tourist who

vacations to Turkey to get his mind off a bad break up. In a comedic and dangerous turn of events, Bill unknowingly ends up in a small village in Armenia, where he is accused of being a Turkish spy. It is in that small village, he meets a beautiful Armenian girl (Angela Sarafyan), who helps him escape from misfortune.

“Lost & Found in Armenia” is a Red Tie Films production with Award-winning director Gor Kirakosian (Big Story in a Small City) and award-winning producer Valerie McCaffrey (American History X, Neo Ned) along with Maral Djerejian (Sideways) and starring comedian Jamie Kennedy (Malibu’s Most Wanted, Scream) and Angela Sarafyan (A Beautiful Life, The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn). Shooting Locations were in San Diego, Los Angeles, and Armenia. Red Tie Films is the first Armenian-American production team to shoot in Armenia.

Dr. Charny Dismantles Prof. Gunter’s Deceptive Genocide Denialism

By Harut Sassounian Publisher, The California Courier

As the Centennial approaches, Turkish officials and their cohorts are searching for more subtle approaches to deny the Armenian Genocide. Realizing that their past practice of outright denial is no longer credible, they have initiated a more sophisticated campaign that intends to raise subtle questions about the Armenian Genocide, sowing seeds of doubt among uninformed masses.

It is not very often that I refer to book reviews in this column, but I could not ignore the masterful way Dr. Israel Charny, Executive Director of the Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide in Jerusalem, dismantles Prof. Michael Gunter’s book, Armenian History and the Question of Genocide, which illustrates the latest revisionist approach at genocide denial.

Here are brief excerpts from Dr. Charny’s derisive review of Gunter’s book:

"This is the BEST book I have ever read -- which means it is the best of the whole terrible world of books that are devoted to ridiculous and ugly denials of absolutely factual known genocides. It is, therefore, a TERRIBLE work.... This is the best DENIALIST work I have ever seen insofar as it is written with a quietness, and solidity of coverage of issues, and even more as if with an apparent fairness of representing ranges of ideas and opinions about issues rather than strong-arm statements of single opinion-truths..

"Gunter, a professor at Tennessee Tech, opens the book with a clear acknowledgment-disclosure of his significant period of lecturing in Turkey, and even as he says ‘I have long wanted to present an objective analysis of the Turkish point of view,’ he clearly conveys that he is very much on the side of Turkish denial of the Armenian Genocide....

"Gunter is nonetheless a kind denier who continuously throws us bones for our respite -- and thereby of course it would seem proves and reproves his announced objectivity. Thus in the same poisonous ‘Foreword’ he quickly adds to his core statement of denial crocodile tears: ‘Of course in no way does this excuse the horrible excesses committed by the Turks.’

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"Perhaps the highest praise I can give Gunter is that unlike other great deniers he cites a large number of scholars and writers, who have published the now wonderfully strong literature confirming the Armenian Genocide -- and I would add genocides of other peoples alongside the Armenians, specifically the Assyrians, Greeks, and Yezidis, and also the beginning moves of the Ottoman government toward a potential genocide of the Jews in Palestine. Deniers generally stay away like the plague from writers who confirm the Armenian Genocide....

"How does our intrepid ‘objective’ scholar conclude his book? Of course, he wants to be helpful in curbing the denial that fuels ‘continuing fear and revenge.’ So he offers strategies beginning with splitting the ‘more affluent Armenian Diaspora’ that is so concerned with ‘allegations of genocide’ from ‘the nation in Armenia’ and the ‘immediate economic reality of Armenia.’ Yes, he wants to be large-hearted and he calls on Turkey to help Armenia with its economic problems, and thus in eternal realpolitik ‘Turkey may begin to split the two Armenian actors.’ But all is not lost in deception. Goodhearted Gunter also includes a proposal to Turkey to open the borders it has lockjammed with Armenia for so many years."

Charny concludes his incisive review by suggesting that Gunter’s book "should be studied by all students of denial for its artful stratagems of sounding fair, acting fairly, citing scholarship that covers divergent and contradictory points of view, speaking consistently softly, and of course calling for justice and peace, all in the course of organizing a disarming, deceitful, anti-history and anti-value-of-life work that should frighten anybody who is concerned with integrity in intellectual and scholarly works, and genuine valuing of human life."

Taking one last jab at Gunter’s insidious denialism, Charny gives him a parting underhanded praise: "Once upon a time, deniers were so wild and obvious buffoons that they claimed that the Ottoman Turkish government protected and took care of the poor Armenian exiles in their forced march out of Armenia.... Now increasingly we have a whole series of recognized academicians who write in our contemporary language of scholarship and make their points in the name of open discussion and fairness. Gunter can be congratulated that he has risen to the top of this group...."

26 May 2013 /RUMEYSA KIGER, İSTANBUL

An exhibition about a

family forced to leave

their home

Armen T. Marsoobian is a professor of philosophy at Southern Connecticut State University in the US and teaches several courses including American philosophy, aesthetics, moral philosophy and genocide issues.

He is also a descendant of an Armenian family who lived in Anatolia for generations but were forced to leave their home and properties or be killed.

İstanbul's Tophane neighborhood is currently home to an archival exhibition featuring the family history of Marsoobian's relatives between 1872 and 1923. Titled “Bearing Witness to the Lost History of an Armenian Family: Through the Lens of the Dildilian Brothers,” the show consists of the records and photographs of the members of the Dildilian family who documented their lives in Sivas, Merzifon and Samsun and the surrounding areas of Anatolia in a period that was full of suffering for Armenians.

Marsoobian's uncles, Humayag and Ara Dildilian, tried to write down the family's story but they died before finishing it, and all the documents, letters and memoirs passed down Armen; it took him 20 years before assembling them into this exhibition.

From shoemaking to photography

Tsolag Dildilian's father, Krikor, was well known for the shoes he made that were “as light as a butterfly” in Sivas, and many prominent figures including Governor Memduh Mehmet Pasha, who later became the minister of the interior,

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bought his shoes. Tsolag, however, did not want to continue with his father's profession since he was passionate about photography. Photographer Mikael Natourian from İstanbul joined Tsolag in Sivas to open a photography studio, and the two men took turns to visit villages and towns to take photographs.

Moving to Anatolia College in Merzifon

When the studio's fame reached the American Anatolia College in Merzifon, they were asked to photograph students and staff. After a while, Tsolag was asked to be the school's official photographer and moved to Merzifon with his family. This was a time the Armenian communities were suffering from constant massacres in the region, but the family was protected due to their association with the school. Tsolag also took shots of people, places, events and rural landscapes in Merzifon, some of which were turned into postcards. Tsolag's brother, Aram, who had an amputated leg, assisted him.

World War I and 1915

In 1914, there was no graduation ceremony at the school because after the war broke out, eight Armenian and Greek members of the faculty were drafted and the number of the students was halved. A year later, many Anatolian Armenians were killed and their villages plundered. Armenian soldiers in the army were disarmed and then forced to help with road construction and transportation before being massacred, or just left to starve or freeze. Also in İstanbul, the intellectual and political Armenian elite were arrested and then shot. After a while, the deportation of Armenians from Anatolia began. Males were separated and killed, and the women and children were led towards the Syrian desert. Throughout their journey, women were raped and abducted to become maids, or died due to starvation or disease, their bodies dumped on roadsides and in rivers.

The Dildilian brothers were saved because state officials used them to take photographs of prominent figures and events in Sivas and Merzifon. One day, a military officer warned Tsolag about the danger for his family and that same day they went to the municipality and converted to Islam in front of the mufti.

Founding the Orphanage

After World War 1, Aram went to Samsun and was horrified by the sights he saw: homeless orphans all around the city. He began to take pictures of them and wrote numerous letters to people he knew to build an orphanage for them. There were about 2,500 orphans in Merzifon at the time. The brothers photographed them and helped to organize a school for them.

Leaving home

In 1921 the school was shut down amid the massacres of Greeks and Armenians in Merzifon. Aram got the assurance of the Near East Relief officials to transport all the orphans to Greece. The Dildilians also decided to leave their homeland on the same ship.

The exhibition features information taken from Tsolag and Aram Dildilian's and their niece Maritsa Der Medaksian's journals, photographs of family members that the brothers took in Sivas, Merzifon, Samsun, Konya and Amasya over the years, along with memoirs of the Anatolia College faculty and photo archives of the school.

“Bearing Witness to the Lost History of an Armenian Family” will run until June 8 at the Depo in İstanbul's Tophane neighborhood. For more information, visit www.depoistanbul.net.

Louisiana State Senate Recognizes Karabakh Independence

The Louisiana State Senate Urges U.S. to “Support Self- Determination and Democratic Independence of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic”

BATON ROUGE, La—The Louisiana State Senate adopted a resolution, yesterday, saluting the Nagorno Karabakh Republic’s independence and urging the U.S. President and Congress to support the self-determination and democratic independence of this developing democratic state, reported the Armenian National Committee of America – Eastern Region (ANCA- ER).

The resolution, introduced and spearheaded by Senator Edwin Murray, states that the “Senate of the Legislature of Louisiana hereby encourages and supports the Nagorno Karabakh Republic’s continuing efforts to develop as a free and independent nation in order to guarantee its

citizens those rights inherent in a free and independent society.”

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The resolution goes on to call on the President and Congress to “support the self-determination and democratic independence of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic and its constructive involvement with the international community’s efforts to reach a just and lasting solution to security issues in that strategically important region.” The complete text of the resolution is provided below.

Vazken Kaltakdjian, Louisiana Chairman of the Armenian Council of America, worked closely with State legislators and the broader Louisiana Armenian American community in moving this issue forward.

“We are grateful to the Louisiana State Senate for supporting Artsakh’s freedom and sovereignty,” said Robert Avetisyan, the Nagorno Karabakh Republic’s Representative in the U.S. “The adoption of this resolution reaffirms Louisiana’s commitment to the fundamental values of democracy and freedom – cornerstones of Karabakh’s independence. We are grateful to Senator Murray, and everyone who endorsed and voted for the resolution. This support is very important as the Nagorno Karabakh Republic continues to develop based on our shared values of human rights and liberty.”

Senato Edwin Murray

ANCA Eastern Region Executive Director Michelle Hagopian welcomed the initiative, stating, “We join with Armenians in Louisiana and across America in thanking Senator Edwin Murray and the State Senate for standing up for the inalienable right to freedom of the people of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic.”

Louisiana is the U.S. fourth state in the past two years that has recognized the Nagorno Karabakh Republic’s independence, along with Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Maine.

SENATE RESOLUTION NO. 151 BY SENATOR MURRAY A RESOLUTION To express support for the Nagorno Karabakh Republic’s efforts to develop as a free and independent nation.

WHEREAS, Nagorno Karabakh, also known as Artsakh, has historically been Armenian territory, populated by an overwhelming majority of Armenians, which was illegally severed from Armenia by the Soviet Union in 1921 and placed under the newly created Soviet Azerbaijani administration; and

WHEREAS, February 20, 1988, marked the beginning of the national liberation movement in Nagorno Karabakh, which inspired people throughout the Soviet Union to stand up against tyranny and for their rights and freedoms, helping to bring democracy to millions and contributing to world peace; and

WHEREAS, the United States Congress has repeatedly expressed support for the legitimate freedom aspirations of the people of Nagorno Karabakh; and

WHEREAS, on September 2, 1991, the legislature of Nagorno Karabakh declared formation of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic, in accordance with then acting legislation; and

WHEREAS, on December 10, 1991, the people of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic voted in favor of the independence, and on January 6, 1992, the democratically elected legislature of the Republic formally declared independence; and

WHEREAS, since proclaiming independence, the Nagorno Karabakh Republic has registered significant progress in democracy building, which has been most recently demonstrated during the July 19, 2012, presidential elections that were assessed by international observers as free and transparent.

THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Senate of the Legislature of Louisiana hereby encourages and supports the Nagorno Karabakh Republic’s continuing efforts to develop as a free and independent nation in order to guarantee its citizens those rights inherent in a free and independent society.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the president and Congress of the United States of America are hereby urged to support the self-determination and democratic independence of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic and its constructive involvement with the international community’s efforts to reach a just and lasting solution to security issues in that strategically important region.

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that a copy of this Resolution be transmitted to the president of the United States, the secretary of the United States Senate, the clerk of the United States House of Representatives, and to each member of the Louisiana delegation to the United States Congress.

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Blazing New Trails for Armenia’s Olympic Skiing

By Tom Vartabedian PHILADELPHIA, Pa.—The road to Sochi may be high and mighty but Arman Serebrakian is prepared to take his leaps and bounds. His passion is skiing. His intent? To bring Armenia a skiing medal in the 2014 World Olympic Games in Russia—or at the very least, some credibility in the sport.

Arman Serebrakian is full speed ahead in his quest to bring Armenia a skiing medal in the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia.

One might think it’s been all downhill for the 26-year-old aspirant. When you haven’t competed for two years because of injuries, people get skeptical. But Serebrakian has the talent and the resume to fill the role.

Over the past seven years, he’s been the top-ranked Armenian alpine ski racer in the world, even during his lapse. As of April, he was listed at the summit. He’s had 4 Top 10 NCAA finishes while

competing for the University of Colorado, where he made the All-Academic Ski Team, served twice as captain, and one year as an assistant coach.

A dual citizen, Serebrakian is currently a medical student at Temple University School of Medicine, having just completed his second year and waiting to go into surgery medicine.

When his father took him down his first slope at the age of two, Serebrakian immediately fell in love with the sport. Growing up, his Armenian parents continuously took him and his sister Ani (2010 Vancouver Olympian) to the mountains in Lake Tahoe, Calif., every weekend in high school.

Arman decided to graduate early to focus solely on skiing with the goal of pursuing his lifelong dreams—making it into the World Cup circuit and eventually the Olympics.

“My father was the biggest influence of my life,” he says. “He’s skied his entire life. My grandfather was one of the first to ever ski in Iran. Many role models inspired me along the way, including Italy’s Alberto Tomba. My sister and I were always on the same club teams. Even though we’d never admit it, there was always an unspoken sibling rivalry there. We traveled together, stayed together, skied together.”

Ani did her collegiate skiing at the University of San Francisco and was one of four athletes to represent Armenia in Washington in 2010, along with Sergei Mikaelian, Kristine Khachatryan, and Arsen Nersisyan. Don’t be surprised to see her in Sochi.

“Realistically, there’s a very good chance,” says Arman. “I need to be ranked among the top 500 in the world, which is where I was at the end of my collegiate career by Jan. 24. Many people have asked me why I’m doing this. I still have my deep passion for the sport and I’ve continued to train. I grew up as one of the top-ranked junior skiers in America and want to give it my best shot.”

He spends five to six days in the gym, while balancing a heavy academic curriculum to become a surgeon. Starting in mid-July, je needs to do a month-and-a-half in New Zealand where the best summer conditions are. Then comes the international race circuit with trips to Europe and North America in pursuit of a higher world rank.

“I’ve been doing this my whole life,” he says. “I’m so proud of my Armenian heritage and I cannot think of a better way to express myself than to go out there and compete at the highest level on the world’s biggest stages. It’s my dream and that of the Armenian Ski Federation to increase the popularity of winter sports in Armenia. They have incredible mountains there and a great resort in Tzaghkadzor.

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What’s left is to build upon the culture and get athletes started at a young age. My goal is to put Armenian skiing on the map.”

If anyone can swing the pendulum Armenia’s way, maybe he can. Serebrakian helped design the Armenia ski team uniforms a couple years ago. Through his connections and performances on the slope, he’s made a noticeable mark.

A great achievement was being awarded the Dr. Prentice Gautt Postgraduate Scholarship from the Big XII Conference, which is awarded to a student-athlete matriculating into graduate school at the end of their eligibility.

Those younger moments carry their sentiments.

“My mom would pack us gourmet Armenian-Persian lunches in Tupperware to eat while we were taking a break in the mountains skiing,” Serebrakian recalled. “The other kids were all left to eat cold bologna sandwiches and boxed juices. It has not been difficult for me to keep my identity intact because I wholeheartedly embrace both worlds and believe I can learn from each of them, which makes me somewhat unique.”

Ask him who his Armenian role models are and he’ll quickly tell you Joe Almasian and Kenny Topalian, who competed for Armenia in the bobsled during the 1994 Olympics in Lillehammer. Another happens to be tennis stalwart Andre Agassi, who’s devoted much of his time these days to charity.

The burning question is why anyone with aspirations of becoming a surgeon and who is dependent on his hands would risk everything to ski. It’s never crossed his mind.

“I’m a big proponent of living in the here and now,” he admits. “If the doctor feels so passionately about stepping into a ring with a professional boxer, then I’m sure he has good reason and his patients will surely understand. I’m very lucky to have the family around me that I do.”

While at Colorado, Serebrakian made the decision to pursue his other quest in becoming a physician. He graduated with a master’s degree in integrative physiology and was accepted to Temple University School of Medicine in Philadelphia, where he took out loans and began his studies in 2011.

Even with demanding academic aspirations, he never relieved himself of his passion for skiing and physical activity, spending hours in the gym after classes, as well as biking and running in his new city.

As his second year of medical school comes to an end, the intensity of his training program increases even more. He’s committed to taking the year off from college and postponing his graduation to pursue this goal.

Although the Armenia Ski Federation has guaranteed full support for Serebrakian, they are unable to financially assist him. With the high cost of ski racing and the increased demand for world class equipment, training, and coaching, he’s seeking outside help.

The fact his sister made the 2010 Olympic Team and he took a pass didn’t set too well. In some ways, he’s out to make amends. “Getting that call to say I wasn’t going to Vancouver was one of the worst moments of my life,” Serebrakian recalled. “I’ve learned from that. I’m trying everything in my power to avoid a situation like that again.”

Armenia’s food prices increased most – newspaper

YEREVAN. – The inflation in Armenia made up 5.2 percent in May 2013, as compared to May 2012, Azg daily reports.

“The National Statistical Service issued this indicator. At the same time, the prices remained unchanged in May 2013, as compared to April.

Food prices rose by 6.6 percent in May 2013, as compared to May of last year, but dropped by 3.4 percent, as compared to April of this year. The [prices of] non-food products increased by 5 percent, as compared to May 2012, and by 0.1 percent, as compared to April. The prices of services grew by 2.8 percent, as compared to May of last year, [and by] 0.5 percent, as compared to April.

The drop in the prices of vegetables and potatoes had a direct impact on the 0.4-percent deflation that was recorded in the food products in May, as compared to April,” Azg writes.

news.am

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Armenian Opposition Party Again Slams Council Of Europe

Karlen Aslanian

Armenia -- Supporters of the opposition Armenian National Congress demonstrate during a Council of Europe meeting in Yerevan, 31May2013

The opposition Armenian National Congress (HAK) again accused the Council of Europe of turning a blind eye to vote rigging and human rights abuses in Armenia as lawmakers from the Strasbourg-based organization met in Yerevan on Friday.

The HAK organized a small demonstration outside a Yerevan hotel where the Standing Committee of the Council of Europe’s Parliamentary Assembly (PACE) held a regular meeting to discuss issues on the organization’s pan-European agenda.

The meeting attended by some 80 PACE members also touched upon Armenia’s six-month presidency of the Council of Europe which began two weeks ago. Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian was on hand to answer questions from participants. Virtually all of those questions related to the Nagorno- Karabakh conflict, with none of the committee members inquiring about the domestic political situation in Armenia.

Levon Zurabian, the HAK’s deputy chairman also attending the meeting, deplored this fact. “The international

community is turning a blind eye to problems with democracy human rights violations in Armenia,” he charged. “It is ... solving very concrete geopolitical issues. It expects concessions from Armenia’s authorities on the Karabakh conflict and the Turkish-Armenian protocols.”

Zurabian repeated these claims when he joined about 100 HAK protesters later in the morning. “The main issue that they raised with Armenia was Nagorno-Karabakh and possible concessions related to it,” he told journalists. “They asked the foreign minister only questions about that. I’m sorry but I can conclude that what we have been talking about for years is true.”

The HAK and its leader Levon Ter-Petrosian in particular have repeatedly accused the Council of Europe of being exceedingly lenient towards the Armenian authorities for “geopolitical considerations.” Council of Europe representatives have denied this.

The PACE has passed several resolutions criticizing a government crackdown on Ter-Petrosian’s opposition movement in the wake of Armenia’s disputed 2008 presidential election. Still, the most recent PACE resolution adopted in 2011 declared that authorities in Yerevan have essentially overcome the political fallout from the 2008 unrest.

PACE President Jean-Claude Mignon, who chaired the Standing Committee meeting in Yerevan, said that Armenia as well as neighboring Georgia and Azerbaijan have made “important progress” in democratization since joining the Council of Europe more than a decade ago. But he acknowledged that “a lot of things have yet to be done” in all three South Caucasus states.

Thorbjorn Jagland, the Council of Europe secretary general, expressed confidence in March that President Serzh Sarkisian will carry on with democratic reforms after winning a second term in office.

Foreign investments to Armenia declining steadily – newspaper [Having a corrupt and fraudulent regime what do you expect,there will be more people

leaving Armenia as a direct result of this rotten regime and its oligarchic policies.]

YEREVAN. – In line with the bulletin which the National Statistical Service has issued, the foreign investments to Armenia’s economy have dropped by 12 percent in the first quarter of this year, as compared to the same period last year, Haykakan Zhamanak daily reports.

“At the same time, direct foreign investments declined by more than 35 percent. According to official data, the foreign investments had dropped by 8 percent last year, too, as compared to the previous year.

But the official data with respect to foreign investments can no longer be considered credible. The problem is that an investment of $200 million was registered in the last quarter of 2012, which [i.e., the investment] as if the French had made in the telecommunications sector, but it turned out to be a lie.

So, it can be argued that the foreign investments [to Armenia] have reduced more than it is officially presented,” Haykakan Zhamanak writes.

news.am

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Vice Speaker of Armenian Parliament: Recognition of Nagorno Karabakh's independence by various countries' administrative units has become a tendency

Recognition of Nagorno Karabakh's independence by various countries' administrative units has become a tendency and consistency, Vice Speaker of Armenian Parliament Eduard Sharmazanov told ArmInfo when commenting on the Resolution passed by the Louisiana State Senate on May 31.

Sharmazanov thinks that such resolutions are only the first but very important steps towards international recognition of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic. "The frequency of passage of such resolutions demonstrates that the international community's recognition of Nagorno-Karabakh is in the offing and that the world has become more sensitive to Armenia's stance on the Karabakh problem", Sharmazanov

said. He hopes that the passage of such resolutions will become even more frequent in the course of time.

The Resolution says that "Nagorno Karabakh, also known as Artsakh, has historically been Armenian territory, populated by an overwhelming majority of Armenians, which was illegally severed from Armenia by the Soviet Union in 1921 and placed under the newly created Soviet Azerbaijani administration". It also says that February 20, 1988, marked the beginning of the national liberation movement in Nagorno Karabakh, which inspired people throughout the Soviet Union to stand up against tyranny and for their rights and freedoms, helping to bring democracy to millions and contributing to world peace". The document says that on September 2, 1991, the legislature of Nagorno Karabakh declared formation of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic, in accordance with then acting legislation. On December 10, 1991, the people of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic voted in favor of the independence, and on January 6, 1992, the democratically elected legislature of the Republic formally declared independence. The document points out that since proclaiming independence, the Nagorno Karabakh Republic has registered significant progress in democracy building, which has been most recently demonstrated during the July 19, 2012, presidential elections that were assessed by international observers as free and transparent. The Senate of the Legislature of Louisiana urges the President and Congress of the United States of America to support the self-determination and democratic independence of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic and its constructive involvement with the international community's efforts to reach a just and lasting solution to security issues in that strategically important region.

To note, the Louisiana State Legislature has become the fourth state legislative body to recognize the Nagorno Karabakh Republic. Previous States to do so are Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Maine.

arminfo.am

Expert: Poaching remains key obstacle in way of restoration of whitefish population in Lake Sevan

Poaching remains the key obstacle in the way of restoration of the whitefish population in Lake Sevan, Bardukh Gabrielyan, Director of the Institute of Hydroecology and Ichthyology, National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, said at a press conference on Saturday. Though the Government's decision to raise the water level contributes to the increase in the whitefish reserves, nevertheless, effective measures should be taken to prevent poaching.

To note, at present the whitefish reserves are gradually declining in the lake and make up about 6.5 tons. To note, in the late 1980s early 1990s the reserves made up about 30 thsd tons.

As regards the pollution of the rivers flowing into the Sevan, Gabrielyan said that the situation is desperate. He said that most of the settlements in Armenia lack cleaning stations, subsequently, the household and industrial waste falls into the

rivers and eventually into Lake Sevan. The water release from the rivers and the activity of the small hydropower plants deteriorate the situation. Gabrielyan added that the river pollution hinders the trout spawning.

arminfo.am

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PACE President: Turkey should accept Armenian Genocide and face reality

YEREV AN, JUNE 1, ARMENPRESS: Turkey should recognize the Armenian Genocide to face its own history and make a significant step towards the membership in the European Union. This was stated to Armenpress by the President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Jean-Claude Mignon.

“I think that Turkey should recognize the Armenian Genocide. That would be one of the most important steps towards its membership in the European Union. Turkey should accept the committed genocide and face the own history and reality”, - said Jean-Claude Mignon. The President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe stated that there were quite many victims and human tragedies committed by Turkey. “The Armenian

Genocide is a global tragedy, which should be recognized”, - said the President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Jean-Claude Mignon.

The President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Jean-Claude Mignon visited the Tsitsernakaberd Memorial on June 1 to commemorate the victims of the Armenian Genocide. The high-ranking guest laid a wreath to the Memorial to pay tribute to the memory of the innocent victims of the Genocide and flowers to the Eternal Fire.

Jean-Claude Mignon made a note in the record book of the Genocide Museum Institute: “Thank you for this touching visit to the Memorial perpetuating the sad memory of the innocent victims of the Armenia Genocide. Every day the European Council struggles not to allow the repetition of such a tragedy”.

The President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Jean-Claude Mignon arrived in Armenia to participate in the sessions of the Standing Committee of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, launched in Yerevan on May 31.

The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe adopted a declaration on the Armenian Genocide on April 24 of the years of 1998 and 2001. “Today we commemorate the anniversary of the first genocide of the 20th century and pay tribute to the memory of the innocent Armenians fell in the massacre directed against the humanity”, - says the PACE Resolution of April 24 1998.

Azerbaijani organization says war over Karabakh inevitable

An Azerbaijan-based NGO interested in the pro-Azerbaijani solution of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has called for launching a war against the Armenians over the disputed land.

The organization’s president, Alif Nazi, has said at a conference in Baku that “the Karabakh liberation continues to remain a priority for them, reports Contact.az.

“As long as our lands are under occupation, we must not speak about achievements,” he said. “The war is inevitable. We have both an army and money, as well as weapons. So what troubles us? Azerbaijan cannot exist without Karabakh,” he was quoted as saying.

Nazi said that preparing the Azerbaijani society for a war is one of their priorities, adding that they also seek to suspend the peaceful negotiations over Karabakh.

According to the Azerbaijani website, the organization adopted a resolution at the end, calling upon the Azerbaijani authorities to reject the Minsk Group format and trigger a war, refusing to agree to what it called a defeatist peace with Armenia.

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict broke out in 1988 when the Armenian majority of the then autonomous region declared its intention of breaking away from Azerbaijan.In a referendum held on December 10, 1991 (days before the collapse of the USSR), the population voted overwhelmingly in favor of independence (99.89%). The move was followed by Azerbaijan’s large-scale military operations against Nagorno-Karabakh and seven neighboring regions. The Ceasefire Agreement which went into effect in May 1994 put an end to the armed attacks in the conflict zone. Since 1992, the OSCE Minsk Group has been spearheading the efforts towards reaching a negotiated settlement between the conflicting countries.

Armenian News - Tert.am

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PACE President paid tribute to memory of Armenian Genocide innocent victims

YEREV AN, JUNE 1, ARMENPRESS: The President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Jean-Claude Mignon, accompanied by the Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia Hermine Naghdalyan and NA deputy Armen Rustamyan, visited the Tsitsernakaberd Memorial on June 1, commemorating the victims of the Armenian Genocide. As reported by Armenpress, the high-ranking guest laid a wreath to the Memorial to pay tribute to the memory of the innocent victims of the Genocide and flowers to the Eternal Fire.

Jean-Claude Mignon, accompanied by the Director of the Genocide Museum Institute Hayk Demoyan, got acquainted with the exhibits of the Museum and made a note in the record book: “Thank you for this touching visit to the Memorial perpetuating the sad memory of the innocent victims of the Armenia Genocide. Every day the European Council struggles not to allow the repetition of such a tragedy”. The President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Jean-Claude Mignon had a

walk in the Memory Alley. The President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Jean-Claude Mignon arrived in

Armenia to participate in the sessions of the Standing Committee of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, launched in Yerevan on May 31.

The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe adopted a declaration on the Armenian Genocide on April 24 of the years of 1998 and 2001. “Today we commemorate the anniversary of the first genocide of the 20th century and pay tribute to the memory of the innocent Armenians fell in the massacre directed against the humanity”, - says the PACE Resolution of April 24 1998.

Russia Stations Advanced Missiles in Armenia

An Iskander ballistic missile is one of the advanced systems deployed in Armenia

YEREVAN (RFE/RL)—Russia has deployed in Armenia state-of-the-art ballistic missiles capable of striking targets more than 400 kilometers away, according to a source in the Armenian Defense Ministry.

Speaking on the condition anonymity, the source told RFE/RL’s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am) over the weekend that several Iskander-M systems are currently stationed at undisclosed locations in the country. The source declined to clarify whether they were delivered to the Armenian armed forces or the Russian military base headquartered in Gyumri.

The Defense Ministry in Yerevan did not officially confirm or refute the information as of

Monday. Citing an unnamed Russian military source, the Russian news agency Regnum reported on May 15 that

Moscow is likely to deploy the advanced surface-to-surface missiles as part of the ongoing modernization of its base in Armenia.

Designated by NATO as SS-26 Stone, Iskander-M is regarded by military analysts as one of the most advanced missile systems of its kind in the world. The system known for its precision was developed in the 1990s and adopted by the Russian army in 2006. With an operational range of at least 400 kilometers, its 7.3-meter-long missiles can overcome existing missile-defense systems, according to Russian military officials and experts.

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Russian-Armenian military ties appear to have deepened further in the last few months, with Russia’s Defense Minister Sergey Shoygu and chief of the General Staff, Colonel-General Valery Gerasimov, visiting Armenia early this year. Armenian Defense Minister Seyran Ohanian held follow-up talks with Shoygu a mid-April trip to Moscow.

President Vladimir Putin and his Armenian counterpart Serzh Sarkisian also discussed defense cooperation when they met near Moscow on March 12. Sarkisian reportedly thanked Putin for “good progress” in bilateral military ties made since their previous meeting in December.

A Russian-Armenian defense agreement signed in August 2010 commits Moscow to helping Yerevan obtain “modern and compatible weaponry and special military hardware.” Russian assistance is vital for the implementation of a five-year plan to modernize the Armenian army that was adopted by the Sarkisian administration later in 2010. The plan puts the emphasis on the acquisition of long-range precision-guided weapons.

The Armenian military has been equipped until now with only Scud-B and Tochka-U ballistic missiles that have firing ranges of 300 kilometers and 120 kilometers respectively. The Soviet-era systems are less advanced than Iskander-M. The military makes no secret of its readiness to use them against Azerbaijan’s oil and gas installations in case of a renewed war for Nagorno-Karabakh.

Moscow, Yerevan In Customs Union Talks

Belarus - Prime Ministers Dmitry Medvedev (R) of Russia and Tigran Sarkisian or Armenia meet in Minsk, 31May2013.

Armenia is holding negotiations with Russia on the possibility of its accession to new Russian-led unions of former Soviet republics, the Russian ambassador in Yerevan, Ivan Volynkin, said on Monday.

Volynkin made clear that Moscow would welcome Armenian membership of the Customs Union of Russia, Belarus Kazakhstan which President Vladimir Putin hopes will evolve into a broader Eurasian Union.

The diplomat spoke three days after Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev and his Armenian counterpart Tigran Sarkisian discuss the matter on the sidelines of a Commonwealth of Independent States meeting in Minsk.

“Armenia wants to participate in that [Customs Union] and we too consider that important. We just need to find the appropriate format of such cooperation,” Medvedev said at the start of the talks.

Sarkisian agreed, saying that he met with Viktor Khristenko, the Russian head of the union’s executive body, in Minsk to discuss a fresh memorandum on Armenia’s “integration” into the trade bloc. “There is an understanding that we need to urgently prepare that memorandum, agree it with the presidents and sign it,” he said, according to the RIA Novosti news agency.

Sarkisian and Khristenko already signed an essentially non-binding memorandum in Yerevan on April 10. It says that Armenia and the Customs Union will seek to “develop interaction” in areas such as “simplification of trading procedures,” food safety, sanitary standards and product certification.

That document came as a further indication that the Armenian government has no plans to join the union and thus preclude an Association Agreement which is being negotiated with the European Union. Sarkisian has repeatedly argued against Armenia’s entry into the bloc before, citing the absence of common borders with any of its member states.

A spokesman for the Armenian premier, Harutyun Berberian, implied on Saturday that Sarkisian stands by his position on the issue. “Armenia is in special conditions -- in particular, it has no common border with the member states of the Customs Union -- and the Russian side also accepts this circumstance,” Berberian told RFE/RL’s Armenian service (Azatutyun.am). “In this situation, we are only talking about finding a mutually acceptable format for cooperation between Armenia and the Customs Union.”

Ambassador Volynkin said, however, that full membership is one of the possibilities considered by Moscow and Yerevan. “Nothing has been decided yet on the format of integration,” he told reporters. “It could be an association or some partnership or membership. Any format is possible.

“These issues require a detailed discussion. Therefore I think it is premature to speak about the content of the

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negotiations.” “I think that the Russian leadership would welcome Armenia’s entry into that structure,” Volynkin added, referring

the customs and Eurasian unions. President Serzh Sarkisian insisted after talks with Putin in March that the Kremlin is not pressuring Armenia to join

the Customs Union despite intense media speculation to the contrary. EU officials have made clear that Armenian membership of the union is “not compatible” with the Association

Agreement.

Azatutyun.am

Alternative energy sources able to produce 20 percent of Armenia’s electricity: expert

YEREVAN, June 3. / ARKA /. Armenia is rich in renewable energy sources, which can generate up to 20% of all electricity produced in the country to mitigate the impact of the impending rise in gas price, Mikael Martirosyan, head of Techno Eco LLC, said at a news conference on Monday.

He said Armenia has more than 300 sunny days a year, and therefore, the most perspective is the use of solar energy. For comparison, in Germany, where solar energy is used widely, one square meter of a solar water heater produces about 1,000 kWh of energy per year, while in Armenia this figure may be from 1720 to 1900 kWh per year.

According to him, despite the fact that the price of one sq m of solar water heater is about $630, it is a one-time payment, and when using this device, the buying and other costs will repay in about 6 years.

Martirosyan spoke also about windmills and use of biogas produced from organic waste, including manure and poultry manure.

Late last month Armenia’s Public Services Regulatory Commission (PSRC) said consumers using up to 10,000 cubic meters of natural gas per month are likely to pay 156 drams, including VAT, for one cubic meter, up form current 132 drams. Corporate and other enterprise consuming 10,000 and more cubic meters will be paying about $276.98 per one thousand cubic meters. This decision is supposed to enter into force from July this year.

The PSRC is also expected to set 38 drams per one KWh electricity consumed in daytime and 28 drams for electricity consumed at night (including VAT). ($1 – 417. 19 drams). -0-

Erdoğan and his Armenian problem

GERARD J. LIBARIDIAN When the AKP and Erdoğan came to power in Turkey in 2002, there were reasons to think that they would correct the state policies for dealing with history, particularly regarding the treatment of Armenians by the Ottoman government during the First World War.

Since their political philosophy is derived mainly from religious concepts rather than secular statism and nationalism, Erdoğan and the AKP could have denounced those policies outright. In fact they could have pointed out that it was extreme statist and nationalist ideology, rather than Islam, that was responsible. He could have saved that dimension of Ottoman legacy that was tolerant by rejecting the extremist policies of the wartime Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) government as inimical to Islamic values; and if CUP policies can best be characterized as genocide, so be it.

When Erdoğan came to power, he was much more open in his treatment of the Armenian issue; he wanted to leave history to historians. This was an opening, since the Turkish state had always dictated historical narratives down to every schoolbook.

The two protocols signed by Turkey and Armenia in October 2009 that aimed at the normalization of relations between the two countries had an indirect but clear reference to a joint study of the genocide issue. It appeared that Erdoğan, with support from Gül, wished to move forward.

Even more significantly, in 2011, Erdoğan apologized for the massacre of civilian Kurdish subjects in 1938 and 1939 in Dersim/Tunceli. The idea and gesture of an apology itself are more important than the details. No Turkish leader

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had ever apologized for an atrocious policy or crime that the Ottoman or Turkish state had ever committed against its own subjects. Additionally, Erdoğan or Davutoğlu have used the term genocide for situations that are far less sinister than what happened to Armenians in 1915.

Hence, instead of denying genocide, Erdoğan could have opted for another method: The genocide of the Armenian people was committed by the CUP in power. And in committing that crime, the CUP was not acting as a Muslim government but rather as primarily a power-hungry clique that had taken over the government illegally in the name of a particular vision and used religion only to help make their policies work and “seem” sanctioned by the dominant religion, Islam. This is a perfectly legitimate political argument as well as a historically valid one.

Prime Minister Erdoğan could have made that argument and resolved an extremely thorny issue; he would have gained international respect both from governments and from civil societies in a large number of countries it relates to. But that is not what has happened, not yet anyway.

By declaring that Muslims, by definition, could not commit genocide – as was the case regarding Sudan and Darfur – Erdoğan might have thought he was saving Islam. In fact, by exempting authors of genocide who happen to be Muslims from that charge, Erdogan is making critical discussion, and historical analysis, irrelevant; and in doing so, he is creating more problems for the religion he is trying to save.

However, this is not first time that blinders have covered the eyes of a Turkish leader – no matter how liberal or reformist. The Armenian issue is, indeed, the blind spot of Turkish leaders’ vision.

When CUP came to power in 1908, it had two options. The first was dealing with the social and economic issues raised by Armenians. The second option was to see the Armenian Question as a foreign plot, therefore, subject to justifiable repression. The Young Turks started with the first and ended up opting for the second. The result was what happened in 1915.

When Erdoğan came to power, he too had options: he could have seen the Armenian issue as a matter integral to Ottoman and Turkish history, a revision of which history being necessary to better pursue the democratization of the country; or, to continue the state policies on this issue as if it is a foreign-inspired conspiracy fueled by imperialists’ designs to break up Turkey.

Erdoğan gave signals opting for the first; the question is, has he, too, ended up with the second option?

* Gerard J. Libaridian is a historian who served as senior advisor to the first president of independent Armenia, between 1991 and 1997. This article is an abbreviated version of the original article published in Turkish Policy Quarterly (TPQ).

Mukhin: In case of war Russia will fulfill its obligations to Armenia

A resump“A resumption of hostilities in Nagorno Karabakh is possible only in case of an escalation of relations in the Middle East and North Africa. Unfortunately, these conflict spots are connected with each other. The presidential elections in Azerbaijan will change almost nothing, but may provoke worsening of the climate around disputed territories,” Director General of the Russian Center for Political Information Alexey Mukhin said in an interview with Vesti.az.

When asked how Moscow will act in case of an Armenian-Azerbaijani war and if a repeat of the Georgian scenario is possible (that is, Moscow will bring troops into the conflict zone and fight on the side of its ally in the CSTO – Armenia), Mukhin replied: “Russia will take a peacekeeping position. The Kremlin is not interested in a full-scale conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. It will play a restrictive role. Moscow has certain obligations to Armenia and it will fulfill those obligations”.

aysor.am

Armenian Scholars at the Center of Genocide Denial

Absolut Denial of the Armenian Genocide BY ARA KHACHATOURIAN The Turkish Studies Project of the University of Utah convened its fourth conference on on Wednesday in Tbilisi,

Georgia. The conference is entitled “The Caucasus at Imperial Twilight: Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Nation-Building (1870s-1920s).”

The Turkish Studies Project at Utah, directed by Prof. M. Hakan Yavuz of the Department of Political Science, is funded by the Turkish Coalition of America (TCA), one of the most active U.S.-based groups promoting denial of the Armenian Genocide (the TCA is also specified as a sponsor of the conference). The Project was established in 2009 through the TCA’s financial support.

The Turkish Coalition of America has gained notoriety since its establishment in 2007 for its aggressive promotion of “the contra-genocide narrative” through funding scholarship that casts doubt on the facts of the Genocide, pursuing aggressive legal measures such as its lawsuit (which was dismissed) against the University of Minnesota and its Center

40

for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, and working against U.S. recognition of the Genocide by the U.S. Congress and Executive Branch.

In light of the TCA’s support of the conference, it is not surprising to find such names as Norman Stone, Justin McCarthy, Michael Gunter, and Kemal Cicek among the participants. Each is well known for writings that attempt to undercut the veracity of the Armenian Genocide.

What is surprising, however, is the presence of a number of Armenian scholars, both from the Republic of Armenia and from the United States, including one member of the organizing committee.

[1. Gerard Libaridian (University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Retired) 2. Richard Antaramian (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) 3. Asbed Kotchikian (Bentley University) 4. Garabet K Moumdjian (Independent Historian)

5. Ruzanna Tsaturyan & Mkhitar Gabrielyan (Yerevan State University) 6. Anush Hovhannisyan (Institute of Oriental Studies, NAS, Armenia) 7. Ara Papian (Head of Modus Vivendi Centre, Yerevan, Armenia) 8. Ruben Melkonyan (Department of Oriental Studies, Yerevan State University)]

Lately, certain elements in Armenian academia have been advancing the warped notion that by taking part in denialist or denialist-organized conferences they can counter claims by Turkey and its mouthpieces whose careers have hinged on historical revisionism. Yet we have seen no proof of that.

As these Armenian academicians gallivant around the world from one conference to another, the government of Turkey continues to invest millions to infiltrate academic circles in the US and elsewhere.

The participation of some of the Armenian scholars on the roster of the Tbilisi conference is not surprising as they “sold out” a long time ago. What is more disturbing is the participation of a younger generation of academicians who fervently argue that their presence at such conferences bolsters the Armenian position when, in reality, it goes a long way in advancing Turkey’s decades-long denialist policies.

The Armenian scholars’ participation in the conference does not end with presenting papers and includes Armenians who are listed as organizers on the program.

In the absence of efforts by Armenia to produce a new generation of multi-lingual Armenian scholars, coupled with the laissez-faire attitude of those who make it a point to be at the forefront of denialist scholarship, the academic pursuit of the Armenian Cause is taking a step backward.

Therefore, these Armenian scholars who are participating in these conferences should be accountable to the public and through the Armenian press must report on their efforts to “counter” Genocide denial in these forums. After all, the same scholars took great advantage of the arena presented by the Armenian press during their nascent days as burgeoning scholars.

Videos

Raffi Hovanissian in Washington DC

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGEzsP3txKU

Barev Los Angeles: Raffi Hovannisian's Speech

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XwjS28NbCUE

Հալեպահայություն . նվիրական աշխատանք http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ON_CvJK4cLI

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